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Fluid power, its application and advantagesDifference between hydraulicBasic pneumatic system Basic hydraulic systemTypes of control valves
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Fluid powerFluid power is the technology that deals with the generation, control and transmission of forces and movement of mechanical element or system with the use of pressurized fluids in a confined system. Both liquids and gases are considered fluids.
The term fluid power applies to both hydraulics and pneumatics. Hydraulics uses pressurized liquid such as petroleum oils and synthetic oils Pneumatic uses compressed air that is released to the atmosphere after performing the work
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How does Fluid Power Work?Pascal's Law expresses the
central concept of fluid power:
"Pressure exerted by a confined fluid acts undiminished equally in all directions."
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Fluid power application
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Advantages of a fluid power system
• Fluid power systems are simple, easy to operate and can be
controlled accurately
• Multifunction control
• Constant force or torque
• Fluid power systems can be used where safety is of vital
importance:
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Pneumatics Hydraulics
Transfer Medium Compressed air Pressurized liquids such as oils
Pressure Level 5-10 bar Upto 200 bar Actuating Forces Can produce low or
medium size forcesSuitable for very high loads
Element Cost Less costly Higher cost compared to similar size of pneumatic elements
Transmission Lines Made up of inexpensive plastic tubings. Only single line is needed to exhaust the air to atmosphere
Made up of metal tube with expensive fittings to withstand high working pressure and to avoid leaks
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Types of control vales
1. Direction control valve
2. Pressure control valves
3. Flow control valves
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Types Of Direction Control Valves
1. Based on construction
Poppet or seat valves Sliding spool valves
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2. Based on the Number of ports
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2/2 Spool Type DC valve
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3/2 Spool Type DC valve
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4/2 spool type DC valve
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Based on methods of actuation
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ProblemIndustrial transport system. When the button switch is pushed, the cylinder will push one of the goods from the shelf onto the transfer belt. When the button switch is released, the cylinder will retract automatically.
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