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ORAL PRESENTATIONS
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The ability to make a clear, professional presentation is one of the most important contributing factors to your career success.
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Written reports often are accompanied by either a formal or informal presentation of the results.
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Presentations may be formal or informal.
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Types of Delivery
• Memorized
• Impromptu
• Scripted
• Notes
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Purpose of Presentation
• Informative – educate your audience
• Persuasive – convince the audience to think or act in a certain way
• Combination – educate and convince
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Step 1 – Plan your presentation
Consider your audience –
1. What do they know or need to know about the topic?
2. What is their attitude about the topic?
3. What did I find in my report that would be interesting or useful to them? Make this the focal point of your report.
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Other Considerations
1. Audience’s style• Formal or casual• Occasion
2. Credibility• Expertise• Goodwill• Common ground• Status
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How Can You Tell?
• Interviews
• Surveys
• Past experience
• Group identity
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Use your outline or the headings of your report to choose 3 main points to talk about.
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Introduction
A good introduction will
• get the audience’s attention
• set the tone for your presentation
• create goodwill with the audience
• lead into the body of the presentation
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Effective Introductions
• Startling statement
• Rhetorical question
• Story
• Personal reference
• Quotation
• Suspense
• Compliment
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Startling Statement
Your best friend is in danger, and only you can help!
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Rhetorical question
Did you know that most pet behavior problems are caused by boredom?
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Story
Rusty is a six-year-old on death row. His only crime? Loneliness!
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Personal Reference
My most loyal friend has fish breath and a tail.
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Quotation
"Whoever said you can’t buy happiness forgot about little puppies."
Gene Hill
"Artists like cats, soldiers like dogs." Desmond Morris
“If you pick up a starving dog and make him prosperous, he will not bite you. This is the principal difference between a dog and a man."
Mark Twain
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Suspense
Minute by minute the clock ticks……one….two….three….four….five….
Has only five minutes passed?
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Compliment
Pet owners are the nicest people in the world! Just ask their pets!
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Humor
In a restroom: TOILET OUT OF ORDER. PLEASE USE FLOOR BELOW.
In a laundromat: AUTOMATIC WASHING MACHINES: PLEASE REMOVE ALL YOUR CLOTHES WHEN THE LIGHT GOES OUT.
In a London department store: BARGAIN BASEMENT UPSTAIRS.
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Body
• You should be able to use your outline for the body of the presentation.
• Discuss each point, telling what you were researching and what you found out.
• Again, choose the information that will be the most interesting for your audience.
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The Conclusion should
• Signal the end of your presentation
• Summarize the main points, or highlight the conclusion of your report.
• Give the audience something to remember!
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Types of Conclusions
• Summary
• Story
• Appeal to action
• Emotional impact
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Step 2 – Practice your presentation
Rehearse your presentation, paying close attention to
• vocal quality – enthusiastic, loud enough, energetic
• eye contact – practice looking around the room• “vocal interferences”• pronunciation• posture and gestures• time
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Step 3 – Coping with nervousness.
Remember, everyone is nervous before a presentation. Points to consider:
• You will survive – it’s only ten minutes out of your life
• The audience will not notice as much as you think
• Preparation helps
• The more you speak, the easier it gets
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Some techniques to help manage your nerves are:
• visualize success
• choose the speaking time you are most comfortable with
• take normal breaths and pause to collect your thoughts
• have a buddy support you
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