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Personal SamplersPersonal Samplers
Instructional Goal The participants will see the various methods used to collect personal samples and how that may impact them on the job.
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Personal Sampling SystemsPersonal Sampling Systems
Active samplers
Passive samplers
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Sampling TechniquesSampling Techniques
integrated samples are collected when the sensitivity of an analytical
method requires minimum sample periods or volumes,
when comparison must be made to an 8-hour, time-weighted average
threshold limit value (TLV) an OSHA permissible exposure limit
(PEL).
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Active SamplersActive Samplers
Samplers mechanically collect samples on or into a selected medium. The medium is then analyzed in the laboratory to identify and quantify the contaminant(s) collected.
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Active sampler systemActive sampler system Consists of the Following Components:
An electrically powered pump to move the contaminated air.
A sampler consisting of an appropriate sampling medium and a container designed for that medium.
Flexible, nonporous, inert tubing to link the sampler to the pump.
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Passive SamplersPassive Samplers
Advantages of passive samplers is their simplicity calibration and maintenance are
reduced or eliminated Disadvantage
If direct read, errors may occur in observer interpretations.
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Diffusion SamplersDiffusion Samplers
some can be read directly
example, colorimetric length-of-stain tubes
Others require laboratory analysis
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Permeation SamplersPermeation Samplers can identify a single contaminant
within a mixture of airborne contaminants.
uses selective permeation of chemicals through a membrane
some are the direct reading type others require laboratory analysis.
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Personal Sampler Personal Sampler ExamplesExamples
Radiation Dosimeters
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Thermoluminescent Thermoluminescent DosimeterDosimeter
The TLD (Thermoluminescent Dosimeter) badges provide a permanent record of an individual's dose equivalent of beta, gamma, and x-ray radiation.
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Direct-Reading Direct-Reading DosimetersDosimeters are pencil-type devices
that allow personnel to read and evaluate their exposures between TLD readings.
the Chirpy, which is a device that emits "chirps" based on the strength of the radiation field
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The Digital DosimeterThe Digital Dosimeter
a battery-powered direct-reading instrument with a digital read-out in mR
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Personal Sampling PlanPersonal Sampling Plan
must decide what to sample workers move around on the
work area workers perform a variety of
tasks must design efficient data
tracking system
DIFFICULTIESDIFFICULTIES
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PELs ExceededPELs Exceeded
Sample workers who are known to be in the most highly exposed locations.
If the most hazardous locations have not been determined, sample all workers for a week.
Group workers by exposure levels.
Sample some members of each group every week.
Personal Monitoring is required and the following guidelines may be used.