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P4P: ISPs and P2P
Laird Popkin, Pando Networks
Doug Pasko, Verizon
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The Fundamental Problem?
Traditional ISP feedback/controls to application traffic:
RoutingRate control through congestion feedback (packet drops)
These are ineffective for P2PDue to highly dynamic, scattered traffic pattern caused by dynamic, unguided (network-oblivious) peer selection
Need a mechanism for ISPs to communicate with P2P about network structure and policies
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P4P: Partnership among ISPs and P2P Networks
P4P
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AT&TBitTorrentCisco SystemsGrid NetworksJoostLimeWireManatt
ObserversAbacastCablevisionCacheLogicCox CommunicationsComcastMPAANBC UniversalOversiPeerAppTime Warner CableTurner Broadcasting
P4P Working Group Members
P4P Working Group: Co-Chaired by Pando and Verizon, based on research from Yale, hosted by Distributed Computing Industry
Association.
Pando NetworksRawFlowTelefonica GroupVeriSignVerizonWashington UniversityYale University
Core Group
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GoalsDesign a framework to enable better ISP and P2P coordinationGuided P2P connections should yield benefits:
Improve throughput to P2P usersAllow ISPs to manage link utilization
Reduces number of links transited by contentPush traffic from undesirable (expensive/limited capacity) links to more desirable (inexpensive/available capacity) links
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ISP Benefits
Industry Solution
Create cooperative win-win solutions to an industry issue
Solve the problem before we have to cope with the problem
Carrier Grade P2P
Opportunity for new services
What if the fastest path from A to B is P2P?
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P2P BenefitsP2P Applications benefit from:
Faster downloads for users.
Decrease incentives for ISPs to manage P2P traffic.
Easy to implement
Open standard, so one solution for all ISPs.
Easy to implement
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Edge Network
Regional Routers
Internet Transit
Network Aware P2P will reduce costs, improve performance
Traditional CDN P2P
More Viewers =Better performance
Lower cost
More Viewers =Worse performance
Higher cost
P4P Enables Efficient Delivery
P2P with P4P
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P4P Framework – Goals
Performance improvement for both ISPs and P2PsScalability
Support a large number of P2P users and networks in dynamic settings
Privacy preservationFlexibility: apply to many P2P architectures
Application-specific requirementsTracker-based and trackerless P2P systems“Gossip” among peers
Ease of implementation (“low hanging fruit”)Open standard: any ISP, P2P can easily implement it
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ISP A
P4P: Architecture
1 4
3
2pTracke
riTracker
peer
Use BitTorrent in a single ISP as an example
pTracker runs P2P systemiTracker makes suggestions for peering relationships
Information flow:1. peer queries pTracker 2. pTracker asks iTracker for
guidance (occasionally) 3. iTracker returns high-
level peering suggestions4. pTracker selects and
returns a set of active peers, according to the suggestions
iTracker can be run by trusted third parties, P2P network, or ISPs.
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Optimizing P2P Peering
Formulate as a joint optimization problem
ISPs’ objective: minimize network utilization by P2P
P2Ps’ objective: maximize throughput
Joint Objective: Protect and Improve customer experience
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Evaluation – Simulations
Simulation Methodology
Discrete-event simulation
a module for modeling BitTorrent protocol
a module for modeling underlying network topology and data transfer dynamics using TCP rate equation
Network topology provided by AT&T, Telefonica, and Verizon.
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P4P yields a dramatic drop in data delivery average “hop count”, which equates to lower cost to ISPs.
Results: Good for ISPs
Verizon SimulationTelefonica Simulation
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P4P yields a dramatic improvement in data delivery speed, which results in faster downloads for users.
Results: Good for P2Ps
Verizon SimulationTelefonica Simulation
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Interested?
P4PWG is free to join.Monthly phone calls (and @ CES, Tuesday at 8:00am)
Working Group mission:Evaluate the P4P design through large-scale experimentsFormalize and promote adoption of P4P protocolsServe as a forum for ISPs and P2P networks
For more info, e-mail Marty Lafferty: [email protected] or [email protected] [email protected]