Download - Night Vision-Ankit Tripathi
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Night vision technology has shaped history. Pre 1940s: Flares and spot lights were used
for operations at night.
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Due to the nature of these early night vision
devices (NVD), they gave away tactical
positions. Military scientists began to think of ways to
improve night vision to gain a strategic
advantage.
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The first night vision devices (NVD) were
created during WWII.
Functioned by placing an infrared filter over asearchlight.
Fighters would use special binoculars to see
using the light from the searchlights. Many problems came from this night vision
method.
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The screen was purposefully coloredgreen due to the scientific fact that the
human eye can differentiate more
shades of green that any other color.
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There were many disadvantages to using the
searchlights and flares. The actual searchlight was massive and had
to be mounted on a truck or tank.
Both the Allies and Nazis had thistechnology, so they each could see the otherslight.
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The images created were streaky and
distorted.
The acceleration of electrons cut the life ofthe image intensification tube, which was the
most important and expensive part of the
NVD,
very short. Military scientists began planning a revised
design.
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Post WWII NVD technology focused on the
ability to see without creating additionallight.
During this time period the first Generationof NVD began using intensified natural
lighting.
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Military scientists created a two-stage
cascade image tube.
This tube intensified the natural lighting andcreated a superior image for the viewer.
The power of Generation 1 NVD was put tothe test in the Vietnam War.
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StarTron Scopes intensification tubes were as
heavy as the rifles they were mounted on.
They were not sensitive enough to give clearimages in anything less than full moonlight.
The NVD emitted a whiney noise.
They would shut down if they were exposed
to a sudden burst of bright light.
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There were two major developments in NVD
technology after their test in Vietnam.
The first was a new micro-channel plate(MPC) that was light weight, and more
effective at focusing light into clear images.
The second major development was the
invention of thermal imagining.
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Thermal imaging allowed for NV even
through low natural lighted conditions.
It also allowed for NV through smoky, dusty,and foggy conditions.
These thermal imagers were expensive, so in1973 scientists created a common module
that made it less expensive, and more idealfor military use.
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The generation 2 NVD were first put to the
test by US forces in the early 1990s duringOperation DesertStorm in Kuwait.
The dark nights and harsh dusty conditionswere perfect for implementing the new
technology.
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The currently generations of NVS are
generations 3 and 4.
Generation 3 is much like generation 2 exceptfor it has a substantially longer life, as well as
more defined images.
Generation 4 has less noise than generation
3, however it has shorter life.
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Here is a chart comparing the life in hours of
the intensification tube for generations 1-3
Generation 1 Generation 2 Generation 3
2,000 hours 2,500-4,000 hours 10,000 hours
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U.S
. forces use generation 3because despite its slightly lessclear image, and slightly morenoisy design compared to
generation 4, it has a longerlife in hours which is moreimportant when all things areconsidered.
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Development of NVD up until the 1980s was
completely focused around military purposes. In the 80s, companies in the US and Europe
took NVT and found ways to improveeveryday civilian life.
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There are many practical everyday uses for
NVD, some of which are:
Law Enforcement
Hunting
Surveillance
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Security
Navigation
Hidden-Object detection
Entertainment
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