Paris Ile de France, Unregulated competitive decentralization
Christian Lefèvre, Université Paris-Est, Institut Français d’Urbanisme,
LATTS
Regional Studies Association Research NetworkGoverning Metropolitan regions
within a Localist Agenda: London, Paris and Berlin
Second Seminar:22nd February, 2013
Institutional and policy issues: Articulating scales
1950-80s : State-led metropolis
1980-00s: Unfinished decentralization
2000-today: Unregulated competitive Decentralization
3 major periods
1950-80s : a State-led metropolis
Major Developments
- La Défense- Public Transport and road network- Major housing schemes- universities, etc.
New public agencies and public corporations
- DATAR- AFTRP- IAURP- District de la région de Paris
1980-00s: Unfinished decentralization
1982-1983: Decentralization Acts and creation of Regions
Ile de France as an exception: Planning and Public Transport not transfered to local governments
2000-today: Unregulated competitive Decentralization
New powers to the Regional Council
Too many players: extreme fragmentation
Concurrent initiatives for territorial leadership
New powers to the Regional Council
STIF (Public Transport) is controlled by the Region
A new master plan elaborated by the Regional Council
State remains in control of transit operators
State must approve the Master Plan
The 1300 municipalities of the Ile de France
Too many players: extreme fragmentation
The 8 départements
Concurrent initiatives for territorial leadership
City of Paris: Metropolitan conference, Paris Métropole and Metropolitan pole
The State: the Grand Paris project
Regional Council: Reluctance to participate and not very present
City of Paris: Metropolitan conference 2006-2009
Paris Métropole: 2009 ----
Paris Métropole in 2012
Metropolitan Pole?
The State: the Grand Paris project
OIN
Grand Paris Transport
The Grand Paris Act (2010)
The OIN (Zones of National Interest) in the Ile de France region
The Grand Paris Transport project
CONCLUSION
Competitive Decentralization
Conflicts of vision and territorial leadership
No legitimate leader
No places for dialogue, mediation and negotiation