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An Overview of
Presentation SkillsThey are able because they think they are able.
The suggestion of an a solution to any given problem isknown as presentation.
Role of presentation in business is to gather and exchangeinformation, to influence the organizational process, to create,change and modify work-group identities.
Major elements that go into making an effective businesspresentation are planning, preparing the content, delivery skillsand techniques, and the speakers self-state.
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Planning a Presentation
He who climbs a ladder must begin at the first rung.
Effective presentations are shaped by asking three majorquestions
What is your audience expecting out of this?
What is the goal and purpose of the presentation?
What is the limiting factor within which you have todeliver the presentation?
The Receiver Process is the thought process related withretention of information. This process aims at helping theaudience listen, understand, believe and take action.
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Audience can be analyzed
Demographic information includes
Demographically
Psychographically
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Size of the audience
Gender of the audience
Age of the audience
Sex of the audience
Shared purpose or sense of affiliation
Psychographical information includes
The attitude of your audience
The values and moral concerns of your audience
The level of understanding of your audience
The factors motivating your audience
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Four questions guiding goal analysis are
What is the purpose of this presentation?
What is my stake in the presentation?
What will my company want to happen as a result of thispresentation?
What do I want to happen as a result of this presentation?
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Building the ContentWe judge ourselves by what we feel capable of doing, while
others judge us by what we have already done.
Material for a presentation can be obtained at libraries, throughconversation and discussion, by referring to the latest businessmagazines.
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Mind mapping is a tool used to determine specific information youwill use to convey your themes.
All points in your presentation should be relevant, independent,prioritized and appropriate.
Speech can be organized chronologically, topically, logically,according to difficulty, or according to need-plan.
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Rules for answering questions.
Repeat question
Rephrase question
Postpone irrelevant questions
Do not bluff
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The IntroductionIf a man will begin with certainties he shall end in doubt;
but if he will be content to begin with doubts he shall end incertainties.
The general functions of an introduction include securingattention, establishing goodwill, orientation of the subject to youraudience and making your purpose clear.
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Zingers are of different types including
Key statistics
Quotes
Analogies Visual aids
Humour
Third party
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Positive expectancy includes
Methods to practice well in advance Methods to practice at the last minute
Methods to practice during the presentation
Agenda is the list of items that you intend covering during yourpresentation.
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Designing the Conclusion
After all is said and done, theres a lot more said than done.
The conclusion of your presentation consists of.
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To Successfully review your presentation
Summarize your subject or viewpoint
Repeat your main point
Combine a summary with a repetition
Review
Memorable statement
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Do make the conclusion 10% or less of your total presentation
Do make style consistent with the rest of your presentation
Do thank your audience
Call for action
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Factors Affecting Skills
The best carpenters make the fewest chips.
Factors affecting your presentation skills include
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Credibility
Nervousness
Enthusiasm
Confidence
Rapport with your audience
Professionalism
Psychological reciprocity
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Rapport can be developed by
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Making an effort to get their names right
Eliminating barriers (both psychological and physiological)
Using proper body language
Introducing yourself to your audience
Maintaining good eye contact
Being authentic
Confidence can be developed by regular practice, preparingcontingency questions and answers, recording your presentationsand working on your flaws.
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Your credibility with your audience depends upon
Your intent
Talking to your audience
Using a helper
Your propriety
Your competency
You can reduce your nervousness by
Reducing potential risks
Regular practice
Picturing success
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Verbal Skills
Be slow of tongue and quick of eye.
There are barriers that disturb an effective communicationbetween you and your audience-termed as noise.
Noise can be filtered using the Feedback Process which includes
verbal and non-verbal skills.Verbal skills include articulation, humour, inflection, grammar,language, rate of speech, volume of speech, phonetics, etc.
Verbal pacing is an effective tool, which can be used during your
presentation.Verbal pacing skill can be developed and includes restating-restating of content, restating of theme.
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Non-verbal Skills
A place for everything and everything in place.
Non-verbal communication includes body language (kinesics) voiceand articulation (paralanguage), objects ( clothes and things), paceand time.
Non-verbal communication has some peculiar characteristics:
It is seldom isolated
It affects our relationships
It is believed
It always communicates something
It is bound to the situation
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Body action includes postures, gestures (reinforcing anddescriptive), walking, footwork and facial expression.
Hands in the pocket
Smoking
Chewing gum
Jingling of change in the pockets
Tapping the microphone
Non-verbal skills also include avoidance of certain mannerisms like
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Visual AidsA mans success in business today turns upon his power ofgetting people to believe he has something that they want.
In a presentation, good visual aids help in
Saving time
Creating a better image
Explaining your subject better
Retention of the subject
Creating better impact on your audience
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Visual aids include slides, overheads and flip charts
The type of presentation
The resources available
While using visual aids, care must be taken regarding its
placement, consistency, colours used, etc.
Selection of your visual aids depends upon
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The Environment
Every man has three characters-that which he exhibits, that
which he has, and that which he thinks he has.
Environment plays a major role in making a presentation successful
Using the lectern
Lighting
Acoustics
The room which includes the room size, services, freedom
from distraction
Space to breathe
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The environment of your presentation is affected by various factors
and includes
The entrance
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Different styles of room arrangement have their advantages anddisadvantages.
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Team Presentation
If I lead you may not follow, if I follow you may not lead, soplease just walk besides me.
Objectives of team presentation
Avoid duplication
Order and introductions
Introduction and summary
Responsibility
Content
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Visual aids
Communication
Rehearsal
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Planning
Prepared content
Elements of successful presentation
Delivery skills and techniques
Your self-state