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postmodernism
AVI 4M1
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First, some background:
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Eurocentric view of the world.
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Kant: Art is concerned with Truth and Beauty, and is universally understood.
Art is an ennobling thing; Truth and Beauty enter the soul of the receptive viewer and make him/her nobler.
Background:
Background: The traditional notion of Western Art:
Hegel: Liberal progressivism: history (Art included) is linear; things inevitably get better.
By this way of thinking, Art improves through history.
European civilization was considered to be the best.
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Background:
Background: Traditional View of Western Art:
- Art makes the viewer nobler through Truth and Beauty;
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Art makes the viewer nobler through Truth and Beauty; The Death of Socrates, David
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Background:
Background: Traditional View of Western Art:
- Art makes the viewer nobler through Truth and Beauty;
- There was one, agreed-upon notion of art; one story; a male story;
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- There was one, agreed-upon notion of art;-one story; -a male story;
Augustus, Roman sculpture
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Background:
Background: Traditional View of Western Art:
- Art makes the viewer nobler through Truth and Beauty;
- There was one, agreed-upon notion of art; one story; a male story;
- Art is earnest, formal and serious;
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- Art is earnest, formal and serious;
Michelangelo Buonarroti, David
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Background:
Background: Traditional View of Western Art:
- Art makes the viewer nobler through Truth and Beauty;
- There was one, agreed-upon notion of art; one story; a male story;
- Art is earnest, formal and serious;
- High Art (fine art) is distinct from low art (craft and folk art).
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“High Art”
“Low Art”
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Background:
Background: Traditional View of Western Art:
- Art makes the viewer nobler through Truth and Beauty;- There was one, agreed-upon notion of art; one story; a male story;
- Art is earnest, formal and serious;
- High Art (fine art) is distinct from low art (craft and folk art).
- Art can be analyzed by using the Elements and Principles of Design.
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- Art can be analyzed by using the Elements and Principles of DesignGericault, Raft of the Medusa.
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Background:
Background: Traditional View of Western Art:
- Art makes the viewer nobler through Truth and Beauty;- There was one, agreed-upon notion of art; one story; a male story;
- Art is earnest, formal and serious;
- High Art (fine art) is distinct from low art (craft and folk art).
- Art can be analyzed by using the Elements and Principles of Design.
Art was made by primarily men, trained in a male-dominated tradition.
Art was usually made for and paid for by men in the “Establishment” (the nobility, the wealthy, the Church, the government, etc).
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Michelangelo Buonarroti,Pieta,
1499, marble
Who made this?
When /where was it made?
What is its message?
For whom was it made?
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Background:
Modernism: While Modernist art
was no longer always made for the Establishment, Avant Garde / Modernist Art hadn’t really changed that much…. -Art still makes the viewer nobler:
through the Truth of the Artist’s vision;
- Still one, agreed-upon notion of art; one story; the male artist’s story;
- Art is still earnest, formal and serious;
-High Art (fine art) is still distinct from low art (craft and folk art).
-Art can still be analyzed by using the Elements and Principles of Design.
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Who made this?
When /where was it made?
What is its message?
For whom was it made?
Piet Mondrian,Composition in Red,
Yellow, Blue and Black,1922, oil on canvas
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Modernism had two threads:
Cold Modernism
Hot Modernism
•Expressionism•Cubism•Abstract Expressionism
•Dadaism•Surrealism•Pop Art
•detached; earnest; serious; formal; high/low art
•Playful, ironic, subversive of serious earnestness; no high/low art•Visual/ optical: the
Elements and Principles of Design fit
•Idea-based / Conceptual: the Elements and Principles of Design don’t fit!
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Hot Modernism
•Dadaism•Surrealism•Pop Art
•Playful, ironic, subversive of serious earnestness; no high/low art•Idea-based / Conceptual: the Elements and Principles of Design don’t fit!
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Hot Modernism’s use of:
• readymades / found objects;
• chance;
• humour / Irony;
• the centrality of the concept,
redefined what art could be…
And lead to and lead to a new tradition in art now known as…
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postmodernism
New forms of Art-making became the norm:- Time-based art: performance, video art, installation art; - Conceptual art (art that may not have any physical form, but rather is purely an idea);
Gary Kosuth, One and Three Chairs, 1965
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The biggest change is that the white, male notion of art is no longer the only one; there are now many stories - as many stories as there are artists and viewers.
Feminist
Developing World
Gay / Lesbian
African-American
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Judy Chicago,
The Dinner Party
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Barbara Kruger,
You Construct Intricate Rituals
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Joyce Wieland,
Reason Over Passion
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Luis Cruz Azaceta,
Car
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Barbara Kruger,
You Construct Intricate Rituals
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Betty Saar,
The Liberation of Aunt Jemima
Who made this?
When /where was it made?
What is its message?
For whom was it made?
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Background:
Postmodernism:
-Art does not make viewers nobler: it rather engages their intellect and imagination;
- there is no agreed-upon notion of art; there are many stories;
- Art is often playful, ironic, satirical;
-There is no clear distinction between high art and low art;
-The Elements and Principles of Designno longer apply as they don’t addressconceptual content or context..
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Deconstruction is necessary in Post Modern art:
Context is the key to deconstruction: context refers to the conditions surrounding
a person or thing.
Deconstruction means ‘taking apart’ art in order to interpret it.
Artworks are meant to be decoded and read.
Since there is no agreed-upon story anymore, many meanings can be derived.
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Context In Post Modernism we consider the context of the artwork, the artist and the viewer / critic and how all these contexts interact to create meanings.
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Context of the Artwork:>Title>Medium>Date (historical context)>Style>Size>Location>Content of artwork
Context of the Artist:>Gender / Race / Sexual orientation> Philosophy / goals / movement> Historical context> Geographical context
Context of the Viewer / Critic:>Gender / Race / Sexual orientation> Philosophy / agenda> Historical context> Geographical context
Deconstruction: