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La familia
Los abuelosLos abuelos
el abuelo la abuelala nieta
los gemelos
los padres
la madre
←
el padre →
la hija el hijo
el hijo único
la hija única
los hijos
el primo la prima
el tío
la tía
No es su hijo, es su sobrino.
Vocabulario:La familiaVocabulario:La familiaLea GramLea Gramática C.1ática C.1
el abuelo / la abuelael abuelo / la abuela los abuelos los abuelos(grandfather/grandmother)(grandfather/grandmother) (grandparents) (grandparents)
el gemelo / la gemelael gemelo / la gemela (twin)(twin)
el hijo / la hijael hijo / la hija (son / daughter)(son / daughter)
los hijoslos hijos (sons; sons and daughters; children)(sons; sons and daughters; children)
la madrela madre (mother)(mother)
el padreel padre (father)(father)
los padreslos padres (parents)(parents)
el hijo el hijo úúnico / la hija nico / la hija úúnica nica (only child; only son / only daughter)(only child; only son / only daughter)
La familia La familia C.1C.1
el el nnieto / la ieto / la nnietaieta ((grandson / granddaughtergrandson / granddaughter)) el primo / la primael primo / la prima (cousin)(cousin)
el sobrino / la sobrinael sobrino / la sobrina (nephew / niece)(nephew / niece)
el tel tíío / la to / la tííaa (uncle / aunt)(uncle / aunt)
Las personas solteras llevan el apellido de Las personas solteras llevan el apellido de su padre y el apellido de su madre.su padre y el apellido de su madre.
C.1C.1
La familia SaucedoLa familia Saucedo(Parte 1) (Parte 1)
Expressing possession: The verb tener Expressing possession: The verb tener
tener (to have)tener (to have)
(yo)(yo) tengotengo I haveI have
(t(tú)ú) tienestienes You (inf.sing) haveYou (inf.sing) have
(usted, (usted, éél/ella)l/ella) tienetiene You (pol.sing) have; You (pol.sing) have; he/she hashe/she has
(nosotros/as)(nosotros/as) tenemostenemos We haveWe have
(vosotros/as)(vosotros/as) tentenééisis You (inf.pl. Spain) haveYou (inf.pl. Spain) have
(ustedes, (ustedes, ellos/as)ellos/as)
tienentienen You (pl.) have; they You (pl.) have; they havehave
Irregular verbs: ser and tenerIrregular verbs: ser and tener Ser (to be) and tener (to have) are irregular Ser (to be) and tener (to have) are irregular
verbsverbs The endings are regular, but the stem changesThe endings are regular, but the stem changes
((tetengo, ngo, tietienen)nen)
The verb The verb ser ser (to be) followed by the preposition (to be) followed by the preposition de de (of) can also (of) can also be used to express possession.be used to express possession.
--¿¿De quiDe quiéén es el cuaderno?n es el cuaderno? --Es deEs de Carmen. Carmen.
Preposition de (of)Preposition de (of)
DeDe (of) + (of) + el el (the) = contraction (the) = contraction deldel (of the) (of the)
-¿-¿DeDe quién es el boligrafo? quién es el boligrafo?(Whose is that pen?)(Whose is that pen?)
- EsEs deldel profesor. profesor.(It’s the professor’s.)(It’s the professor’s.)
• • The other combinations of The other combinations of dede + + articlearticle do not do not contract: contract: de la, de los, de las.de la, de los, de las.
c.c.22 Expressing Possession: PossessiveExpressing Possession: Possessive Adjectives Adjectives Singular OwnerSingular Owner mi = mymi = my tu = yourtu = your (t (tú = you)ú = you) **su = your (pol. sing.) , his / hersu = your (pol. sing.) , his / her
Plural OwnerPlural Owner nuestro / a = ournuestro / a = our vuestro / a = your (inf. pl., Spain)vuestro / a = your (inf. pl., Spain) **su = your (pl.); theirsu = your (pl.); their
C.2C.2 Expressing Possession: Possessive Expressing Possession: Possessive
Adjectives Adjectives
Singular Posession (Plural possessions)Singular Posession (Plural possessions) mi(s) = mymi(s) = my Tu(s) = yourTu(s) = your (t (tú = you)ú = you) **su(s) = your (pol. sing.). his / hersu(s) = your (pol. sing.). his / her
Plural OwnerPlural Owner Nuestro(s) / a(s) = ourNuestro(s) / a(s) = our Vuestro(s) / a(s) = your (inf. pl., Spain)Vuestro(s) / a(s) = your (inf. pl., Spain) **su(s) = your (pl.); theirsu(s) = your (pl.); their
C.3C.3Expressing Age: The Verb tenerExpressing Age: The Verb tener
To ask about age, useTo ask about age, use
¿¿Cuántos añosCuántos años….?….?
Sandra, ¿Sandra, ¿cuántos añoscuántos años tienes tú? tienes tú?
Answer:Answer: TengoTengo cuarenta y ocho (años). cuarenta y ocho (años).
Los idiomas y las nacionalidadesLos idiomas y las nacionalidades(C.4-C.5)(C.4-C.5)
Adj. that end in –o/-a, just like other adj.s that end Adj. that end in –o/-a, just like other adj.s that end inin
– –o/-a, have 4 forms.o/-a, have 4 forms. sing.sing. pluralplural
Masculine = chinMasculine = chinoo chinchinososFeminine = chinFeminine = chinaa chinchinasas
Victoria no es Victoria no es chinachina, pero habla , pero habla chinochino muy bien. muy bien.(Victoria is not Chinese, but she speaks Chinese (Victoria is not Chinese, but she speaks Chinese
very well.)very well.)
Adjectives of NationalityAdjectives of Nationality(C.4)(C.4)
Adj.s that end in a consonant also have 4 forms:Adj.s that end in a consonant also have 4 forms:
singularsingular pluralplural
Masculine = inglMasculine = inglééss inglesingleseses
Feminine = inglesFeminine = inglesaa inglesinglesasasJohn es inglJohn es ingléés, pero su madre es espas, pero su madre es españñola.ola.
(John is English, but his mother is Spanish.)(John is English, but his mother is Spanish.)
Adjectives of NationalityAdjectives of Nationality
Adjectives that end in Adjectives that end in –e –e have only 2 forms:have only 2 forms:
singularsingular pluralplural
Masculine =Masculine = canadienscanadiensee canadiens canadienseses
FeminineFeminine == canadiens canadiensee canadienscanadienseses
Adj. of nationality & the names of Adj. of nationality & the names of languages are languages are notnot capitalized. capitalized.
Only names of names of countriescountries are are
capitalized.capitalized.
Talking about Habitual ActionsTalking about Habitual Actions Present Tense of Regular Present Tense of Regular –ar–ar Verbs Verbs
ConjugationConjugation of the verb of the verb hablarhablar (to speak) (to speak)
the infinitivethe infinitive hablar (to speak) hablar (to speak)(yo)(yo) hablhabloo I speakI speak
(t(tú)ú) hablhablasas you (inf.sg) speakyou (inf.sg) speak
(usted, (usted, él / ella)él / ella) hablhablaa you (pol.sg) speak; he/she you (pol.sg) speak; he/she speaksspeaks
(nosotros / as)(nosotros / as) hablhablamosamos we speakwe speak
(vosotros / as)(vosotros / as) hablhabláisáis you (inf.pl.,Spain) speakyou (inf.pl.,Spain) speak
(ustedes, ellos / as)(ustedes, ellos / as) hablhablanan you (pl.) speak; they you (pl.) speak; they speakspeak