Put the statements in order according to the following terms:
(a.) jurisdiction (b.) judicial review (c.) subpoena (d.) magistrate (e.) remand
• __ Issues court orders and hears preliminary evidence __ The authority to hear and decide a case__ Court order requiring someone to appear in court__ Returning a court case to a lower court for a new trial__ Examining court cases to determine its constitutionality
• (a) The authority to hear and decide a case(b) Examining court cases to determine its constitutionality(c) Court order requiring someone to appear in court(d) Issues court orders and hears preliminary evidence (e) Returning a court case to a lower court for a new trial
The role of the judicial branch is to ____.
• carry out laws
Under the Articles of Confederation and before the establishment of a national court system, ____.
• there was no nationwide standard of justice
Do federal courts have jurisdiction in personal injury cases?
• No
The responsibility of a magistrate is to ____.
• decide if a case should be brought to trial
Where are disputes involving decisions of federal regulatory agencies heard?
• appeals courts
What is a major difference between district courts and appeals courts?
• appeals courts have no juries
In an appeals case, judges decide whether an accused person received ____.
• a fair trial
How does Congress check the power of the Supreme Court?
• constitutional amendments
Does the Supreme Court decide on the guilt or innocence of the accused in cases they hear?
No
Do Supreme Court Justices write opinions while their court is in session?
• No
The power that allows the Supreme Court to review any federal or state law is ____.
• judicial review
Original jurisdiction gives district courts the authority to ____.
• hear cases for the first time
If the Supreme Court finds a law to be unconstitutional, it can ____.
• cancel that law
Marbury v. Madison involved the court's use of ____.
• judicial review
Concurrent powers are those shared by ____.
• state courts and federal courts
Congress can get around an unfavorable ruling from the Supreme Court by changing the law that was nullified or ____.
• amending the Constitution
The Supreme Court is most likely to hear a case if it deals with violations of ____.
• the Bill of Rights
To explain why the justices on the Supreme Court made a decision, the Court issues ____.
• a majority opinion
A circuit is a particular geographic area assigned to ____.
• an appellate court
Court cases in which juries decide whether or not people have committed crimes are _______________ cases.
• Criminal
Court cases in which people on two sides of an issue disagree are _______________ cases.
• civil
In a case in which both federal and state laws have been broken, federal and state courts have _______________ jurisdiction.
• concurrent
District courts have _______________ jurisdiction, which is the authority to hear cases for the first time.
• original
All federal judges are appointed by the President with the approval of the _______________.
• Senate
A person who feels that a verdict of the district court was unfair may take his or her case to a (n) _______________ court.
• appellate
Nearly all cases that are presented to the Supreme Court come on _______________ from a lower court.
• appeal
The Supreme Court has the power to nullify laws that conflict with the _______________.
• Constitution
There are eight associate justices on the Supreme Court and one ____________________.
• chief justice
A justice who agrees with a majority opinion but for different reasons will write a (n) _______________ opinion.
• concurring
Members of the armed services are tried by military officers in a (n) ____________________.
• court martial
Through a (n) ____________________, the Supreme Court directs a lower court to send its records on a case to it for review.
• writ of certiorari
A case in which two sides are in disagreement over certain issues is a (n) _________________.
• civil case
A subpoena is delivered by a (n) ________________.
• marshall
After a case has been accepted by the Supreme Court, it is placed on the Court _____________, or calendar.
• docket
In a written _____________, an attorney argues a case.
• brief
A (n) ____________________, in which a person is accused of committing a crime, is usually heard in a state court.
• criminal case
Federal courts have _______________________ in controversies between states.
• exclusive jurisdiction
The Chief Justice usually asks an associate justice who voted with the majority to write a (n) ____________________.
• majority opinion
An appeals court may _____________ a case to the lower court for a new trial.
• remand
List the 8 areas of jurisdiction for federal courts.
• 1. Constitution
• 2. Federal laws
• 3. Admiralty and maritime laws
• 4. Disputes with the U.S. Government
• 5. Controversies between states
• 6. Controversies between citizens of different states
• 7. Disputes involving foreign governments
• 8. U.S. ambassadors
Name the 4 special federal courts.
• 1. Tax Court
• 2. Federal Claims Court
• 3. Military Court of Appeals
• 4. International Trade Court
What are the 3 types of jurisdiction?
• 1. original
• 2. appellate
• 3. concurrent
What did Marbury v. Madison establish?
• Judicial review
What did Plessey v. Ferguson establish?
• Separate but equal
According to Schenck v. United States, free speech can be limited if there is ________________.
• a clear and present danger
Brown v. the Board of Education reversed _________.
• Plessey v. Ferguson
According to Miranda v. the United States, police must ___________________.
• inform suspect of their rights at the time of their arrest
Roe v. Wade legalized ____________.
• abortion
New York Times v. United States dealt with the issue of _______________.
• prior restraint
How does the President’s ability to appoint Supreme Court Justices affect his legacy?
• Judges are appointed for life
• The President appoints judges that agree with his philosophy
• The President’s ideas will continue to be heard through the decisions his judicial appointees make