Download - Multiple Tools for IP Control
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Old way
Drugs, drugs, drugs
Newer, stronger, bigger doses
No longer sustainable
No new drugs
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Tools available
Knowledge
Genetics
Selective treatment
Parasite resistance
Rotational grazing
Parasite resistance
Land resource
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Knowledge
High risk animals
High risk times
Dry lot versus pasture
Stock density
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Knowledge
Larvae levelsLarvae levels
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Typical parasitic lifestyle
Eggs:
Development from egg to infective (L3) larvae can occur as early as 6 days
Molt into L1’s in the egg then hatch
Nematodirus develop into L3’s in the egg, then hatch
Most ova do not survive very cold ambient temperatures
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Typical parasitic lifestyle
L3’s - infective stage
Thick cuticle protects them from dryingCannot feed - finite life span
Warm temperatures increase their metabolic rate.
Can survive some freezing
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Haemonchus
Adults live in abomasumingest 0.05ml blood/worm/day
5000 worms will remove 250 ml of blood.
Adults are very prolific egg layers
Haemonchus L3’s are not as cold hardy as others
Most L3’s live for 1-3 months
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Genetics
Katahdin and NSIP
Dorpers ?, Boer goats ?
Genetic resistance vs production
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Selective treatment
FAMACHA
treat pale eyes
Labor
Faith
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Resistance
Our parasites truly resistant
Fecal egg reduction test
Drenchrite
Refusia
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Grazing management
Better forage productionBetter health statusEnough nutrients to feed sheep and parasites.
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Land Resource
Pasture A Pasture B
Hayed in 07 grazed in 07
Grazed in 08 hayed in 08
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Land Resource, option b
Pasture A Pasture B
Cattle in 07 Sheep in 07
Sheep in 08 Cattle in 08
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Land Resource, option b
Pasture A Pasture B Pasture C
Cattle in 07Sheep in 07 Hayed 07
Hayed in 08 Cattle in 08 Sheep 08
Sheep in 09 Hayed in 09 Cattle 09
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Safe pastures
No sheep or goats from either
July 1 to December 31
or
January 1 to June 30
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Alternative approaches
Cat thyme Sericea Lespedeza Copper wire bolus Fungus DE
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Research Design
Ewes:
0, .5, 1 and 2 g
Lambs:
0, .5, .75, 1.0 g
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Results FEC
Ewes: Day 7FEC increased in ewes to >2000 epg
for 0 and .5 gram doseFEC decreased in ewes to <1000epg
for 2 g dose
Note: 2 g ewes went up to >1500epg on day 35
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Results PCV
Ewes: from day 0 to day 21
all groups went down slightly
4 ewes had to be treated with PCV below 18
None were in the 2 gram group
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Results AST
Lambs: no indication of copper problems
Ewes: no indication of copper problems
Base diet is pasture and TM salt
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Applications
Extreme care2 gram dose is like feeding 25 PPM copper for 50 days
Documented resistance
Use serum AST with 2 g COWP in 5 ewes or less as first step
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Summary
Drugs (anthelminics) are not the solution
Develop whole farm strategy Be creative Work with your Veterinarian
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Questions