Periodic TrendNuclear charge
atomic size or
radius
ionization energy
electron affinity
electronegativity
metallic character
Reactivity
bonding
characteristics
crystal configurations
acidic properties
densities
Atomic radius
Periodic Properties 02Atomic Radii 02:
Ions and Ionic Radii
Chapter 06 5
Ions and Ionic Radii
Trend of ionic radiiThe cation of an atom decreases in size while
the anion of an atom increases in size.
The trend can not be made according to the periodic table, but by the isoelectronic series.
The more positive an ion is the smaller it is
because Zeff increases, while the more
negative an ion, the larger it is because Zeff
decreases.
Ionization EnergyDefined as the amount of energy necessary
to remove the outermost electron from an isolated neutral atom in the gaseous state to infinity.
Abbreviation is Ei, it has units of kJ/mol.
IE
Successive ionization energy
Ionization EnergyMinor irregularities in the Ei values are explained
by looking at the electron configurations.
IE Trend
Ionization EnergyIonization energies vary periodically, which is
explained by the changes in Zeff .
Zeff
Electron AffinityElectron Energy: Energy change that
occurs when an electron is added to an isolated atom in the gaseous state.
Abbreviation is Eea, it has units of kJ/mol. Values are generally negative because energy is released.
Value of Eea results from interplay of nucleus electron attraction, and electron–electron repulsion.
EA
Electron Affinity 02
EA Trend
Chemical recativityhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?
feature=player_detailpage&v=uixxJtJPVXk (group 1 reactivity)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u2ogMUDBaf4&feature=player_detailpage (halogen reactivity)
Metallic CharacterThe metallic character of atoms can be
related to the desire to loose electrons
On the periodic table, the metallic character
of the atoms increase down a family and
decreases from left to right across a period.