Download - Motivation Mms
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Motivation
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Motivation
It is the process that account for an
individuals intensity, direction, persistence
of effort towards attaining a goal.
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Prentice Hall, 2001 Chapter 6 3
What Is Motivation?
Direction
PersistenceIntensity
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How hard a
person tries
Intensity
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Efforts that is directed towards, and consistent with,
the organizations goals is the kind of effort that we
should be seeking.
Direction
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How long a person
can maintain effort
Persistence
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Prentice Hall, 2001 Chapter 6 7
Direction
PersistenceIntensity
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Theories of Motivation
Needs theories
Maslows hierarchy
of needs Herzbergs two
factor theory
Process theories
Expectancy Theory
Goal Setting Theory
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Prentice Hall, 2001 Chapter 6 10
MaslowsMaslows
HierarchyHierarchy
of Needsof Needs Self
Esteem
Social
Safety
Physiological
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Physiological : Includes hunger, thirst, shelter.
Safety : Includes security and protection from physical andemotional harm.
Social : Includes affection, belongings, acceptance, andfriendship.
Esteem : Includes internal esteem factors such as selfrespect, autonomy, and achievement; and external esteemfactors such as status, recognition, and attention.
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Self actualization : The drive to become
what one is capable of becoming; includes
growth, achieving ones potential and selffulfillement.
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Theory X and Theory Y
Theory X :-
Employees inherently dislike work and wheneverpossible, will attempt to avoid it.
Since they dislike work, they must be controlled orthreatened with punishment to achieve goals.
Employees will avoid responsibilities and seekformal direction whenever possible.
Most workers place security above all other factorsassociated with work and will display littleambition.
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Theory Y:-
Employees can view work as being as natural as rest orplay.
People will exercise self direction and self control if theyare committed to the objectives.
The average person can learn to accept, even seek,responsibility.
The ability to make innovative decisions is widely dispersedthroughout the population and is not necessarily the sole
province those in management positions.
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Contrasting Views of Satisfaction
and Dissatisfaction
Satisfaction Dissatisfaction
Traditional view
Satisfaction No satisfaction
Herzberg's view
No dissatisfaction Dissatisfaction
Hygiene Factors
Motivators
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Dissatisfaction
and
demotivation
Not dissatisfied
but
not motivated
Positive
satisfaction
and motivation
Hygiene Factors
Company policies
Quality of supervision
Relations with others
Personal life
Rate of pay
Job security
Working conditions
Motivational Factors
Achievement
Career advancement
Personal growth
Job interest
Recognition
Responsibility
Herzbergs Two-Factor Theory