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Push Pull Factors and the Homestead Act
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Definition of push/pull factor
• Push factor, what causes or forces people to leave• Pull factor, what leads or attracts people to a specific
place?
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Push Factors to the West
• Overcrowding• Need for jobs• Ethnic/Religious
repression• Refuge for outlaws
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Pull Factors to the West
• Land (cheap and plentiful)• Riches (gold, silver, oil)• Freedom of religion/beliefs• Family connections• Jobs and new opportunities• Adventure• Maybe to find love
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Moving West
• Many people moved out west because they believed in the philosophy of Manifest Destiny, which was the belief that America was destined to expand from coast to coast
• The primary method of travel to the west was stagecoach, wagon or horseback, some even walked
• Most who traveled out West were hoping for a new life
• A lot were given incentives to go by the US Government, like the Homestead Act or the Pacific Railways Act
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What is an Immigrant?
• An immigrant is a person who moves from one country or region to another in order to make a new home.
Picture from: http://www.hmongstudies.org/HmongCulturalCenterESLProgramPhotos05.html
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The Homestead Act• Passed by Congress on May 20, 1862 to get
people to move to the Great Plains. • Any citizen of the United States could claim 160
acres of government land. • After paying a small fee, homesteaders were to
improve their land by living on it, building a dwelling (home), and planting crops. If the settlers fulfilled these requirements, and remained on their homestead for a period of five years, the land became their property.
• With the Homestead Act 270 million acres of land was available for people to live on.
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Reflect• What was the Homestead Act?
• What did settlers have to do to become owners of the land?
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What are some problems that could arise from the Homestead Act?
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Homestead Problems• Though the requirements of the Homestead Act
seemed easy, many people still had problems.
• Many who took claims had little or no farming experience.
• Much of the land in the Great Plains was not good for farming even if you were a great farmer. It was dry and not good for many crops.
*The Homestead Act lasted for 124 years. In this time over 2 million people claimed land. Of that 2 million, less than half lived on the land long enough to become an owner.
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Reflect
• Why would the following groups of people want to settle in the West?•Single Women•Freed Slaves• Immigrants
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Reflect• If you lived in the 1870s would you want to move
to the frontier? Why or why not? • Analyze the push and pull factors that an
immigrant coming to America would face during this time.
• What do you think life was like once you settled there? Easy? Difficult? Fun? Boring?