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Other Methods of ART
Ainil Fadia Binti Khairuman082013100003
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Introduction
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) Application of laboratory or clinical technology
to gametes (human egg or sperm) and/or embryos for the purposes of reproduction.
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Assisted reproductive technology (ART)
• Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)• Third Party Assisted ART Sperm Donation Egg Donation Surrogates and Gestational Carriers• Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)• Gamete intrafallopian transfer
(GIFT).• Intracytoplasmic sperm injection
(ICSI)
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Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)
• Sperm of the best quality that have been washed and concentrated are placed directly in the uterus
• Done between day 12 and day 16 of the monthly cycle• Placed in a small catheter to insert the sperm into the womb• Can be used in combination with medications that stimulate
ovulation - increase the chance of pregnancy in some cases• Intrauterine insemination is used most often in couples who have:o Semen allergyo Cervical mucous too thicko Low sperm count and mobilityo Retrograde ejaculation
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Sperm donation
• People use donated sperm when: o A man does not produce spermo Produces very low numbers of
spermo Genetic disease.
• Can be used with intrauterine insemination or with IVF
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Egg Donation
• An egg donor undergoes ovary stimulation and egg retrieval steps of IVF.
• The donated egg can then be fertilized by sperm
• Resulting embryo is placed into the woman's uterus.
• Egg donation may be particularly helpful for women who:
Have had surgical removal of the ovaries Were born without ovaries Are carriers of known genetic diseases Woman does not produce healthy eggs that
can be fertilized.
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Surrogates and Gestational Carriers
• A surrogate is a woman inseminated with sperm from the male partner of the couple.
• Resulting child will be biologically related to the surrogate and to the male partner.
• Surrogacy can be used when the female of the couple does not produce healthy eggs that can be fertilized.
• A gestational carrier is implanted with an embryo that is not biologically related to her.
• Used when a woman produces healthy eggs but is unable to carry a pregnancy to term.
• Egg or sperm donation can be used in this situation.
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Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT).
• Developed in 1984 • Eggs are combined with sperm
in a dish • Surgically injected into your
fallopian tubes using a laparoscope or fiber-thin tube.
• Fertilization happens inside the body
• The embryo implants naturally.
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Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)
• Eggs are mixed with the sperm in a petri dish
• The fertilized eggs (zygote) are placed in the fallopian tubes within 24 hours.
• No longer commonly performed because it has a lower success rate than IVF.
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Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)
• One of the partner's sperm is placed inside the egg with a microscopic needle
• Once fertilization occurs, the resulting embryo is placed in the uterus.
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References
• http://www.mayoclinic.org/• http://www.webmd.com/• http://www.hfea.gov.uk/• https://www.nichd.nih.gov• http://www.babycenter.com/
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