Download - PPT Mental Health
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Presented by
Bibith.K.B
Asst Prof
Nehru Arts and Science College
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HEALTH
Health is a state ofcomplex physical, mentaland social well being andnot merely the absence of
disease or infirmityWHO
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MENTAL HEALTH
Mental health is a conditionsubject to fluctuations due tobiological and social factors whichenables the individual drives toform and maintain harmoniousrelations with others and to
participate in constructivechanges in his social and physicalenvironment
WHO
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MENTAL HEALTH Ability to live
With other human beings
Happily
Productively
Without being nuisance
Preston (1943)
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Characteristic of a mentally healthyperson
Free from internal conflict
well adjusted
Able to get along with well with other
Able to form affective relationship Accepts criticism
Not easily upset
Strong sense of self-esteem.
knows himself, needs, problems & goals
Good control over his behaviour. Faces problems
Tries to solve problems intelligently
Ability to cope with stress and anxiety.
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FACTORS INFLUENCING THEMENTAL HEALTH OF A PERSON
Optimism
Adaptability
Perception of reality
Emotional maturity
Recreational pursuit
Positive attitude towards self
Freedom from negativism
Concept of degree of freedom
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Mental Health among men Men have to be tough, men have to e strong.
Weakness is not considered to be masculine.
Research findings have shown that new fathers are alsovulnerable post partum depression.
Young and middle aged men are increasingly hospitalized
for Schizophrenia.
Substance dependencies are common among men
Depression is found to be rising among men than in womenaccording to a study in UK.
In Australia and UK, suicide is higher among males
Physical illness, in particular a life threatening condition, isanother trigger for depression, since it directly impacts amans sense of strength and status.
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Mental Health among Women
In addition to the many pressures placed on women,they must contend with significant gender discriminationand the associated factors of poverty, hunger,malnutrition and overwork.
The most common being anxiety related disorders anddepression
The effects of domestic violence, the effects of sexualviolence; and escalating rates of substance use.
Prevalence rates of depression and anxiety disorders aswell as psychological distress are higher for women thanfor men.
In addition to the higher rates of depression and anxietywomen are much more likely to receive a diagnosis of
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Somatization Disoderand Panic Disorder.
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Mental health among Aged Depression
Mania Organic Mental Disorders like dementia, mainly of
the senile and Alzheimers type
Other organic psychiatric syndromes like delirium
Other psychiatric illness like Anxiety neurosis,phobic neurosis, sleep and appetite disturbances
Schizophrenia in late life Suicidal tendencies. Alcohol and substance use disorders
Adjustment disorders related to the changes of theaging process Psychosomatic illness including emotional reactions
to physical illness. Psychosocial problems arising from personality
changes of old age, family disorganization and
interpersonal difficulties with family members.
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Mental health problems amongsocio economically disadvantaged
The situations of social disadvantages are In children: orphans, destitute, delinquent,
street children, children of prostitutes
Adults: Women deserted by husbands andfamilies, raped women, unmarried mothers,prostitutes.
Men: old, infirm, beggars, addicts Minority groups Migrants, slum dwellers Common psychological reactions associated
with socio economic disadvantages arepersonality disorders, substances abusedisorders, handicaps.
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Common health problems amongrural and urban population
Depressive disorders, generalized anxiety disorder, somatoformdisorders, adjustment disorder and substances abuse disorder.
Great Britain reveals that urban subject have higher rates of alcoholdependent,
Symptoms related to anxiety disorder trauma, cognitive disorderdevelopmental disorder and psychotic disorder as common in urban
and rural areas in United Nation. The prevalence of rate of major depression was higher among
rural(6.7%) than among urban (5.16%) population in the US. Major mental disorder occur more frequently in the deprived urban
area. Community survey of rural and urban population has found that
mental illness prevalence rate due to higher in urban population. Rural area shows higher prevalence rate of traditional illness such
as Dhat, Koro urban areas seen to have illness have reflects the stressors and
modernization because of break-up of joint family in urban areasmore burden of married couples in nuclear families leading to higherrates of mental disorder.
M t l h lth bl
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Mental health problems amongdisaster victims
Disasters are major events of destruction, which are moreoften unexpected. These lead to enormous losses to health,economy and life. These could be man made or natural.Natural disasters include earthquakes, cyclones, floods,landslides, etc whereas manmade disasters include wars,bombings, fire and major road- railway- air- accidents.
Most of the research into the psychological effect of disasterfocused or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
some studies focus on the increase of other disorder
including phobias in the week and month following disasterpanic disorder was after accompanied by agoraphobiafollowing the storms.
PTSD and depression are most common psychologicaleffective of disaster disorder along with anxiety disorder
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Thank You