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NIR High resolution spectroscopy with WINRED@NTT
G. Bono, (Univ. of Rome TOV), + L. Inno, R. O. da Silva, V. Braga, B. Lemasle, K. Fukue, D. Magurno, S. Rastello, B. Proxauf + Japanese +
Romans + ESO + Neapoletans + …… Ennio + Enrico …..
Padua, March 3, 2017
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OUTLINE OF THE TALKà Science drivers for WINERED@NTT à Why NIR HR spectroscopy? à Current statusà Future perspectives
NIR high resolution spectroscopy with WINRED@NTT
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WINERED
WINERED@NTT à as a visitor instrument
Oscillating Stars with wIneRed near-Infrared Spectroscopy [OSIRIS]
Department of Astronomy University of Tokyo & Kyoto
P.I. Naoto Kobayashi -- Germanium patent
http://merlot.kyoto-su.ac.jp/LIH/top_winered.html
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Low & Intermediate-mass stars H & He-burning phase
Pulsation & Evolutionary Properties
Instability Strips
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Cepheids & Miras & RR Lyrae+TIICs
MW disk/halo/bulgeMagellanic Clouds
à They can be easily identifiedà Distance better than ~3%à stellar tracers à Age constraints
Cepheids à young [5-300 Myr]Miras à Intermediate-ageRR Lyrae TIICs à old [> 10 Gyr]à Demanding targets!
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à Near Infrared vs optical spectroscopy
Optical spectra of variable stars driven by temperature variations à strong non-linearities for shock formation and propagation
NIR spectra driven by radius variations
The HR spectroscopy of RR Lyrae stars is lagging in total less than ~70 objects
Cepheids & Miras & RR Lyrae+TIICs
MW disk/halo/bulgeMagellanic Clouds
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Next Gaia data release in one year or so
RR Lyrae in Omega Cen
Long Term project:
Thousands of optical images
Hundreds of NIR images + spectroscopic follow up
Magellan (FourStars + M2FS)
Sollima + Rey +
Braga + 2016
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The largest NIR+MIR data set ever collected for MC CepheidsInno + (2013,2016 + IRSF survey) à LMC à SMC pending
Multi-band approachPioneered by Freedman & Madore
OGLE+IRSF+WISE+SPITZER
Distances & Extinctions
LMC geometry & reddening map
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Far from being a fishing expedition
Optical & NIR time series Optical: OGLEIV +
IAC (IAC80,TCS; PI: Monelli)
NIR: IRSF@SAAO (Matsunaga) + VVV+VVVX (Minniti/Zoccali)IAC (IAC80,TCS; PI: Monelli)
àOpt/NIR Spectroscopic follow up
UVES/X-SHOOTER@VLT + IRCS@[email protected] MPG + GIANO@TNG + …
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Homogeneous iron scale for 440 Galactic Cepheids
High spectral-resolution, a few tens of Cepheids in common.~1/3 proprietary~2/3 Luck + Andriewski +
Linear trend-0.060±0.002 dex/kpcSteepening in the inner disk (Rg ≤ 6/7 kpc)Increase in spread in the outer disk (Rg> 13 kpc)Large spread at fixed Rg
Genovali et al. 2013,2014
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A new spin 50% of known Cepheids 10% new
~200
~1000
Homogenous temperature & metallicity scale based on EWs à LTE
R≥35,000 – SNR ≥ 100
à Dozen calibratorsà Dozen cluster Cepheids
Master Thesis by B. Proxauf
Small numbers when compared with AMBER/GES
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A new spin Line depth ratios for 260 pairsby Kovtyukh & Gorlova old + new
Extended spectral coveragefrom ~4000 to 8000 AA
Extended temperature coveragefrom ~3500 to 7500 K
Smooth temperature estimates along the rising branch
ç Based on HARPS spectra
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…. more on the inner disk
Five new Cepheids in the inner disk (IV quadrant)
NIR Photometry IRSF at SAAO
MIR Photometry SPITZER + WISE (time series)
Inno + (2017, tbs)
Reddening laws by Cardelli + 1989Nyshiama + 2006
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…. more on the inner disk
Laura Fecit
Livia’s talk
Martin + 2015 – Andrievsky + 2016 à distances based on optical photometry
Flattening vs Slope [?]
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…. more on the inner disk
Open Clusters in the inner disk are telling Us the same story …. Marginal evidence of a large spread
Jacobson + 2016 GES open clusters
[ Fe / H ] = + 0.11 ± 0.15
Chiappini + (2016)
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low resolution J-band spectroscopy of individual metal-rich RSGs
RSGs as cosmic abundance probes
Gazak+ 2015: RSGs in Sculptor galaxy NGC300 (1.9 Mpc) KMOS@VLT
Evidence of an inversion in the metallicity gradient CALIFA (Sanchez-Menguiano + 2016)
-0.083+/-0.014 dex/kpc
BSGs and RSGs
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Paving the way: WINERED
WINERED@NTT à as a visitor instrument (sabbatical leave!!!)
Feb. 9-17/2017 à Pilot project (nine nights)
Large Programme à core science primary distance indicatorsold à RR Lyrae + type II Cepheids intermediate-age à MIRAS young à classical Cepheids
+
Offered to ESO users P100 .. waiting for CRIRES+ & SOX
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Paving the way: WINERED
WINERED@NTT
Two different observing modes:
WIDE à zYJ in a single shot with R~14,000 & 28,000
HIRES à either Y or J with R~80,000
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NUTRITION FACTS
LARGE PROGRAMME (P100+4yrs): BULGE + halo RRLs + TIICsMW & MC CepheidsMW & MC MirasA,B K type gints/supergiants
Parallel Programmes:ESO users + wineredPIONIER docet
WINERED@NTT vs APOGEES@du Pont
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north_cepheids_three.png
Galactic Cepheid
S Cru[Fe/H]=0.1J~5.5 magT_exp=30 sSeeing=0.75
SNR~200
BEFORE & AFTER telluric subtraction
with TELFIT à Huge savings of telescope time
Davide Fecit
Spectra collected during technical nights 1 month ago
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Spectra collected during technical nights 1 month ago
Galactic RR Lyrae
ACID TEST
SS Leo
[Fe/H]=-1.8J~10.5 magT_exp= 900 sSeeing=0.70SNR~200
Davide Fecit
BEFORE & AFTER telluric subtraction
with TELFIT à Huge savings of telescope time
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Spectra collected during february run
New Cl. Cepheid discovered by OGLEIV
J~12.5 mag
t_exp= 600 s
Seeing=0.90
SNR~60
Davide Fecit
BEFORE & AFTER telluric subtraction
with TELFIT à Huge savings of telescope time
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Spectra collected during february run
New RR Lyrae discovered by VVV transitionBulge/thick disk
J~13.0 mag
t_exp= 500 s
Seeing=0.8
SNR~45
Davide Fecit
BEFORE & AFTER telluric subtraction
with TELFIT à Huge savings of telescope time
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CONCLUSIONSà Marriage of convenience!!!
WINERED@NTT better sensitivity than SUBARU!!!
New results for supporting the large programme
No restrictions on targets and you can submit your own ESO proposal!!!
Collaborations are very very welcome!!!
E-ELT: FLI à MICADO/HARMONI/METIS
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Future developments-à Galaxy: Outer disk – KISOGP survery
Inner disk + NB à IRFS surveyOGLE IV
à Magellanic Clouds: field & cluster Cepheids
LACES à Abundances (PI: M. Romaniello) UVES + KMOS
VIMOS à radial velocity (PI: L. Inno)
à Transition from HR optical to NIR spectra GIANO, WINERED, CRIRES
à Kinematics & chemo-dynamical models
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Where we go with GIANO@TNG? 1) Optical à KISO Survey
2) NIR à IRSF Survey
GIANO HK-band
Is crucial in
highly reddened
regions
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Beyond The Galactic Centre: classical Cepheids
Matsunaga + (2016) à Press Release RAS + TSR!!
New constraints on stellar populations & Kinematics beyond the Nuclear bulge
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More than 1000 new Cepheids discovered by OGLEIV along the Galactic plane
Courtesy by A. Udalski
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CreditsTo young, differently young & senior
colleagues with whom I have the pleasure to share this wonderful adventure
THANKS!
D. Magurno (Rome), M. FabrizioASDC, L. Innoheid, S. Marinoni, P. Marrese, B. Lemasleheid, R. O. da Silva (asdc), K. Fukue (Tokyo)