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NOTES: CONDUCTION AND BLOOD VESSELS
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1. What is the location and function of the SA node?
Cardiac conduction system = special cells that create its own nerve impulse
Location: wall of the right atrium
Function: “pacemaker” that causes the atria to contract = heart beat
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2. What is the location and function of the AV node?
Location: junction between the atria and ventricles
Function: receives electrical impulse from SA node and causes the ventricle to contract
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The heart in action:
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3. What is the location and function of the AV bundle?
Location: between the ventricles
Function: the electrical connection between the atria and ventricles
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4. What is the location and function of the Perkinje fibers?
Location: bottom of the ventricles
Function: conduction of signals to the ventricular muscles
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5. What is a EKG/ECG? What is its function?
Electro-cardiogram
A graphical tracing of the hearts electrical activity
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6. EKG Explanation
There are 5 major deflections on an EKG: P, Q, R, S, and T
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6. EKG Explanation
P Wave: atria contract
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6. EKG Explanation
QRS Complex: ventricles contract and the atria relax during this time
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6. EKG Explanation
T wave: ventricles relax and aortic and pulmonary valves close.
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7. 5 general classes of blood vessles
Arteries: carry blood away from heart
Arterioles: smallest branches
Capillaries: connect arteries and veins, site of gas exchange
Venules: smallest branches
Veins: carry blood towards the heart
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8. Arteries!
Carry blood away from the heart.
Main artery called the aorta
Tough on the outside Smooth on the
inside Elastic walls of
smooth muscle to withstand blood pressure
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9. Capillaries
Connect arterioles and venules Very thin Only one cell thick Site of gas exchange O2 and nutrients from capillaries
diffuses across the membrane into the tissues
CO2 and other wastes diffuses into the capillaries
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10. Veins!
Carry blood back to heart
Transport waste and un-O2 blood back to heart and lungs
Valves located inside to allow blood to move in one directions
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11. Pulmonary circulation
Circulation from heart to the lungs and back to heart
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12. Systemic circulation
Circulation from heart to the rest of the body