Download - Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule
![Page 1: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule.
![Page 2: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
DNA replication
![Page 3: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Before a cell can go through mitosis or meiosis, it’s DNA first must be copied.
![Page 4: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Replication
• The process of copying DNA. Occurs during late interphase (during the S phase)
![Page 5: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Replication• Step 1: DNA molecule separates into two strands - enzymes called helicase “unzip” molecule of DNA by breaking hydrogen bonds
![Page 6: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
DNA replication• Step 2:• Nucleotides are added to separated strands
of DNA.• -The enzyme DNA polymerase joins individual
nucleotides to produce a new strand of DNA.
![Page 7: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
New nucleotides are added to separated strand by following base pairing rules.
Nucleotides with nitrogen base A, pair with base T base C pairs with base G
![Page 8: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
DNA replication
• Step 3: As replication continues, the new strands twist into their helical form.
![Page 9: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
DNA replication enzymesDNA helicase an enzyme that unwinds and separates the two strands of the DNA double helix.
• DNA polymerase• Two functions:• 1. Attaches nucleotides to DNA strand• 2. Proofreads each new DNA strand
![Page 10: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Prokaryotic DNA replication
• Prokaryotic DNA is found in the cytoplasm. Most have a single, circular DNA molecule
• Replication in most prokaryotic cells starts from a single point and proceeds in two directions until the entire chromosome is copied
![Page 11: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Eukaryotic DNA replication
• Replication may begin at dozens or even hundreds of places on the DNA molecule, proceeding in both directions until each chromosome is completely copied.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=HBwyNrkYnp0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=zdDkiRw1PdU
![Page 13: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Telomeres
• The tips of chromosomes that make it less likely that important genes will be lost during replication.
![Page 14: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Telomeres
• The tips of chromosomes that make it less likely important genes will be lost during replication.
![Page 15: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What is the name of the enzyme that adds new nucleotides to the
separated DNA strand?
• DNA polymerase
![Page 16: Name one scientist who was involved in the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022081517/5681619e550346895dd155b9/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
1. What is the name of the process in which DNA makes a copy of itself?
2. What type of bond forms between two nitrogenous bases?