Download - Modeling Procedure
Modeling ProcedurePLANE82 – 8-Noded Quadrilateral
SOLID186 – Ten-Noded Tetrahedral
198 Elements
5247 Elements
*Needed mid-nodes to model curves
ConvergenceTesting Performed To Ensure Model Precision
Meshes under 2000 elements exhibited inconsistent results
Mesh 9198 Elements
Mesh 7305 Elements
Mesh 6348 Elements
Mesh 5424 Elements
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 50009
10
11
12
13
14
15
Element Number
Equi
vale
nt S
tress
(MPa
)
Mesh 4640 Elements
Mesh 3919 Elements
Mesh 21239 Elements
Mesh 11749 ElementsMesh 1-Refined5247 Elements
Experimental Strain Testing
Averaged Elemental Equivalent Stresses over Gauge Region
Applied Load in Instron Machine
Experimental Strain Testing
0 0.5 1 1.5 20
5
10
15
20
Experimental StressANSYS 2D StressANSYS 3D Stress
Load at Cam Handle [kN]
Equi
vale
nt S
tress
[MPa
]
Photoelastic Comparison
Simulated loading in Photoelastic Apparatus
Created photoelastic model of cam lobe from clear polymer
Stress concentrations closely matched FE predictions
Photoelastic Comparison
General stress fields similar
Hard to simulate photoelastic stress fringes
Would have more success with Material specifications
Failure Analysis
30 kN(6750 lb)
20 kN(4500 lb)
15 kN(3350 lb)
Stress Results for 12.5 kN
(2800 lb)Loads Exceeding 12.5 kN were found to cause excessive plastic failure
Main failure regions were not in the arches
UIAA Standards require 12 kN rating for rope
Manufacturer Rating: 14.4 kN