![Page 1: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
OPERANT OPERANT CONDITIONINGCONDITIONING
![Page 2: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Responses become more or less likely Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the to occur depending on the
________________________________________________________
EDWARD THORNDIKE’S EDWARD THORNDIKE’S LAW OF LAW OF EFFECTEFFECT
![Page 3: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Responses which are accompanied or closely followed by satisfaction to the animal will, other things being equal, be…more likely to recur; those which are accompanied or closely followed b discomfort to the animal will, other things being equal,…be less likely to occur. (Thorndike, 1911)
![Page 4: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
OPERANT CONDITIONINGOPERANT CONDITIONING Cat in the boxCat in the box Food outside the boxFood outside the box Cat must activate a rope pulley to open Cat must activate a rope pulley to open
the boxthe box
Each time, theEach time, thecat got out a cat got out a little fasterlittle faster
![Page 5: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
2 Essential Elements to Operant 2 Essential Elements to Operant ConditioningConditioning
1) 1) OPERANT RESPONSEOPERANT RESPONSE: : the method the method of how one reacts to a situationof how one reacts to a situation
2) 2) CONSEQUENCECONSEQUENCE::► ► Follows a behavior Follows a behavior –– increases or decreases increases or decreases the behaviorthe behavior
Best if used:Best if used: Immediately Immediately
![Page 6: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
REINFORCERSREINFORCERS
______________________________the likelihood of the likelihood of
the the behaviorbehavior
![Page 7: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
PUNISHERSPUNISHERS
______________________________the likelihood of the likelihood of
the the behaviorbehavior
![Page 8: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
IMPORTANT!!!IMPORTANT!!!
REINFORCERREINFORCER PUNISHERPUNISHER Used to Used to
STAMPSTAMP ININ
a behavior!!!a behavior!!!
Used to Used to
STAMP STAMP OUT OUT
a behavior!!!a behavior!!!
![Page 9: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Reinforcement = _________________Reinforcement = _________________
Can be either Can be either
POSITIVE POSITIVE oror NEGATIVENEGATIVE
![Page 10: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
WARNING!!!WARNING!!!Do NOT think of them as GOOD and BADDo NOT think of them as GOOD and BAD
ADDINGADDINGSUBTRACTINGSUBTRACTING
![Page 11: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
POSITIVE REINFORCEMENTPOSITIVE REINFORCEMENT
______________ something _______________________ something _________to encourage a behaviorto encourage a behavior
EXAMPLE:EXAMPLE:
![Page 12: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
POSITIVE REINFORCEMENTPOSITIVE REINFORCEMENT QUICKLY…QUICKLY…
Turn to your neighbor and Turn to your neighbor and brainstorm 2 other examples of brainstorm 2 other examples of POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT!POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT!
![Page 13: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENTNEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT
______________ something _______________________ something _________to encourage a behaviorto encourage a behavior
EXAMPLE:EXAMPLE:
![Page 14: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENTNEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT QUICKLY…QUICKLY…
Turn to your neighbor and Turn to your neighbor and brainstorm 2 other examples of brainstorm 2 other examples of NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT!NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT!
![Page 15: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
POSITIVE & NEGATIVEPOSITIVE & NEGATIVEREINFORCEMENTREINFORCEMENT
______________________________________A BEHAVIOR!!!A BEHAVIOR!!!
![Page 16: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
______________ something _______________________ something _________
OROR______________ something _______________________ something _________
![Page 17: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
PUNISHMENTPUNISHMENT QUICKLY…QUICKLY…
Turn to your neighbor and Turn to your neighbor and brainstorm 2 other examples of brainstorm 2 other examples of
PUNISHMENT!PUNISHMENT!
One for adding something bad, One for adding something bad, another for removing something another for removing something
goodgood
![Page 18: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
PUNISHMENTPUNISHMENT
PUNISHMENT ALWAYSPUNISHMENT ALWAYS
____________________________________A BEHAVIOR!!!A BEHAVIOR!!!
![Page 19: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
EFFECTIVE PUNISHMENT IS:EFFECTIVE PUNISHMENT IS: ___________: should occur ___________: should occur
IMMEDIATELY!IMMEDIATELY!
___________: effective but not cruel___________: effective but not cruel
___________: consistent punishment ___________: consistent punishment for consistent deviant for consistent deviant
behavior.behavior.
![Page 20: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
PUNISHMENT DRAWBACKS:PUNISHMENT DRAWBACKS:“The 4 R’s of Punishment” “The 4 R’s of Punishment”
1) RESENTMENT: 1) RESENTMENT: “This is unfair…I don’t “This is unfair…I don’t trust authority”trust authority”
2) REVENGE: 2) REVENGE: “They are winning now, but “They are winning now, but I’ll get even!”I’ll get even!”
3) REBELLION: 3) REBELLION: “I’ll do the opposite just to “I’ll do the opposite just to prove I don’t have to do it your way”prove I don’t have to do it your way”
4) RETREAT: 4) RETREAT: Sneakiness – Sneakiness – “I won’t get “I won’t get caught next time!”caught next time!”Low Self-Esteem – Low Self-Esteem – “I’m a bad“I’m a badperson”person”
![Page 21: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: OPERANT CONDITIONING. Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the Responses become more or less likely to occur depending on the____________________________](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022052607/5a4d1b677f8b9ab0599b1099/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)