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Properties of Matter Notes
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Matter
• Matter - anything that has volume & mass.
• Properties – characteristics of matter, help us to
classify and understand matter better
• There are two types of properties:
– Physical
– Chemical
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Physical Properties
• Physical Properties : properties that can be
observed or measured without changing the
identity of the matter
• Physical properties can be observed using
your senses
• Numbers are often associated with physical
properties
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Examples of physical properties
Mass Amount of matter in an object
Volume; Size Amount of space
an object takes up
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Examples of physical properties
Density
mass ÷ volume
Shape
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STATES OF MATTER
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Examples of physical properties
Color Odor
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Examples of physical properties
Texture
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Examples of physical properties
Hardness Measure of an object’s
resistance to scratching
Malleability Ability of a metal to be
hammered into thin sheets
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Examples of physical properties
Brittle Measure of a materials
tendency to shatter
upon impact
Elasticity Measure of a solid’s ability to
be stretched and then return
back to normal size
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Examples of physical properties
Soluability Ability of a solute to
dissolve in a liquid
Tensile Strength Measure of how much pulling
or tension a material can
withstand before breaking
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Chemical Properties
Chemical Properties: describes matter based on its ability to react with other
substances and change into a new substance.
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Examples of Chemical Properties
• Wood can be burned to
create ash and smoke.
Wood has the chemical
property flammability.
• Rust on a car: A chemical
property of paint is that it does
not react with oxygen, however
the iron underneath the paint
does. If the paint on a car is
chipped, the iron will react with
oxygen and form rust.
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Chemical Properties
• Chemical properties are not as easy to observe as
physical properties.
• Chemical properties cannot be observed without
changing the substance.
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Examples of Chemical Properties
Ability to REACT!
Reacts with Oxygen Does NOT react with Oxygen
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Examples of Chemical Properties
Ability to REACT!
Reacts with Acid Does NOT react with Acid
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Examples of Chemical Properties
Ability to REACT!
Reacts with Water Does NOT react with Water
• Bubbles
• Flames:
Sodium (Na)
& water
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Examples of Chemical Properties
Flammable Nonflammable Asbestos
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Examples of Chemical Properties
Toxic Non-toxic
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Words to Know
• Add the following Words to Know to your Science Journal
vocabulary:
– Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space!
– Mass: A measure of how much matter is in an object.
– Volume: The amount of space that matter occupies
– Density: The measurement of how much mass of a
substance is contained in a given volume; Density =
Mass/Volume
– Properties
– Physical properties
– Chemical properties