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Planning Your Vegetable Garden
Updated 1/31/2010
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Elements
LocationDesignRecord Keeping
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Location Northern or Southern exposure Six hours of sun a day for sun
loving vegetables – tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, melons, squash, corn
Summer shade for cool season crops – lettuce, spinach, chard
Level plot to prevent runoff and with good vertical drainage
Consider access to water & rain harvest collection sources
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Questions ???
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Design
LayoutCompanion PlantingCrop Rotation
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Layout
SizeWhat to growStyleFencing
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Size
Interest and available time Harvest yield desired
– John Jeavon’s book “How to Grow More Vegetables”
– 100 square foot rule
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What to Grow
What do your family and friends eat?
Try something new
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Style
Consider Access, Workability, and Space
Rows Square/rectangular plots French intensive Pulled beds Raised beds Trellis Containers
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Rows
Single rows of crops separated by wide bands of bare soil
Best for large plots
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Square/Rectangular Plots
Square foot gardening 4’ square, divided into 1’ squares by
staked and string Easily accessible from all sides Planting is based on size of mature
plants Cuts down on watering and weeding Mel Bartholomew’s book “Square Foot
Gardening”
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French IntensiveReduces watering
& weedingUses companion
plantsUses space more
efficiently
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Pulled Beds
Create a deeper bed
without building an enclosure
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If soil has poor drainage that is too difficult to remedy
If garden soil is very heavy (high clay content) or very sandy
If no space available except rooftop or patio
Raised Beds
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Trellis
Control trailing plants
Grow more in less space
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5 gallons or more Vining veggies: cucumbers,
tomatoes, winter squashes, beans Lettuce and other greens
Containers
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More about irrigation at another seminar.....
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Raised Bed Materials
Wood Blocks Stone Aluminum panels Bed lining
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Wood
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Blocks
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Stone
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Aluminum
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Deer Fencing
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Rabbit Fencing
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Javelina Fencing
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Beautifying Fences
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Drawing the Plot Plan
Advantages Save money by not
purchasing excess seeds or transplants
Ensure continuous harvest (succession planting)
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How to Draw the Plan Measure your garden space Trace city or county lot map Plot it on graph paper Sketch circles for individual transplants
and rows for directly sown seeds Strategically place taller vegetables Sketch in the cool-season varieties Sketch a follow-up design with warm-
season crops
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Cool Season Varieties
Germinate and grow at lower temperatures & are not injured by light frost
Generally perform poorly during periods of extended hot temperatures– Bolt and produce flowers– Taste bitter– Peas stop producing pods
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Cool Season VeggiesAsparagus Garlic Pea
Broad bean Horseradish Radish
Broccoli Kale Rhubarb
Brussels sprouts Kohlrabi Shallot
Cabbage Leek Spinach
Collard Onion Turnip
Plants that require cool weather to become established but grow into the warm season:
Onions and Potatoes
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Warm Season Varieties
Do not grow well at temperatures below 50°F
Are killed by frost Will often rot if planted in cold,
damp soil Will have retarded growth &
delayed fruit set with cool weather
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Warm Season Veggies
Cucumber PumpkinEggplant Snap beanLima bean SquashMelons Sweet cornNew Zealand spinach
Sweet potato
Pepper Tomato
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Wishy-Washy Crops
Injured by frost Intolerant of temperatures above
70°FBeet Chard MustardCarrot Chinese
cabbageParsnip
Cauliflower Endive PotatoCelery Lettuce Swiss chard
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Companion Planting
Provide plants that assist in the growth of others by:– Attracting beneficial insects– Repelling harmful insects– Providing nutrients (heavy feeders
vs. light feeders)– Providing shade and/or support
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Companion Planting Chart (sample)
Plant Name Companion To Benefit Incompatible With
Allium – flowering onions, chives, garlic, leeks, onions, shallots
Roses, carrots, tomatoes, fruit trees, other vegetables
Repel aphids, weevils, carrot flies, moles, fruit tree borers
Control rust flies and some nematodes
Protect against red spiders
Protects roses from black spot, mildew, aphids
Peas and beans
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Crop Rotation
Avoid the build-up of pathogens & pests
Balance soil fertility– Replenish nitrogen by planting cover
crops Improve soil structure
– Alternate deep-rooted plants and shallow-rooted plants
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Crop Rotation Chart –1st YEAR
Bed 1 Bed 2 Bed 3 Bed 4
BeansCeleryCornEggplantOnionsPeasPeppersSquashTomatoes
BroccoliBrussels sproutsCabbageCauliflowerLettuceSweet basil
BeetsCarrotsPotatoes *RadishesTurnipsDill
Spread/till in compost or “green manure”.
Plant a cover crop.
See Yankee Gardener Glossary.
* Do not plant potatoes where tomatoes, peppers, or eggplants were growing previously.
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Crop Rotation Chart – 2nd YEAR
Bed 1 Bed 2 Bed 3 Bed 4
Spread/till in compost or “green manure”.
Plant a cover crop.
See Yankee Gardener Glossary.
BeansCeleryCornEggplantOnionsPeasPeppersSquashTomatoes
BroccoliBrussels sproutsCabbageCauliflowerLettuceSweet basil
BeetsCarrotsPotatoes *RadishesTurnipsDill
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Crop Rotation Chart – 3rd YEAR
Bed 1 Bed 2 Bed 3 Bed 4
BeetsCarrotsPotatoes *RadishesTurnipsDill
Spread/till in compost or “green manure”.
Plant a cover crop.
See Yankee Gardener Glossary.
BeansCeleryCornEggplantOnionsPeasPeppersSquashTomatoes
BroccoliBrussels sproutsCabbageCauliflowerLettuceSweet basil
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Crop Rotation Chart – 4th Year
Bed 1 Bed 2 Bed 3 Bed 4
BroccoliBrussels sproutsCabbageCauliflowerLettuceSweet basil
BeetsCarrotsPotatoes *RadishesTurnipsDill
Spread/till in compost or “green manure”.
Plant a cover crop.
See Yankee Gardener Glossary.
BeansCeleryCornEggplantOnionsPeasPeppersSquashTomatoes
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Questions ???
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Record Keeping
WHY??? To learn more about habits &
needs of plants & your garden To have record of what, where,
and how you plant and the results of your efforts
To create a keepsake for your family or future land owner
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What to Record
Crop rotation
Varieties that do well
for you
Particular
problems
Rainfall & Temperatur
e
Monthly water usage
Growing results
Schedules
Pests & critters – helpful & harmful
Weeds
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What You Did When
Soil preparation Planting Weeding Feeding
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Schedules – What Happened When
Bloom time Date crops ripened Arrival of pests
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Kinds of Journals
BinderScrapbookPhoto albumPurchased journalDaily plannerDiary
Index boxShoebox
Large envelope
NotebookComposition BookWater-proof forestry journal
SoftwareOn-line garden journals
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Waterproof Journals
"Rite in the Rain"® Field-Flex Notebooks - paper sheds water
http://www.forestry-suppliers.com
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Free Garden Journal
Download from:http://www.arbico-organics.com/
category/garden-journal
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Questions ???