MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
CONTENTS
Page No.
1 Introduction 1
2 Block Diagram
2. 1 Basic Block Diagram
2. 2 Power Supply diagram
2
2
2
3 Block Diagram Description
3. 1 Power Supply
3. 2 Entry & Exit Sensor Circuit
3. 3 AT 89C51 Microcontroller
3. 4 Relay Driver Circuit
3. 5 Display Unit
3. 6 Motor & Its Driving Circuit
3
3
4
4
6
6
7
4 Circuit Diagram
4.1 Main Circuit Diagram
4.2 IR Transmitter Circuit
4.3 Power Supply
9
9
10
11
5 Working Of The System 12
1DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
6 Components List 14
7 Circuit Description
7. 1 Transmitter Circuit
7. 2 AT 89C51 Microcontroller
7. 3 Receiver Circuit
7. 4 Display Unit
7. 5 Motor Unit
7. 6 Relay Unit
15
15
15
16
17
17
18
8 PCB Layout 19
9 PCB Fabrication 20
10 Flow Chart 22
11 Program 23
12 Advantages 37
13 Disadvantage 38
14 Application 39
15 Conclusion 40
16 Bibliography 41
A1 Appendix 42
2DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
1. Introduction
Intelligent Conference Hall is a set up with automatic door
opening and room light controller along with visitor counter using a
Microcontroller. This is a reliable circuit that takes over the task of controlling the
door and room devices as well us counting number of persons in the room. The
total number of persons inside the room is also displayed on the seven segment
displays.
The microcontroller does the above job. It receives the signals
from the sensors, and this signal is operated under the control of software which is
stored in ROM. Microcontroller ATMEL 89C51 continuously monitor the Infrared
Receivers.
When any object pass through the IR Receiver's then
the IR Rays falling on the receiver are obstructed, this obstruction is sensed by the
Microcontroller and hence the door opens with the help of motor attached to it
along with incrementing the no. of persons shown in the display by one. Now the
devices in the room start operating. When any one comes to leave the room the
same happens along with decrementing the count shown in the display, and when
all the persons in the room comes to leave i.e., when the count becomes zero in the
seven segment display all the devices comes to OFF state. This circuit with a much
more improvement can be used in practical life in conference halls, bathrooms etc.
3DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
2. BLOCK DIAGRAM
2.1 Basic Block Diagram
Fig. 2.1
2.2 Power Supply Diagram
RECTIFIERTRANSFORMER
230V AC
FILTER REGULATOR+5V
+12VGND
Fig. 2.2
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MicrocontrollerAtmel 89C51
Sensor 1
Motor driver for door accessing
Device switching unit
Display unit
Sensor 2
Power supply for all units
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
3. Block Diagram Description
The basic block diagram of the bidirectional visitor
counter with automatic light controller is shown in the above figure. Mainly this
block diagram consists of the following essential blocks.
1. Power Supply
2. Entry and Exit sensor circuit(Sensor 1 & Sensor 2)
3. AT 89C51 micro-controller
4. Relay Unit
5. Display unit
6. Motor & Its Driver Circuit For Door Opening
3.1 Power Supply
Here we used +12V and +5V dc power supply. The main
function of this block is to provide the required amount of voltage to essential
circuits. +12V is given to relay driver and motor whereas +5V is provided for
Microcontroller, Sensors, IC’s and for the display unit. IC 7805 & 7812 are used
here, which provides the +5V and +12V dc regulated power supply respectively.
A block diagram containing the parts of a
typical power supply is shown in fig 2.2. The ac voltage, typically 120 V rms, is
connected to a transformer, which steps that ac voltage down to the level for the
desired dc output. A diode rectifier then provides a full-wave rectified voltage that
is initially filtered by a simple capacitor filter to produce a dc voltage. This
resulting dc voltage usually has some ripple or ac voltage variation. A regulator
circuit can use this dc input to provide a dc voltage that not only has much less
ripple voltage but also remains the same dc value even if the input dc voltage varies
somewhat, or the load connected to the output dc voltage changes. This voltage
regulation is usually obtained using one of a number of popular voltage regulator
IC units. The regulated voltage is provided for the working of the circuit.
5DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
Transformer Rectifier Filter IC regulator Load
Fig 3.1.1
3.2 Enter and Exit Circuits (Sensor 1&2)
This is one of the main parts of our project. The
main intention of this unit is to sense the person. For sensing the person entering or
exiting the conference hall we are using the light dependent resistor (LDR) in the
transmission section and in the receiver end we set up a circuit using TSOP which
is connected to the microcontroller. Both at the transmitter and receiver end 555 is
used which works in the monostable mode. By using these sensors the
microcontroller senses any obstruction. On sensing any obstruction on sensor1 it in
forms the microcontroller which then opens the door and waits for the obstruction
in sensor2, on conforming the obstruction in sensor2 the counter will be count one
up and vice versa happens in the latter case. It is powered by the regulated output
from 7805 IC.
3.3 AT 89C51 Microcontroller
It is a low-power, high performance CMOS 8-bit
microcontroller with 8KB of Flash Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory
(PEROM). The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile
memory technology and is compatible with the MCS-51TM instruction set and pin
out. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system
or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-
6DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic hip, the Atmel AT89S52 is a powerful. In this
system port 3 is us as input port and port 1 is used as output port.
Microcontroller, which provides a highly flexible
and cost effective solution so many embedded control applications.
FEATURES OF MICROCONTROLLER
Design with micro-controllers has the following feature:-
i) As all the peripherals are integrated into a single chip, the overall system cost is
very low.
ii) The product is of a small size as compared to the Digital based systems and is thus
very handy.
iii) The system design requires very little efforts and is easy troubleshoot and maintain.
iv) As the peripherals are integrated with a microcontroller, the system is more reliable.
v) Though a µC have on-chip RAM, ROM and I/O ports, additional RAM, ROM I/O
ports may be interfaced externally, if required.
vi) The Micro-controllers with on-chip ROM provide a software security feature which
is not available with micro-processor based systems using ROM/EPROM.
vii) All these features are available in a 40 pin package as in an 8-bitprocessor.
The AT 89C51 is an 8-bit micro-controller with four ports (32
I/O lines) two - 16 bit timers/counters, on chip oscillator and clock circuitry. The
ATMAL 89C51 is designed to use in a sophisticated real - line instrumentation and
industrial control.
The special Features of 89C51 are;
1. Clock frequency 12 MHz
2. Program memory security
3. 4 KB ROM/EPROM
4. 128 KB RAM
5. 32- I/O lines (4-numbers of 8-bit ports)
6. Two 16-bit timer/counters
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MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
7. Programmable Full-Duplex serial channel
8. Boolean processor
9. 4 ms multiply and divide
3.4 Relay Driver Circuit
The relay driver circuit consists of a switching transistor and
a relay. Relay is an electromagnetic switch. It has one common point and one
normally open (N/O) and one normally close (N/C) contact.This block has the
potential to drive the various controlled devices. In this block mainly we are using
the transistor and the relays. One relay driver circuit we are using to control the
light. Output signal from AT89C51 is given to the base of the transistor, which we
are further energizing the particular relay, because of this appropriate device is
selected and it do its allotted function. Port 3 is used for the Relay Turn On and
Turn off Purpose. Relay is driven by 12V supply.
3.5 Display Unit
The display section is used to display the output from the
microcontroller i.e. the count of the persons inside the conference hall. The display
section contain 7-segment display unit. The display circuit consists of three S4301B
common Cathode display. The output of µC from port 1 is connected to the
a,b,c,d,e,f,g of the three 7- segment of display provided. It is switched into action
by the port 3 via. a transistor. The display can show up to 999, but here as it is used
for a conference hall we use to display only up to a count of 199. The display
common point 3, 8 is connected to + 5V. The 220 ohm resistors are used for current
limiting applications.
A single byte can encode the full state of a 7-segment-display. The
most popular bit encodings are gfedcba and abcdefg - both usually assume 0
is off and 1 is on. This table gives the hexadecimal encodings for displaying the
digits 0 to 9:
8DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
Digit gfedcba abcdefg a b c d e f g
0 0x3F 0x7E on on on on on on off
1 0x06 0x30 off on on off offoff
off
2 0x5B 0x6D on on off on onoff
on
3 0x4F 0x79 on on on on offoff
on
4 0x66 0x33 off on on off off on on
5 0x6D 0x5B onoff
on on off on on
6 0x7D 0x5F onoff
on on on on on
7 0x07 0x70 on on on off offoff
off
8 0x7F 0x7F on on on on on on on
9 0x6F 0x7B on on on on off on on
3.6 Motor & Its Driver Unit
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This section consists of a DC Motor and a LM 293 IC.
The L293 is a quadruple high-current half-H driver. The L293 is designed to
provide bidirectional drive currents of up to 1 A at voltages from 4.5 V to 36 V.
L293 are designed to drive inductive loads such as relays, solenoids, dc and bipolar
stepping motors, as well as other high current/high-voltage loads in positive-supply
applications. The L293 is characterized for operation from 0°C to 70°C. It has four
op-amps which can drive up to four motors and also can work as bidirectional DC
motor control. This device is driven by the output from port 3 of the micro
controller. It is powered by +5V. Here in this case we work this as a bidirectional
DC motor control IC as shown in the fig. This IC drives the motor in both direction
for opening and closing of the door. Motor is driven by +12V supply voltage.
Fig 3.6.1
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4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
4.1 Main Circuit Diagram
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Fig 4.1
4.2 IR Transmitter Circuit
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MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
Fig. 4.2 Transmitter circuit
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4.3 Power Supply
7812
VIN VOUT
+230v,50Hz
2.2k
22uf
6
3
6
2
1
470uf
7805
VIN VOUT
10uf
2.2k
2
1 3
+++
Fig. 4.3 Power Supply
14DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
5. WORKING OF THE SYSTEM
The power supply provides regulated D.C
voltage to the circuit where +5V is given to the µC, L293, LM555D and common
cathode display and +12 is given to the relay and motor. At first Reset the micro-
controller, for this capacitor connected in the 9th (RESET) pin should charge and
discharge and this change take place through R3 resistor. Due to this discharge high
pulse is applied to RESET pin and thus micro-controller resets. The transmitter
emits IR rays which fall on the TSOP at the receiver. As soon as a person cut the
transmitted IR rays, the rays falling in the receiver i.e. TSOP 1738 gets interrupted
and its O/P goes high which is connected to a 555 IC .The O/P from the 555 is
connected to the port 3 of the micro controller. In both transmitter and receiver
section 555 is configured to function in monostable mode.
Transmission circuit is used to generate the
modulated 36 kHz IR signal. Now we adjust the preset in the transmitter to get a 38
kHz signal at the O/P and at around 1.4K we get a 38 kHz signal. This signal is
projected into the TSOP embedded in the receiver circuit.
The output goes high when the there is an
interruption in the IR falling on the TSOP and it return back to low after the time
period determined by the capacitor and resistor in the circuit i.e. around 3 second.
The output from the TSOP is connected to the trigger pin2 of the 555 IC via.
SL100 transistor. SL100 is to trigger the IC 555 which is configured as monostable
multivibrator. In the monostable mode, the 555 timer acts as a “one-shot” pulse
generator. The pulse begins when the 555 timer receives a signal at the trigger input
from TSOP that falls below a third of the voltage supply. The width of the pulse is
determined by the time constant of an RC network, which consists of
a capacitor (C) and a resistor (R). The pulse ends when the charge on the C equals
2/3 of the supply voltage i.e. when TSOP O/P goes low. Output of 555 IC is given
to the Port 3 of the microcontroller. As a person cuts both the sensors in forward
direction the counter gets incremented by one or if it occurs in opposite direction
the counter gets decremented by one. The output of the counting is displayed in the
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Common Cathode display provided which is connected to port1 of the
microcontroller. It displays up to a count of 199.
The microcontroller does the rest with the program
written on it. The program is written according to the algorithm developed, which is
given below,
Algorithm
1) Start
2) Check Sensor 1(S1) or Sensor 2(S2) is high
3) If S1 or S2 is high open the door
4) Check which sensor is high, if S1 is high wait for S2 to become high, go to STEP 6
5) Else, if S2 is high wait for S1 to become high, go to STEP 9
6) If S2 is high, count increment & switch ON the room devices
7) Delay, door close, go to STEP 1.
8) If S1 is not high, no changes, delay, door close, go to STEP 1.
9) If S1 is high, count decrement, if count= =0, room devices off, delay, door close, go
to STEP 1.
10) If else S1 is low, no change, delay, door close.
In case if a person holds in the position between the
transmitter and receiver the door stays in the opened position, since the O/P of
TSOP goes high. Also, if a person obstructs the first sensor and does not cut the
second one the door opens at the time of interruption and closes as soon as he
leaves without a change in the counting output.
The motor is provided for the purpose of opening and closing of the
door. It is controlled using a L293 IC which is capable of working it in both
directions. The IC L293 is driven by the O/P from the port 3 of the microcontroller.
The IC is powered by regulated +5V from 7805 IC and motor is driven by +12V.
16DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
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6. COMPONENTS LIST
Microcontroller – AT89S52
IC – 7805 , LM555D
IR LED
Sensor – TSOP 1738 (Infrared Sensor)
Transformer – 6-0-6, 1 A
Resistors
Capacitor – (1000 µF,47 µF,1 µF),25V
Disc capacitor – 0.1µF
Relay Driver - (12V,1A)
Rectifier diode – IN4007,1N4148
Transistor – BC 547, SL 100
7-Segment Display – S4301B
Motor driver – L293
DC Motor
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7. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
7.1 TRANSMITTER CIRCUIT
The transmitter circuit is framed using two main
components:-
1. 555 timer IC is configured to function as a basic monostable multivibrator.
2. IR LED to emit IR rays at 38 kHz.
A monostable multivibrator is a timing circuit that
changes state once triggered, but returns to its original state after a certain time delay.
It got its name from the fact that only one of its output states is stable. It is also
known as a 'one-shot’. In this circuit, a negative pulse applied at pin 2 triggers an
internal flip-flop that turns off pin 7's discharge transistor, allowing C4 to charge up
through R12. At the same time, the flip-flop brings the output (pin 3) level to 'high'.
When capacitor C4 as charged up to about 2/3 Vcc, the
flip-flop is triggered once again, this time making the pin 3 output 'low' and turning
on pin 7's discharge transistor, which discharges C4 to ground. This circuit, in effect,
produces a pulse at pin 3 whose width t is just the product of R12 and C4, i.e.,
t=R12C4. IR Transmission circuit is used to generate the modulated 36 kHz IR
signal. The IC555 in the transmitter side is to generate 36 kHz square wave. Adjust
the preset in the transmitter to get a 38 kHz signal at the O/P around 1.4K we get a
38 kHz signal. Then you point it over the sensor and its O/P will go low when it
senses the IR signal of 38 kHz. +5V is connected to the Reset pin 4 and 1N4148 is
provided to introduce a delay in between ON & OFF time.
7.2 AT 89C51 MICROCONTROLLER
The AT 89C51 is an 8-bit microcontroller with four ports (32
I/O lines), two 16-bit timers/counters, on chip oscillator and clock circuitry. Power-
on-reset is achieved by connecting a 10µF capacitor and a 10K resistor to Pin 9
(Reset) of the Micro-controller. During reset condition, program counter of the micro
18DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
controller is initialized as ‘0000H’. Hence the micro-controller must reset as soon as
the circuit is switched on because the starting address of the program in the memory
is 0000H. This requirement ends in the application of a POWER ON RESET circuit.
For this the Reset pin must keep in logic High level for
some time and this logic high level must be removed after sometime. An RC network
can satisfy this requirement. The R-C network is connected across the power supply
rails. And the mid-point of the RC network is connected to the RESET pin of the
micro-controller. For manual Reset Function push switches are connected across
positive rail RESET pin. The timing clock is generated with the help of a crystal. The
both ends of the crystal are connected to the X1 and X2 pins [18 and 19] of the AT
89C51.Typically, a quartz crystal and capacitors are employed. The crystal frequency
is the basic internal clock of frequency of the micro-controller. The manufactures
make available 89C51 designs that can run at specified maximum and minimum
frequencies, typically 1MHZ to 16MHZ. Minimum frequencies imply that some
internal memories are dynamic and must always operate above a minimum frequency
or data will be lost. Serial data communication needs often dictate the frequency of
the oscillator. The time to execute a particular instruction is than found by
multiplying C by 12 and dividing the product by crystal frequency.
Tinst = ¿C x 12d)÷(Crystal frequency) In this crystal, two disc capacitors are
connected in series with ground. These capacitors are used to initial resonance circuit
for crystals are used for noise free oscillations of crystal. Each oscillation produced
in this way will reach each register and then to the EPROM. At the time of each
oscillation, data’s included in each register (software program) will active.
7.3 RECEIVER CIRCUIT
The receiver circuit is framed using two main
components:-
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MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
1. 555 IC working in monostable mode.
2. TSOP 1738 working as IR receiver.
The IR transmitter will emit modulated 38 kHz IR signal and at
the receiver we use TSOP1738 (Infrared Sensor). The output goes high when the
there is an interruption in the rays falling on TSOP and it return back to low after the
time period determined by the capacitor (C10) and resistor (R14) in the circuit. That
is around 3 second. SL100 is used to trigger the 555 which is configured as
monostable multivibrator. The collector of the SL100 transistor is connected to the
pin 2 of 555.
Output of 555 IC is given to the Port 3 of the microcontroller.
7.4 DISPLAY UNIT
The display unit is composed of three 7-
Segment LED display. It works according to the output from the port 1 of the 89C51.
It is powered by +5V from the regulated power supply provided by 7805 IC. The
VCC to the 7-Segment display is connected through a transistor BC547 and through
the resistors (R4, R5, and R6 for the corresponding display) which are connected to
the collectors of the transistors. The emitter of the transistor is connected to the point
taken from the internally shortened pins 3 & 8. Port3 is connected to the base of the
transistor through the resistors (R7, R8, and R9 for corresponding display). The
transistor here serves as a switch.
7.5 MOTOR UNIT
The motor section is composed of two main
components:-
1. L 293 IC
2. DC Motor
L293 IC is capable of driving the motors at a time. Here it is
used to drive the motor provided in both directions. The output from port 3 of the
20DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
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microcontroller is connected to the IC. Pin 4, 5, 12, 13 are grounded. The 1N4007
diodes are provided to prevent the back EMF generated. 9V DC motor is used here
which is powered by +12V supply. According to the events in the transmitter and
receiver section the motor is driven by the IC according to the instructions of µC.
7.6 RELAY UNIT
The relay is connected with a +12V power supply. The O/P from port
3 of the microcontroller is connected to the base of the transistor BC547. The emitter
of the transistor is grounded. When the base of the transistor goes high its O/P goes
high, switching the relay. 1N4007 diode is provided to prevent the back EMF of the
circuit. The relay switches the room devices ON or OFF. It switches on even if a
single person resides inside the room and if all the persons leave the room, it
switches OFF all the room devices.
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8. PCB LAYOUT
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9. PCB FABRICATION
Designing of PCB is a major step in the
production of PCB is a major. It forms a distinct factor in electronic performance
and reliability. The productivity of a PCB, its assembly and service ability also
depends on the design. The designing of a PCB consists of designing of the layout
followed by the preparation of the artwork. The layout should include all the
relevant aspects an details of the PCB design while the art work preparation brings
it to the form required for the production process. The layout x can be designed
with the help of any one of the standard layout edition software’s such as Eagle,
Orcad or Edwin XP. Hence a concept, clearly defining all the details of the circuits
and partly of the equipment, is a perquisite and the actual layout can start.
Depending on the accuracy required, the artwork might be produced a 1:1 or 2:1
even 4:1 scale. It is best prepared on a 1:1 scale.
PCB fabrication involves the following steps:-
a) First the layout of the PCB is generated using the software ORCAD. First step
involves drawing the circuit CIS which is a section of ORCAD. Then the layout is
obtained using layout plus. This layout is printed on a paper.
b) This printed layout is transferred to a Mylar sheet and touched with black ink.
c) The solder side of the Mylar sheet is placed on the shining side of the copper board
and is placed in a frame. It is than exposed to sunlight, with the Mylar sheet facing
the sunlight.
d) The exposed copper board is put in hydrogen peroxide solution. It is then put in hot
water; shook till unexposed region becomes transparent.
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MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
e) This is put in cold water and then the rough side is struck in to the skill screen. This
is then pressed and dried well.
f) The plastic sheet of the five - star is removed leaving the pattern on the screen.
g) A copper clad sheet is cut to the size and cleaned. This is then placed under the
screen.
h) Acid resist ink is spread on the screen, So that the pattern of the tracks and pad is
obtained on the copper clad sheet. It is dried.
i) The dried sheet is then etched using ferric chloride solution till all the unwanted
copper is etched away.
j) The unwanted resist ink is removed using sodium hydroxide solution, holes are
then drilled.
k) The components are soldered neatly on the board without dry soldering.
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10. FLOW CHART
Start
Sensor1==0,Sensor
2==0
Door Closed
NO
Door Open
YES
If Sensor1== HIGH
If Sensor 1or Sensor 2
is HIGH
If Sensor2==HIGH
If Sensor1==HIGH
NO
YES
CounterIncremented by
1,Room Devices ON
YES
If Sensor2==HIGH
Delay
CounterDecrement by 1
YES
NO
YES
Delay
Door Closed
NO
IfCounter==0
Room Devices Off
YES
YES
NO
Fig. 10.1 Flow Chart
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MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
11. PROGRAM
STARTUP
DIS_A EQU P1.5
DIS_B EQU P1.4
DIS_C EQU P1.3
DIS_D EQU P1.1
DIS_E EQU P1.2
DIS_F EQU P1.6
DIS-G EQU P1.7
DIS1 EQU P3.3
DIS2 EQU P3.4
DIS3 EQU P3.5
LDR1 EQU P3.0
LDR2 EQU P3.1
BUZZER EQU P1.0
LIGHT EQU P3.2
MOT1 EQU P2.0
MOT2 EQU P2.1
LIMT EQU P2.2
LIMT1 EQU P2.3
DSEG ; This is internal data memory
ORG 20H ; Bit addressable memoryBITS: DS 1UP BIT BITS.0DWN BIT BITS.1COUNT: DS 1SPEED: DS 1VALUE _1: DS 1VALUE _2: DS 1VALUE _ 3: DS 1COUNTER: DS 1STACK: DS 1 ; Stack begins hereDST: DS 1
26DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
CSEG ; Code begins here ;-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ; PROCESSOR INTERRUPT AND RESET VECTORS ;---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORG 00H ; Reset JMP MAIN ORG 000BH ; Timer Interrupt0 JMP REFRESH
;&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&; MAIN PROGRAM;&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
MAIN: CLR BUZZER
MOV SPEED, # 00H MOV COUNT, #00H
MOV VALUE_1, #00H MOV VALUE_2, #00H MOV VALUE_3, #00H
MOV COUNTER, #00H MOV DST, #03H CLR MOT1 CLR MOT2 CLR LIMT CLR LIMT1
CLR LIGHT
CLR DIS1 CLR DIS2 CLR DIS3
MOV TMOD, #01H ; enable timer0 for scanningMOV TLO, #00HMOV THO, #0FDHSETB ETOSETB EA
SETB TRO
AJMP ZAZA
ASSA: AJMP ASAA
ZAZA: SETB LIMT1
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JNB LIMT1, OK1 CALL DELAYCALL DELAYCALL DC
OK1: SETB LDR1JNB LDR1, ASSACALL DPCALL DELAYSETB LDR2JNB LDR2, $
;&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&; UP COUNTER;&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
SETB BUZZERINC COUNTERCJNE R5, #00H, LOOP1AJMP LOOP2
LOOP1: SETB LIGHT LOOP2: MOV R5, COUNTER DOIT: MOV A, #10
CLR CSUBB A, R5JC ZX1JZ AQ1INC VALUE_1AJMP CVC
AQ1: MOV VALUE_2, #01HMOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVC
ZX1: MOV A, #20CLR CSUBB A, R5JC ZX2JZ AQ2INC VALUE_1AJMP CVC
AQ2: MOV VALUE_2, #02HMOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVC
ZX2: MOV A, #30CLR CSUBB A, R5JC ZX3JZ AQ3INC VALUE_1AJMP CVC
28DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
AQ3: MOV VALUE_2, #03HMOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVC
ZX3: MOV A, #40CLR CSUBB A, R5JC ZX4JZ AQ4INC VALUE_1AJMP CVC
AQ4: MOV VALUE_2, #04HMOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVC
ZX4: MOV A, #50CLR CSUBB A, R5JC ZX5JZ AQ5INC VALUE_1AJMP CVC
AQ5: MOV VALUE_2, #05HMOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVC
ZX5: MOV A, #60CLR CSUBB A, R5JC ZX6JZ AQ6INC VALUE_1AJMP CVC
AQ6: MOV VALUE_2, #06HMOV VALUE_1, #00H
AJMP CVC
ZX6: MOV A, #70CLR CSUBB A, R5JC ZX7JZ AQ7INC VALUE_1AJMP CVC
AQ7: MOV VALUE_2, #07HMOV VALUE-1, #00HAJMP CVC
29DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
ZX7: MOV A, #80CLR CSUBB A, R5JC ZX8JZ AQ8INC VALUE_1AJMP CVC
AQ8: MOV VALUE_2, #08HMOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVC
ZX8: MOV A, #90CLR CSUBB A, R5JC ZX9JZ AQ9INC VALUE_1AJMP CVC
AQ9: MOV VALUE_2, #09HMOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVC
ZX9: MOV A, #100CLR CSUBB A, R5JC ZX10JZ AQ10INC VALUE_1AJMP CVC
AQ10: MOV VALUE_3, #01HMOV VALUE_2, #00HMOV VALUE-1, #00HAJMP CVC
ZX10: MOV A, COU NTERCLR CSUBB A, #100JZ AQQ1JC ZXX1MOV R5, AAJMP DOIT
AQQ1: MOV VALUE_3, #02HMOV VALUE_2, #00HMOV VALUE-1, #00HAJMP CVC
30DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
ZXX1: MOV VALUE_1, #00HMOV VALUE_2, #00HMOV VALUE_3, #OOH
CVC;&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
CALL DELAYCLR BUZZERJB LDR2, $AJMP ZAZA
ZAZAA: JMP ZAZAASAA: SETB LDR2
JNB LDR2, ZAZAACALL DPCALL DELAYSETB LDR1JNB LDR1
;&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&; DOWN COUNTER;&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
SETB BUZZERDEC COUNTERCJNE R5, #00H, LOOP4CLR LIGHT
LOOP4: MOV R5, COUNTERMOV A, R5INC ACJNE A, #00H, DOIT1MOV VALUE_1, #00HMOV VALUE_2, #00HMOV VALUE_3, #00HMOV COUNTER, #00HAJMP CVCV
DOIT1: MOV A, #10
CLR CSUBB A, R5JC AZX1JZ AAQ1MOV R6, VALUE_1CJNE R6, #00H, GHGMOV VALUE_2, #00HMOV VALUE_1, #09H
31DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
AJMP CVCV
GHG: DEC VALUE_1
AJMP CVCVAAQ1: MOV VALUE_2, #01H
MOV VALUE-1, #00HAJMP CVCV
AZX1: MOV A, #20CLR CSUBB A, R5JC AZX2JZ AAQ2MOV R6, VALUE_1CJNE R6, #00H, GHG1MOV VALUE_2, #01HMOV VALUE_1, #09HAJMP CVCV
GHG1: DEC VALUE_1
AJMP CVCV AAQ2: MOV VALUE_2, #02H
MOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVCV
AZX2: MOV A, #30CLR CSUBB A, R5JC AZX3JZ AAQ3MOV R6, VALUE_1CJNE R6, #00H, GHG2MOV VALUE_2, #02HMOV VALUE_1, #09HAJMP CVCV
GHG2: DEC VALUE_1
AJMP CVCV AAQ3: MOV VALUE_2, #03H
MOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVCV
AZX3: MOV A, #40CLR CSUBB A, R5
32DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
JC AZX4JZ AAQ4MOV R6, VALUE_1CJNE R6, #00H, GHG3MOV VALUE_2, #03HMOV VALUE_1, #09HAJMP CVCV
GHG3: DEC VALUE_1
AJMP CVCVAAQ4: MOV VALUE_2, #004H
MOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVCV
AZX4: MOV A, #50CLR CSUBB A, R5JC AZX5JZ AAQ5MOV R6, VALUE_1CJNE R6, #00H, GHG4MOV VALUE_2, #04HMOV VALUE_1, #09HAJMP CVCV
GHG4: DEC VALUE_1
AJMP CVCVAAQ5: MOV VALUE_2, #05H
MOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVCV
AZX5: MOV A, #60CLR CSUBB A, R5JC AZX6JZ AAQ6MOV R6, VALUE_1CJNE R6, #00H, GHG5MOV VALUE_2, #05HMOV VALUE_1, #09HAJMP CVCV
GHG5: DEC VALUE_1
AJMP CVCVAAQ6: MOV VALUE_2, #06H
33DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
MOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVCV
AZX6: MOV A, #70CLR CSUBB A, R5JC AZX7JZ AAQ7MOV R6, VALUE_1CJNE R6, #00H, GHG6MOV VALUE_2, #06HMOV VALUE_1, #09HAJMP CVCV
GHG6: DEC VALUE_1
AJMP CVCVAAQ7: MOV VALUE_2, #07H
MOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVCV
AZX7: MOV A, #80CLR CSUBB A, R5JC AZX8JZ AAQ8MOV R6, VALUE_1CJNE R6, #00H, GHG7MOV VALUE_2, #07HMOV VALUE_1, #09HAJMP CVCV
GHG7: DEC VALUE_1
AJMP CVCVAAQ8: MOV VALUE_2, #08H
MOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVCV
AZX8: MOV A, #90CLR CSUBB A, R5JC AZX9JZ AAQ9MOV R6, VALUE_1CJNE R6, #00H, GHG8MOV VALUE_2, #08HMOV VALUE_1, #09H
34DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
AJMP CVCV GHG8: DEC VALUE_1
AJMP CVCVAAQ9: MOV VALUE_2, #09H
MOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVCV
AZX9: MOV A, #100CLR CSUBB A, R5JC AZX10JZ AAQ10MOV R6, VALUE_1CJNE R6, #00H, GHG9MOV VALUE_3, #00HMOV VALUE-2, #09HMOV VALUE_1, #09HAJMP CVCV
GHG9: DEC VALUE_1
AJMP CVCVAAQ10: MOV VALUE_3, #01H
MOV VALUE_2, #00HMOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVCV
AZX10: MOV A, COUNTERCLR CSUBB A, 100JZ AAQQ1JC AZXX1MOV R5, AMOV A, COUNTERCJNE A, #199, JKJKMOV VALUE_3, #01H
JKJK: AJMP DOIT1
AAQQ1: MOV VALUE_3, #02HMOV VALUE_2, #00HMOV VALUE_1, #00HAJMP CVCV
35DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
AXZZ1: MOV VALUE_1, #00HMOV VALUE_2, #00HMOV VALUE_3, #00H
CVCV:;&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
CALL DELAYCLR BUZZERJB LDR1, $AJMP ZAZA
;&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&; 7 SEGMENT DISPLAY;&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
DISP: MOV R2, SPEEDCJNE R2, #00H, AAS1CLR DIS-ACLR DIS-B
CLR DIS-CCLR DIS-DCLR DIS-ECLR DIS-FSETB DIS-GRET
AAS1: CJNE R2, #01H, AS2 CLR DIS_B
CLR DIS_C SETB DIS_A
SETB DIS_DSETB DIS_ESETB DIS_FSETB DIS_GRET
AS2: CJNE R2, #02H, AS3 CLR DIS_A
CLR DIS_BCLR DIS_DCLR DIS_G
SETB DIS_CSETB DIS_FRET
36DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
AS3: CJNE R2, #03H, AS4 CLR DIS_A
CLR DIS_BCLR DIS_CCLR DIS_DCLR DIS_G
SETB DIS_ESETB DIS_FRET
AS4: CJNE R2, #04H, AS5 CLR DIS_B CLR DIS_C
CLR DIS_FCLR DIS_G
SETB DIS_ASETB DIS_DSETB DIS_ERET
AS5: CJNE R2, #05H, AS6 CLR DIS_A CLR DIS_C
CLR DIS_DCLR DIS_FCLR DIS_G
SETB DIS_BSETB DIS_ERET
AS6: CJNE R2, #06H, AS7 CLR DIS_A CLR DIS_C
CLR DIS_DCLR DIS_ECLR DIS_FCLR DIS_GSETB DIS_BRET
AS7: CJNE R2, #07H, AS8 CLR DIS_A CLR DIS_B
CLR DIS_CSETB DIS_DSETB DIS-E
37DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
SETB DIS_FSETN DIS_GRET
AS8: CJNE R2, #08H, AS9 CLR DIS_A CLR DIS_B
CLR DIS_CCLR DIS_DCLR DIS_ECLR DIS_FCLR DIS_GRET
AS9: CJNE R2, #09H, AS10 CLR DIS_A CLR DIS_B
CLR DIS_CCLR DIS_DCLR DIS_FCLR DIS_GSETB DIS_ERET
AS10: MOV SPEED, #00HAJMP DISP
;&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
REFRESH:INC COUNTMOV R4, COUNT
QA1: CJNE R4, #01H, QA2MOV SPEED, VALUE_1SETB DISICLR DIS2CLR DIS3CALL DISPAJMP DOWN
QA2: CJNE R4, #02H, QA3MOV SPEED, VALUE_2CLR DIS1SETB DIS2CLR DIS3CALL DISPAJMP DOWN
38DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
QA3: CJNE R4, #03H, QA4MOV SPEED, VALUE_3CLR DIS1CLR DIS2SETB DIS3CALL DISPAJMP DOWN
QA4: MOV COUNT, #01HMOV R4, COUNTAJMP QA1
DOWN : MOV TL0, #0FFH ; reload the timer for scanningMOV TH0, #0F2HRETI
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
DELAY: MOV R1, #OFFH
RE1: MOV R2, #5FHRE: NOP
DJNZ R2, REDJNZ R1, RE1
RET; DOOR OPENINGDP: SETB MOT1
SETB LIMTJNB LIMT, $CLR MOTIRET
; DOOR CLOSING DC: SETB MOT2
SETB LIMT1JNB LIMT1, $CLR MOT2RET
END
39DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
12. ADVANTAGES
Advantages
It is low cost and user friendly.
Since it switches OFF the room devices as soon as the persons
occupying the room leave, it functions as a power saver.
It automatically sets as a status symbol luxury aid.
40DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
13. DISADVANTAGES
Disadvantages
It can be applied only when a single person cuts the sensor, hence it
cannot be used when two or a crowded number of persons cross
simultaneously at a same instant.
It must be implemented with a digital code lock or a finger print
analyzer to filter the required personals into the conference hall
otherwise any one can enter.
41DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
14. APPLICATION
Application
It can be used in boats with additional safety feature such, the no. it
counts is set to a specific value & when exceeds the limit it alarms.
It can be used as a luxuries aid in Star Hotels, Airports and Trains or
as a helping aid in the toilet of old agers.
A little modified form of this project can control room devices
according to the no. of persons occupying the room.
42DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
15. CONCLUSION
In our present day life style we are looking for more and more hands
free equipments. This project “INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL” proves to be
very useful not only for the use in a conference hall but also it can be implemented as
helping aid for blinds and old agers in their usual life. This project is less costly and
easy to implement in our daily life both in the case of luxury as well as for our daily life
system. In case of very high security conference sessions this circuit can be
implemented with addition of some security feature and hence safety too can be assured.
The heart of this project is AT89C51 micro-controller. The working of this system is
very accurate and error free.
16. BIBLIOGRAPHY
43DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
Reference Books
Programming in ANSI C: E Balaguruswamy.
The 8051microcontroller and embedded systems: Muhammad Ali
Mazidi, Janice Gillespie Mazidi.
The 8051 microcontroller: Kenneth J. Ayala.
Website
www.datasheets4u.com
www.8051.com
www.atmal.com
44DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA
MINI PROJECT 2010 INTELLIGENT CONFERENCE HALL
APPENDIX
45DEPARTMENT OF E&C MZC, KADAMMANITTA