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Gabriele Riccardi Full Professor of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases
Director of the Master Course on Human Nutrition Federico II University, Napoli (Italy)
Pasta as a healthy eating choice
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US railroad Nicotera
123 455
1 43
171 231
124 73
233 104
273 50
3 44
40 22
18 17
231 38
33 43
6 28
Food groups (g/die)
Cereals
Legumes
Vegetables
Potatoes
Fruit
Meat
Fish
Eggs
Cheese
Milk
Edible fat
Alcohol
Food habits in Southern Italy and USA in the sixties
By courtesy of Prof J. Stamler
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FOOD CONSUMPTION IN MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES
⇑ Legumes,vegetables and fruits ⇑ Cereals (pasta and whole-meal bread) and nuts ⇑ Olive oil ⇑ Fish One or two glasses of wine
⇓ Meat ⇓ Dairy products
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Are carbohydrate foods the culprit of the obesity
epidemic?
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Cereal foods
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Carbohydrate foods have not equal metabolic effects
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Unadjusted food intakes (g/1000 kcal) of men (aged 40–59 y) by category of BMI, (United States, 1996–1999):
the INTERMAP (n = 1794)
Shay C, Van Horn l, Stamler J et al Am J Clin Nutr 2012
3 P-trend , 0.05 across BMI categories for men and women. 4 P-trend , 0.05 across BMI categories for women. 5 P-trend , 0.05 across BMI categories for men.
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Unadjusted food intakes (g/1000 kcal) of men (aged 40–59 y) by category of BMI, (United States, 1996–1999):
the INTERMAP (n = 1794)
Shay C, Van Horn l, Stamler J et al Am J Clin Nutr 2012
3 P-trend , 0.05 across BMI categories for men and women. 4 P-trend , 0.05 across BMI categories for women. 5 P-trend , 0.05 across BMI categories for men.
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Pasta consumption clusters with healthy eating
behaviours
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Pasta induces a low post-prandial glucose and insulin
response
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Parillo M et al. Diab Med 1985
Glycaemic Responses to Pasta, Bread and Potatoes in Diabetic Patients
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Body Fat
Metabolic effects of low glycemic index (GI) foods
Stomach
Small intes2ne
Gastric emptying
Glucose Insulin
CCK GIP GLP-‐1
Sa2ety
Low GI carbohydrate foods
TG
Rate of glucose absorp2on
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• There is convincing evidence from meta-analyses of controlled dietary trials that diets low in GI improve glycemic control in people with type 2 and type 1 diabetes
• There is convincing evidence from meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies that low GI/GL diets reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes
• There is convincing evidence from a large body of prospective cohort studies that low GI/GL diets reduce the risk of coronary heart disease
• Low GI/GL diets improve blood lipids and inflammatory markers including C-reactive protein
• Probable evidence exists for low GI/GL diets in reducing total body fat mass and in weight management
Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load and Glycemic Response: an International Scientific Consensus Summit.
Augustin L et al,Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2015
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Pasta as a healthy eating choice A pasta meal prepared according to the mediterranean tradition • has a low post-prandial glycemic and insulinemic
response • often includes other healthy ingredients like
tomatoes, vegetables, legumes, olive oil and fish; if it contains meat or cheese, they are used in small amounts.
• is balanced with respect to the distribution of nutrients and is a vehicle of vitamins and minerals
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Thank you for your attention