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Making It YOUR InterviewTechniques for working the media & other confrontational audiences
New Jersey Builders AssociationMay 13, 2013
Presented by Doug Fenichel, APRIn-House Public Relations
Introductions
Making it YOUR Interview
1. Your Name
2. Who you work for
3. What you do there
4. What you do for the New Jersey Builders Association
5. Why you’re here
6. Have you ever done a media interview? How did it go?
Introductions
Making it YOUR Interview
Doug Fenichel, APR
• 10 years in radio/television and newspaper journalism
• Joined AT&T Public Relations during break up
• Accredited public relations executive.
• President, In-House Public Relations
• Adjunct Professor of Communications – Fairleigh Dickenson Univ.• Past President, Public Relations Society of America-NJ Chapter
• Member, Mount Olive Economic Development Committee• Member, Flanders Fire Company #1 and Rescue Squad
• Member, Community Builders and Remodelers Association• Member, North Central Jersey Association of Realtors
Goals
Making it YOUR Interview
1. Increase confidence & comfort level with the media
2. Develop an understanding of the media
3. Learn how to structure a “media contract”
4. Become a “credible” spokesperson
5. Enhance your reputation (and that of your organization) with the media
Media: Who are they?
Making it YOUR Interview
MEDIA
Media: Who are they?
Making it YOUR Interview
• News media shape perceptions of products, companies and industries
• Negative/positive perceptions affect sales, stocks, ability to do business
• Negative/positive story outcome can depend on you and how you deliver your message!
Media: Who are they?
Making it YOUR Interview
• Traditional• Books • Magazines• Newspapers
• Electronic•Television• Radio
• Social• See above• Blogs • E-zines• Social networking sites
Media: Who are they?
Making it YOUR Interview
Media: Who are they?
Making it YOUR Interview
Professionally curious and skeptical
Competitive Deadline-driven See journalism as a
cause Covering multiple or
very broad beats Multimedia
Media: Who are they?
Making it YOUR Interview
A “Good” Reporter:Objective...Not personally involved
Fair…Gives both sides a chance
Accurate...Gets it right the first time
Listens…Truly wants to understand
Interesting...if nobody cares, the story
isn’t worth much (“If It Bleeds…It
Leads”)
Media: Who are they?
Making it YOUR Interview
Bad influences
• Incredible competition
• 24-hour news cycle
• Insecurity
• Beat the clock
• Find a new angle
• Live and die on their deadlines
It’s a world of constant change
Media: Who are they?
Making it YOUR Interview
• Visual medium• Assignment desk posts
assignments for A.M.• Morning Show cut in
reporters following last night’s news
• Stories and Footage for the Five is done by 4:15
• 6 is the 5 only with added Can break in any time
• Video isn’t just for TV anymore
Media: Who are they?
Making it YOUR Interview
• Audio medium
•Dying medium for local news
• Pre and post-market news radio
• The Peak – DRIVE TIME
• Material is collected all day
• Most info from wire services, local news not always wanted
• Web radio
Media: Who are they?
Making it YOUR Interview
• Assign and find “Talking Heads”
• As day progresses picking up from local stations, wires
• European News is usually early morning
Media: Who are they?
Making it YOUR Interview
• Original social network• Members contribute
stories• Reporters add to local
stories• Focus is rarely local• Distribute to other media• Accessible on the Web
Media: Who are they?
Making it YOUR Interview
• Dailies, weeklies, general, trades• Reporters get ideas from many
places, including wire services, other media, trade journals and releases
• Reporters have multiple beats and cannot be experts in all of them
• Papers divided into desks, run by editors who manage reporters
• Mid to late afternoon – crunch time• Early evening – deadline & rewrite• Huffington Post, Patch, bloggers
Media: Who are they?
Making it YOUR Interview
How does a recovering housing market impact New Jersey’s economy?
How would you modify your answer to this for different media?
Let’s take a break
Making it YOUR Interview
Know what you know.
Know what you don’t know
Know how to state what you know.
Know how to get away from what you don’t know
Preparing yourself
Making it YOUR Interview
Preparing yourself
Making it YOUR Interview
FACT
FACT
CONCLUSION
Most people speak in pyramid style
Preparing yourself
Making it YOUR Interview
FACT
FACT
HEADLINE
Need to learn to speak in headlines, then add support
Preparing yourself
Making it YOUR Interview
• Know and articulate three key messages
• Deliver messages in a simple, straightforward and positive manner
• Key messages applicable to all public comments you make
• Messages are consistent in all communications
Preparing yourself
Making it YOUR Interview
• Who am I trying to reach?• What do I want them to remember?• What is the audience concerned about?• Are my messages simple,
straightforward, and understandable?• Would I be persuaded...if I didn’t already
know what I know?
Preparing yourself
Making it YOUR Interview
Types of interviews
Making it YOUR Interview
Phoner In-Person Ambush
Types of interviews
Making it YOUR Interview
On Camera Social
Playing by the rules
Making it YOUR Interview
Yes, there are rules…
Playing by the rules
Making it YOUR Interview
• A direct question deserves a direct answer
• If you don’t know the answer, say so• No “no comment”• Honesty is the best policy• If a reporter gets something wrong,
immediately correct it
Playing by the rules
Making it YOUR Interview
There is no “off the record”
• If you don’t want it quoted, don’t say it
• Off the cuff remarks can be next day’s headlines
• Background statements can be quoted
Playing by the rules
Making it YOUR Interview
There is no “no comment”
• Declining to answer a question is ok, but NEVER say “No Comment”
• And ALWAYS use the opportunity to bridge to what you want to say
Playing by the rules
Making it YOUR Interview
Declining to answer• When is it appropriate to not answer a
question?– Personal opinion– Competitive information– Hypothetical situations– Response to unfamiliar stats or comments– Status of issues under negotiation or legal review– Info you don’t know
Blocking & Bridging
Making it YOUR Interview
• Blocking -- Halting the direction of the interview
• Bridging -- Going from where you are to where you want to be
• Flagging – Redirecting the interview to a key point of importance
Blocking & Bridging
Making it YOUR Interview
Question AnswerResponse
Deserves a Response
BridgeBlock
Blocking & Bridging
Making it YOUR Interview
• Don't evade...restructure• Asked about a problem? Talk about a
solution• Don't become fixated by the question• Number your points
Blocking & Bridging
Making it YOUR Interview
Third-PartyEndorsements
Analogies
Facts/Statistics
Experience/Examples
Blocking & Bridging
Making it YOUR Interview
• Swim into safer waters through the use of “connectors”– Yes...The real issue here is...– No, but what I can say about that is...– I don’t know...but what I do know is...– Let’s look at that another way...
Dirty Tricks
Making it YOUR Interview
• Mike is always live• Camera is always on• Anything in sight is fair game• “Would you say…”• “I heard that…”• Silence isn’t golden• Antagonism is powerful
Take a break
Making it YOUR Interview
Commandment 1
Making it YOUR Interview
Thou shalt treat reporters(and everyone else)
with respect…even when it isn’t returned.
Commandment 1
Making it YOUR Interview
That means:
•Returning calls•Honoring deadlines
•Honoring agreements•Insisting on your rights
Commandment 2
Making it YOUR Interview
Begin your preparations:
• Agree to a time do to the interview•Call public relations, others
•Negotiate the “interview contract”
Commandment 2
Making it YOUR Interview
Interview contract
• Agree to a time do to the interview•Call public relations, others
•Negotiate the “interview contract”•Understand your rights, their rights
Commandment 2
Making it YOUR Interview
Your “Bill of Rights”
• Know what the story is about• Help define the agenda
• Know how long the interview will take• Know whether you’ll be quoted• Know who else is being quoted
• Know if there are photos or video
Commandment 2
Making it YOUR Interview
Your “Bill of Rights”
• Know if interview is live or taped• Know about your interviewer
• Ask questions about the interview• Be treated respectfully
• Depend on PR or other help
Commandment 2
Making it YOUR Interview
Your “Bill of Rights” excludes:
• Knowing the questions in advance• Seeing the story in advance
• Changing quotes or editing the story• Expecting to be the only one presented
Commandment 2
Making it YOUR Interview
Reporter “Bill of Rights”:• Reasonable access to legitimate,
prepared news sources• Have deadlines, logistical needs
considered•Get a concise and direct answer
•Conduct follow-up calls for clarification• Refuse a request to see the story in
advance• Redirect the interview to the subject
• Evaluate and report the story
Commandment 2
Making it YOUR Interview
Preparations include being helpful
• What do you need?•How can I help you?
•What is your deadline?•How did you find me?
•Did anyone refer you to me?•What is your story about? Am I really
the correct source?• How can I help you better understand
my business?
Commandment 2
Making it YOUR Interview
Preparations include being helpful
• Who will read/watch your story? •What is the context of your story?•What triggered your story idea?
•Is there a specific point of view you’d liketo explore?
• How much of my time will you require?•When and where will it run?
Commandment 2
Making it YOUR Interview
All this leads to 2 major points:
• Builds relationship, trust & understanding•Puts the reporter as ease because
you understand reporter’s goals, needs
• Helps you decide if you want to proceed and, if so, if you’re the right person.
Commandment 3
Making it YOUR Interview
Thou shalt remember:
“I am the expert unto whom thereporter came for information”
“I shall pitch as well as catch, for it is as much my game as
The reporters!”
Commandment 4
Making it YOUR Interview
Thou shalt gather thine information.Thine information shall make theeprepared, for such is the stuff of
successful interviews.
From thine info, thou shalt write thine heds
Commandment 5
Making it YOUR Interview
Thou shalt do the interviewConfidence, always remembering
Commandment 3
Commandment 6
Making it YOUR Interview
Thou shalt do thine interview right:
• Stay on message• Stay on the record
•No opinions•Think before you speak•Don’t repeat language
• Speak only about what you know
Commandment 6
Making it YOUR Interview
Thou shalt do thine interview right:
• Be honest• Don’t speculate
• Don’t comment on rumors• Correct misinformation
• Bridge, bridge
Commandment 7
Making it YOUR Interview
Never shall thou say“No comment”
Commandment 8
Making it YOUR Interview
Thou shalt stay cool…
Commandment 9
Making it YOUR Interview
How dost thee understandthe question posed
unto thee?
Commandment 10
Making it YOUR Interview
Thou shalt thank thineinquisitor and be available
for his or her follow up.
A few more dos and don’ts
Making it YOUR Interview
• Agree to the Interview • Remember the reporter has a stake in
a good story• Remember your message• Make sure you understand the
question• Make answers concise & quotable• Think before talking• Keep your headlines in mind
A few more dos and don’ts
Making it YOUR Interview
• Be anecdotal, enthusiastic & likable• Listen actively• Be correct , don’t guess
A few more dos and don’ts
Making it YOUR Interview
• Don’t– Accept “what if” questions– Use jargon– Go off the record– Repeat negative language– Throw ad weight around– Depend on the reporter to ask all the questions you want to answer– Allow mistakes to go uncorrected
A few more dos and don’ts
Making it YOUR Interview
• Don’t– Offer personal opinions– Stray from agreed-upon subjects– Disparage others– Don’t preannounce– Don’t allow words to be put in your mouth– Don’t worry about using hands or smiling
After the interview
Making it YOUR Interview
• Get on with life!!• Unless requested to do so, don't call the
reporter and offer to check technical points• If you don't like the line of questioning,
don't try to go over reporter's head to get a story killed
• If story works out, don't send gifts (thank you note is OK)
What does a PR guy do?
Making it YOUR Interview
• Knows the reporters• Negotiates “contract”• Helps you with headlines, talking points• Follows up with reporters• Gets you into stories you should be in• Coaches you
Making it YOUR Interview
Let’s practice!
Making it YOUR Interview
“Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a
moment to prefer the latter.
Thomas Jefferson
Making it YOUR Interview
All business in a democratic societyBegins with public permission and
Exists by public approval.
Arthur W. Page
Making it YOUR Interview
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