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Prenatal Development
Weeks 1-40
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ConceptionO Ovum: female cell or eggO Uterus: organ in a woman’s body in
which the baby developsO Sperm: male cellO Conception: when the ovum and the
sperm uniteO Ovum lives up to 24 hours after release
from ovaryO Sperm lives up to 72 hours after release
from male
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Week 1 O The first week is your menstrual
period. O Your pregnancy will be dated from
this:O Most women don't know the precise
moment they have ovulated or conceived.
O Most do remember the first day of their last menstrual period.
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Week 2 O The very end of the second week
marks the release of the egg—ovulation
O At this point in your cycle, your uterine lining is developing under the influence of hormone your body secretes to make it receptive to the fertilized egg.
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Week 3
O Right between weeks two and three (about day 14 of a 28-day cycle) an egg will be released into your fallopian tube—this is called "ovulation."
O Some women can tell when they ovulate by noting mild cramping or pain or increased vaginal discharge.
O Once the egg has been released, it must be fertilized for you to become pregnant.
O The egg is fertilized early in the third week and typically implants in the uterus 6-12 days after ovulation.
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Stages of the Zygote O Zygote is the fertilized eggO Cells will divide at rapid rateO Within 5 days there will be over 500
cells.O Travels down fallopian tube and
attaches to uterusO This stage last only 2 weeksO About the size of a pin head.
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Stage of the EmbryoO Lasts from the time the cells attach
to uterus to week 12. O Embryo: ball of rapidly multiplying
cellsO Almost all of the internal organs
begin to develop during this six-week stage
O Embryo also becomes enclosed in a fluid-filled pouch called the amniotic sac.
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Embryo Key TermsO Placenta: tissue connecting the
embryo to the uterine wall.O Umbilical cord: attaches the embryo
the the placenta.O Amniotic fluid: fluid inside amniotic
sac. Protects the developing baby from falls that a mother might have.
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Week 4O The fertilized egg is a fluid-filled cluster of rapidly multiplying cells. O The egg tunnels into the uterus where it promptly divides into two
parts. O Half the egg attaches to the uterine wall and develops into the
placentaO will transport oxygen and nutrients to your babyO Transports waste products away from your little
O The other half will develop into the embryo, which will later become the fetus.
O During this week the following occurs:O Spinal cord development. A sheet of cells on the back of the embryo
folds in the middle to form a tube that will become the baby's spinal cord.
O Brain section development. At the other end, the tube enlarges to form the brain's major sections.
O What's happening with youO Pregnancy symptomsO Missed period and possible spotting
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Week 5 Your baby’s
growth: Embryo cell layers
What’s happening with you.
O Just a bit bigger than an apple seed. O Embryo' has already divided into
three layersO The top layer: Neural folds create
a tube which will form the front part of brain, the heart which will beat this week, and the spinal cord and back bone
O The middle layer. These cells will produce the circulatory system, bones, most muscles, cartilage, sex organs and kidneys.
O The bottom layer. These cells will form the lungs, intestines and beginnings of the urinary system.
O Missed period. You should have missed your period or have experienced slight spotting.
O Pregnancy symptoms. As your blood flow works to catch up with your rapidly expanding circulatory system, you may experience morning sickness (nausea), and fatigue.
O Unappetizing smells and tastes. It may help to avoid foods with very strong smells or tastes, such as oily or fried foods and spicy dishes. Even strong-smelling cleaners and disinfectants may bother you right now.
O If you aren't experiencing these symptoms, don't be concerned. You may be one of the lucky moms who sail through early pregnancy without feeling nauseous at all.
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Week 6Your baby’s growth Your body
O About the size of a kidney bean.
O Developing this week:O Eye retina is formingO Neural tube O HeartO LimbsO BrainO Larynx and inner earO Neck and lower jawO Facial featuresO OrgansO Placenta
O Breast changes. O Become larger and more
sensitive. O Tingling sensations O Areola may start to darken.
O Weight change.O May have gained two or three
pounds.. O Morning sickness.
O May get worse this week as your hormone levels rise.
O Perfectly normal for nausea to appear at any point of the day or night.
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Week 7 Your baby’s
growth Your body O About 1 inch long. O Fetal digestive system is beginning
to develop. The umbilical cord, has started taking shape. This ropelike cord contains two arteries and a vein. It brings oxygen and nutrients to the embryo and carries away waste products.
O Facial featuresO EarsO EyesO Head O HeartO AirwaysO MouthO Skin
O Weight gainO Morning sicknessO More bathroom
breaksO Increased energy
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Week 8 Your baby’s
growth Your body O Head will become more rounded as
the embryo begins to look more like a baby.
O Body begins to fine-tune its bone, joint and limb development, and tiny finger and toe buds appear.
O Eyelids are formingO NoseO Blood beginning to flowO Digestive tract continues to developO Gonads transform into either testes or
ovariesO EarsO ElbowsO VertebraeO MusclesO Skin
O Rollercoaster of emotions
O Breast enlargement and bigger waistline
O CrampingO First doctor’s visit
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Week 9Your baby’s
growth Your body O About the size of a peapod and
weighs a little less than half an ounce.
O Muscles, nerves and organs are forming.
O Genitals are beginning to develop, but it's still almost impossible to tell on ultrasound whether you're going to have a boy or a girl.
O Increased body growthO DigitsO Digestive system O EyelidsO EarsO Brain
O Increased blood volume
O FatigueO Testing
O CVSO Amniocentesis
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Week 10
Baby’s growth Your body O TeethO Reproductive organsO Nervous systemO Internal organsO IntestinesO Taste budsO EyelidsO Upper lipO Joints
O Still in regular clothes
O Fatigue and nausea
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Week 11
Baby’s growth Your bodyO FingernailsO EarsO GenitaliaO SwallowO KickO BonesO Brain nerve cells connectingO All major organs will be fully
developedO Spinal nervesO Heartbeat
O Uterus expansion O Waist growthO Skin changes:
dark line on abdomen
O Hair and nail changes
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Week 12
Baby’s growth Your body O Had developed a facial
profileO KidneysO PancreasO LiverO Digestive processO BrainO Pituitary gland with begin to
produce hormonesO Hair (lanugo) will appear all
over the body
O Uterus enlargement
O Skin radianceO Skin problemsO Nausea and
fatigue goes awayO Weight gain
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Congrats!O You have concluded the 1st trimester!O All body parts are in place, it will just
continue to grow.
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Stage of the Fetus O 3rd and final stage of prenatal
development O Weeks 9-40O Unborn child is called fetusO Body, head, arms, and legs grow
rapidlyO Organs continue to develop for blood
circulation, breathing, and digestion