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The Optics FilesThe Optics FilesUsing Mirrors and Lenses
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Key Objectives:Key Objectives:
The student will investigate and understand the interaction of light waves
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Key Objectives:Key Objectives:
Predict the characteristics of the images formed by lenses and mirrors– Illustrate and describe reflection
and refraction of visible light
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Key Objectives:Key Objectives:
Describe the behavior of light waves– Understand that light travels in
straight lines and is reflected, absorbed or transmitted
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Key Objectives:Key Objectives:
– Understand that light travels through media and undergoes a change in speed that causes it to bend when it does so
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Key Objectives:Key Objectives:
– Understand that when light strikes an uneven surface or passes through an opening it can reflect or diffract
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Key Objectives:Key Objectives:
– Understand constructive and destructive interference regarding light waves
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Law of Reflection
States that the angle of incidence (direction in) is equal to the angle of reflection (direction out)
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Reflection
The bouncing back of a ray of light, sound or heat when it hits a surface
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Plane Mirror
A mirror with a flat smooth surface it reflects a ‘true’ reversed image– Bathroom Mirror
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Concave Mirror
A mirror that is curved inward. (Like a bowl) It reflects an upright larger image when inside the focal point and an inverted smaller image when outside the focal point– Compact or Make-up mirror
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Convex Mirror
A mirror that bends outward from the center. It reflects a distorted smaller image but allows you to see around corners.– Bus mirrors– Security mirrors
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Diffraction
The change in direction of waves as they bend around a corner/edge or around an obstacle or pass through an opening or slit.
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Refraction
The bending of light as light waves pass through different mediums
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Concave Lens
A lens that bends inward to center.The light waves move outward as they
pass through causing an image on the other side to appear smaller. – Glasses
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Convex Lens
A lens that bends outward from the center.
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Convex Lens
As light passes through, it focuses the light into a fine beam and the light and images on the other side appear larger– Magnifying glasses– Reading glasses
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Interference
The combination of two or more waves that results in a single wave.
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Essential Learnings
Light waves travel in straight lines until they strike an object and then they are either reflected, absorbed or transmitted
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Essential Learnings
Reflection is the “bouncing back” of light waves– There is a Law that governs
reflection stating that the Angle of Incidence = Angle of Reflection
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Essential Learnings
Refraction is the slowing and bending of light waves as light passes through a medium
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Essential Learnings
There are three types of mirrors that reflect light– Plane– Concave– Convex
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Essential Learnings
Plane Mirror - Reflects a true sized image, upright and reversed
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Essential Learnings
Concave Mirror –Makes a larger upright image inside the focal point, a smaller inverted image outside the focal point
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Essential Learnings
Convex –Produce smaller distorted but always upright images
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Essential Learnings
There are two types of lenses that refract or bend light– Concave– Convex
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Essential Learnings
ConcaveLens – Spreads out (Diverge) light
Convex Lens Focus (Converge) light
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Essential Learnings
Diffraction is the bending of light and the production of new waves when waves strike an edge or opening
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Essential Learnings
Interference takes place when two or more light or sound waves overlap or combine it can be either:– Constructive – Increases Energy– Destructive – Decreases Energy
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Essential Learnings
Constructive Interference – Increases Energy
Destructive – Decreasese Energy