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CAPT Paul A. Cruz, USNPMS480, PEO LMWWashington Navy Yard, [email protected]
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SmallArms
EODMCM
RAMICSOASISAMNS
AN/AQS-20ALMDS
PMSMSSPMSMSS
PMSUUVPMSUUV
MMS
LD MRUUV
LMRS
SAHRV
SUW
RMS
NavalCoastal Warfare
ShipboardProtectionSystems
ADS
MK65Mine
PMSNSWPMSNSW
PMSMIWPMSMIW
PMSLCS MM
PMSLCS MM
PMSEODPMSEOD
PMSAT/FPPMS
AT/FP
ASW
HMU
SDV
Small UUV
Non-LethalDevices
Littoral Combat Ship Mission Modules
AdvancedDevelopmentUUV
MIWJointServiceEOD /JCREW
SpecialPrograms
SURTASSFDS
Program Executive Office Littoral and Mine Warfare
Program Executive Office Littoral and Mine Warfare
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Force Protection AfloatTamil Tigers Video
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Force Protection Afloat
Agenda
Understanding the Problem
Post-COLE Force Protections Afloat Initiatives
Today’s Force Protection Afloat Status
Force Protection Future Needs
Summary
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Force Protection AfloatUnderstanding the Problem
Wide Spectrum of Scenarios and ConditionsUnderway to Restricted Maneuvering to Moored/AnchoredInport CONUS Naval Installation to Inport OverseasOverseas - Varying Levels of Host Nation Support
Different Naval Organizations and Ship Classes
Multiple Threat VectorsSurface, Land and WaterUnderwaterAir
Determining Intent
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Force Protection Afloat – Post COLEUSS COLE Attack 12 Oct 2000
DOD USS COLE Commission – 24 OctResource / Dedicate AT/FP StaffVulnerability AssessmentsIncreased Funding and Filling of GapsEquipment and Future Technology Identified/Deployed
COLE Survivability Review Group (SRG) (NAVSEA)
SurvivabilityForce Protection
Task Force Hip Pocket Oct 2002Enhance both near-term and mid-term capability in surface ships to defeat small boat threat
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Task Force Hip Pocket
•Completed 25mm Demo (DECATUR/HOWARD)• BB round validation testing at Dahlgren• IROS3 testing at NAS Pax River
• Developed BB round requirements• EX-45 & Mk 98 delivered to HSV-2• IROS3 install in RAMAGE
May 03
Jun 03
Oct 02 Mar 03
• TF Hip Pocket VTC• Ordered 200 Twin 50 cals/Refurbish 60 MK 44 GAU 17s) • Stabilized 25mm land-based demo• IROS3 land-based demo
Apr 03
Jul 03 • IWS Preparing 25mm requirements• BB Round at Sea testing – 30 Jul
• IROS3 Live-fire in VACAPES• 25mm requirements (draft)
Aug 03
•Deployed •Crew Served Weapons
•Twin .50 cal, GAU-17, 40mm Grenade Launcher•Flash Bang Munitions
•Improved 5 inch munitions – BB round (4,000 rounds)
04-05
ShipboardProtection SystemProgram of Record • CIWS 1B Expansion
• Stabilized Mk 38—Gapfiller for CIWS 1B
Task Force Hip Pocket
Results
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Post COLE Force Protection Programs of Record
SPS Command & Control Backbone
Non-Lethal Effectors (2) – PORT / STBD
SPS Electronics
Organic Ship Search RadarAN/SPS-73
Radar Type Independent
Waterline Sensors
ID/Classification Sensor (3)
SPS Control Console(2) – Bridge / CIC
Lethal Effectors (2)- PORT / STBD
MK 49 Mod 0
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Force Protection Afloat – Post COLEAdditional Initiatives -
Tactic, Techniques and Procedures (TTP)
Ashore AT ImprovementsWater BarriersPier Enclave ControlElectronic Harbor Surveillance
System (EHSS)
Maritime Force Protection CommandMobile Security Forces/Embarked
Security Teams
Alert Zone
Exclusion Zone
Situational Awareness Zone 10-15 km
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Force Protection Afloat – Transition
9-11-2001
2 MRC – 2 MTW
PKPE Humanitarian
Assist/Dis-aster Relief
C-Terrorism
C-Piracy
Strategy and capabilities required for Spectrum of Conflict were subsets of
2MRC/MTW force structure
Major Regional Conflict/Major Theater War
Peace–keeping/Enforcement
CP
CT
HA/DR
MajorCombat
OPS
GWOT
HLD/HLS
StabilityOPS
Strategy and capabilities required for post-911 environment are not subsets
of MCO force structure
StrategicDeterrence
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Force Protection Afloat - TodayKEARSARGE Expeditionary Strike Group Rocket Attack Aug 2005
Targeted by Three KatyushaRockets While in Port Jordan
CAPE ST GEORGE/GONZALES – Horn of Africa (HOA) OPS
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Force Protection Afloat - TodayGlobal War on Terrorism (GWOT) Missions
Enhanced Maritime Interdiction Operations
Compliant to Non-Compliant/Surface to Helo?
Naval Expeditionary Combat Command (NECC)
Riverine Group/Squadrons
Expeditionary Security Force (ESF)
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Force Protection Afloat - Future
Needs
Increased Situational AwarenessAll-Weather / 24-7 / Three Dimensional
Non-Lethal to Lethal Engagement Options
Integrated Unmanned SystemsUnmanned Air/Surface Vehicles
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Force Protection Afloat - Future
Needs
ArmoringCrew Served Weapons
RHIBs
Personnel
Innovative Responses Vessel Borne Improvised Explosive Devices (VBIED)
Rocket Propelled Grenades (RPG)
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Force Protection Afloat - Summary
Improved Since COLE…
Looking for Affordable and Effective Solutions to the Needs and Gaps
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Questions?
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Back-Ups
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NDIA Phase 3 SUW Study Goals in Support of N76
Assess the 2012 period to keep pace with the evolving SUW threats by:
Particular emphasis on the littoral asymmetric SUW threatPreventing the saturation of a ship’s force protection systems. Concentrate on the ship’s SUW mission area as an interactive Element of Force-level & Ship Family-of-Systems
Particular attention given to capability gaps related to :Identification of the optimum weapons mix, on a force and platform-level basis, for defeating SUW threats in confined waterways and harbors with minimum collateral damage.The need for a progressive asymmetric threat response (ranging from non-lethal to lethal); including defense against shore-launched as well as surface-launched rockets, artillery, and mortars during SUW engagements.
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USS COLE SRGSurvivability - the capability of the ship to absorb damage and maintain mission integrity. (Ref: OPNAVINST 9070)
The principle subsets of survivability are susceptibility, vulnerability, and recoverability.
Susceptibility - the capability of the ship to avoid and or defeat an attack.
Vulnerability - the capability of the ship to withstand the initial damage effects from threat weapons (asymmetric, conventional or nuclear/chemical/biological) or accidents, and to continue to perform assigned primary warfare missions, and protect the crew from serious injury or death.
Recoverability - the capability of the ship, after initial damage effects, to take emergency action to contain and control damage, prevent loss of a damaged ship, minimize personnel casualties, and restore and sustain primary mission capabilities.
• Detection and Classification• Self-Defense
– Hark Kill (HK)– Soft Kill (SK)
* Countermeasures* Electronic Attack* Tactics/ROE
– HK/SK Integration
• Weapons Effects on Ship– Primary Damage
* Fragmentation* Blast* Shock and Whipping* Flooding
– Secondary Damage* Progressive Flooding * Fire* Smoke
– Cascading Damage– Crew Causalities
• Contain Damage• Prevent Loss of the Ship• Treat and Evacuate Crew
Casualties• Repair and Reconfigure
Equipment/Systems• Continue to Fight
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AT Vision
OCONUSCONUS / FDNF
ExpeditionaryAT (NCW)
Shore AT
ShipboardAT