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Lobby & Pressure Groups
I
Rafa Rubio
Lobby & Pressure Groups
IRafa Rubio
[email protected]: +34 91 57 57 755 2
Index
1. Survival of the fittest or political participation of society2. Social Movement, NGOs and other pressure groups3. Lobby legal-political framework
4. Tools, kinds and pressure groups
5. Campaign planning
6. Evaluation and monitoring
7. Campaign implementation
8. Practical examples
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Index
1. Survival of the fittest or political participation of society
Abraham en su negociación con Dios
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-Por cuanto el clamor contra Sodoma y Gomorra se aumenta más y más, y el pecado de ellos se ha agravado en extremo, descenderé ahora, y veré si han consumado su obra según el clamor que ha venido hasta mí; y si no, lo sabré
-¿Destruirás también al justo con el impío? Quizá haya cincuenta justos dentro de la ciudad: ¿destruirás también y no perdonarás al lugar por amor a los cincuenta justos que estén dentro de él? Lejos de ti el hacer tal, que hagas morir al justo con el impío, y que sea el justo tratado como el impío
-Si hallare en Sodoma cincuenta justos dentro de la ciudad, perdonaré a todo este lugar por amor a ellos
-Quizá faltarán de cincuenta justos cinco; ¿destruirás por aquellos cinco toda la ciudad?
-No la destruiré, si hallare allí cuarenta y cinco.
-Quizá se hallarán allí cuarenta. -No lo haré por amor a los cuarenta
-Quizá se hallarán allí diez.
- No la destruiré, por amor a los diez
Survival of the fittest…
Preassure groups are presented in society as the political arm of large multinationals
Considered as socioeconomic power structures that take advantage of their privilege position to obtain preferential treatment from public authorities
Their usual tools are closer to corruption and favoritism than to the normality of democracy
ExtrasalaryReally Expensive
gifts
Election campaign financing
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… or political participation of societyOpposite to these pressure groups, there are another kind of groups that defend noble causes in the interest of humanity
They are groups that arise spontaneously and defend a series of philanthropic interests: environment, cancellation of foreign debt, Palestinian cause, etc.: they face savage imperialism and capitalism.
These groups use public awareness and don’t have the means to subvert the system
Defended interests and means employed are the elements that may distort the system
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Lobby or pressure group:Legitimation
InequalityInequality
Social Basis
common goodvs.
own interests
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Index
1. Survival of the fittest or political participation of society2. Lobby, Social Movement, NGOs and other pressure groups
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Social Movement, NGOs and other pressure groupsSo, we found several figuras that will share their aim: defend their interests against public power, but not their causes or their means
Social Movements NOGs Unions Think Tank Thought foundations PAC Caecus Pressure Groups
Lobbies ¿Political parties? Law Firms
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Index
1. Survival of the fittest or political participation of society2. Social Movement, NGOs and other pressure groups
Lobby or pressure group
Lobby or pressure group
Group of people that come together in defense of common interests and defend them against the
government outside the electoral path
Government Affairs Political Affairs Corporate
Affairs B2A Political Relations Public Affairs Institutional Relations Political Comunication
Strategic Relations
Lobby: on behalf of thirds
Pressure Group: in their own name
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SetSet
exerting pressure on the authorities, in the interests of his client, in public decision-making
of activities aimed at
Lobby concept
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Index
1. Survival of the fittest or political participation of society2. Social Movement, NGOs and other pressure groups3. Lobby legal-political framework
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Legal – political framework Alternate path to political parties Representation complement? Asociative way? Are ways of doing:
● Public Relations● Lawyer’s Offices● Position oflegislative affairs or legal manager in
NGOs and companies● Company President
Institutional Insertions:
● Councils● Congressional hearings
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Legal – political framework Register (Germany, France)
Access to the Congress: Netherland, France, Finland Legislative path Congressman statute (UK)
Legal – political framework
No law about lobby
In 1978 Manuel Fraga tried to introduce lobby in the Spanish Constitution without succed
77.3 and 77.4 stablished a access right to the interest groups and the legal obligation to regulate though Ley Orgánica
1990 and 1993 Congress passed two proposition to made a law about it, but never developed it.
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EU
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Self regulation (SEAP, Unilever, Burson-Marsteller)
European Code of Good administrative Behaviour, EP 2001, recently adopted by all EU agencies
European Transparency Initiative (ETI) 2005(Commission, Council and Parliament)
European Parlament, Register to access
European Commission (6.08) Voluntary register of Interest Representatives for those seeking to inluence its policy-making.
• (505 vs 2000 entities)• Law firms• June 2009, depthh review:
• Individual lobbysts name• Client spending• Single register for the European Institutions.
EEUU
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First amendemt (Freedom of speech)
1946 (FLA) . De imposible aplicación por la sentencia del Supreme Court
1996 Lobbying Disclosure Act:- Register
- Six months reportsObama new meassures “Revolving door”
Definition
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Any proactive engagement with personnel and members of European institutions with the objective of promoting a particular policy or legislative outcome (SEAP)
Direct lobby, about 5 to 20% of the activitiesStrategic policiesComunicationLegal advise
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Index
1. Survival of the fittest or political participation of society2. Social Movement, NGOs and other pressure groups3. Lobby legal-political framework
4. Tools, kinds and pressure groups
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Kinds of pressure groups
Associations / Unions / Industry – Regional Confederations
Companies / Business Groups
NGOsCommon Good
External Consultants:Legal / Communication / Management / Ex-
political
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Kinds of pressure groups
70 % Industrial Interests
20% Regions, Cities
10% NGOs
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Kinds of lobbying
Lobby Direct Lobbying Top Lobbying Bottom Lobbying
B2B Coalition Building Top Management Negotiation Strategy
Comunication Reputation Management Crisis Management Corporate Social Responsibility Marketing Intelligence
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Index
1. Survival of the fittest or political participation of society2. Social Movement, NGOs and other pressure groups3. Lobby legal-political framework
4. Tools, kinds and pressure groups
5. Campaign planning
Strategy:MessageTeamBudgetTiming
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Campaign planning:strategy
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AproachGeneral interests and
stakeholders
Aims of the campaign
Strategic lines
Feasible Steps
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Campaign Planning:strategy
Prospective: Study the situation, knowledge of reality Prospects analisys in short, medium and large term Position of the public opinion regarding the problem
Quantitative Analisys
Qualitity Analisys
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Campaign Planning:strategy
29
Grasstop• Executive• Legislative• ¿Judiciary?• Political Parties
Grassroot• Public opinion:
• Awareness Campaigns / Action Campaigns
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Spanish Political System Parliamentary
Bicameral Executive depends on the parliamentary majority
Legislative Procedure Legislative iniciative Amendments in committee and plenary
Campaign Planning:strategy
Campaign Planning:Timing
31
Timing
all task have deadlines
determine when to make each of the pressure tactics
Setting the times before the relevant dates can affect the fulfillment of the objectives
Campaign planning:message
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one that
reflected the
ideas, forces and
aspirations that
we have deduced
expressed
emotional and
motivational
Convey
our basic idear of
the campaign
Campaign planning:message
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Must be able to capture people’s attention
Must be transmited with energy, enthusiasm and conviction
It’s exclusive ours
It’s the only thing we want the customers to remember
Should be simple, direct, easy to remember (precise)
Captures our capacity, experience, vision and warmth
Specific: that differenciates us from others
General: so it can be used in different ways
Mixed: give reasons to mind and capture the heart
Segment: Adaptable to diferent groups
Campaign planning:the team
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Few employees devoted to
lecture
Prestigious journalists
engaged in PR
Jurists dedicated to monitoring draft laws
Scientifists devoted to support the
thesis
Prestigious journalists
engaged in PR
Campaign Planning:budget
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Index
1. Survival of the fittest or political participation of society2. Social Movement, NGOs and other pressure groups3. Lobby legal-political framework
4. Tools, kinds and pressure groups
5. Campaign planning
6. Evaluation and monitoring
36
[email protected]: +34 91 57 57 755 [email protected]: +34 91 57 57 755 37
Evalu
ati
on a
nd M
onit
ori
ng
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
Specific indicators
design
Prevention of possible
crisis
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Evaluation and Monitoring
Plan B
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Index
1. Survival of the fittest or political participation of society2. Social Movement, NGOs and other pressure groups3. Lobby legal-political framework
4. Tools, kinds and pressure groups
5. Campaign planning
6. Evaluation and monitoring
7. Campaign implementation
39
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Arguments Symbol Comunication and Presence Masive campaign Personal relationship Traditional Media Advertising Advertise on New
Technologies Result
Campaign implementation:Public opinion campaign
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Campaign implementation:Symbol
LOGO
CLAIM
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Campaign implementation:Symbol
Recognizable
Sentimental
Visible
Social attraction
Financing
Adaptable
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Campaign implementation:Arguments
CLARITY
LEADERS CONTROL
TRAINING
INFLUENTIAL OPINION MAKERS