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Modeling and Representing Atoms on
Paper
How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams
(sometimes called Lewis Structures)
![Page 2: Modeling and Representing Atoms on Paper How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structures)](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649f445503460f94c64c76/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Bohr Diagrams
Pictographic representation of an Atom
Shows information about the nucleus Electron energy levels Good for index cards and flash cards
![Page 3: Modeling and Representing Atoms on Paper How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structures)](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649f445503460f94c64c76/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Start with a rectangle about 2” x 4”
Bohr Diagrams
![Page 4: Modeling and Representing Atoms on Paper How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structures)](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649f445503460f94c64c76/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
At the top write the name, Atomic number, Mass number of the element and the atomic mass
Carbon Atomic # = 6 Mass # = 12
Atomic mass = 12.011 amu
Bohr Diagrams
![Page 5: Modeling and Representing Atoms on Paper How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structures)](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649f445503460f94c64c76/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Draw a small circle below the text that will represent the nucleus of the atom
In the circle write: the elemental symbol the number of Protons the number of Neutrons
Carbon Atomic # = 6 Mass # = 12
Atomic mass = 12.011 amu
C 6p+
6n0
Bohr Diagrams
![Page 6: Modeling and Representing Atoms on Paper How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structures)](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649f445503460f94c64c76/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Draw a larger circle around the nucleus circle to represent the first energy level for electrons
Carbon Atomic # = 6 Mass # = 12
Atomic mass = 12.011 amu
Add more circles outside to include all of the energy levels you need for the atom.
(Hint: In what period is the element?)
Carbon is in Period two and therefore needs two energy levels
C 6p+
6n0
Bohr Diagrams
![Page 7: Modeling and Representing Atoms on Paper How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structures)](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649f445503460f94c64c76/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Now add electrons, as small dots, to each energy level as allowed until you have the proper number of electrons for a neutral element.
Carbon Atomic # = 6 Mass # = 12
Atomic mass = 12.011 amuThe number of electrons should be equal to the number of protons.
Remember:
Energy
Level
# of e-
1 2
2 8
3 8C 6p+
6n0
If you need a third level make your circles a little smaller.
Bohr Diagrams
![Page 8: Modeling and Representing Atoms on Paper How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structures)](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649f445503460f94c64c76/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
You now have a complete Bohr Diagram
Carbon Atomic # = 6 Mass # = 12
Atomic mass = 12.011 amu
C 6p+
6n0
Bohr Diagrams
![Page 9: Modeling and Representing Atoms on Paper How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structures)](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649f445503460f94c64c76/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Electron Dot Diagrams
• Also called Lewis Structures• Representation of valence electrons
only• Useful only for “Representative
elements”• Gives some indication of the
geometry (shape) of compounds when used for bonding diagrams
• Easy to draw
![Page 10: Modeling and Representing Atoms on Paper How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structures)](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649f445503460f94c64c76/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Electron Dot Diagrams
• The Elemental Symbol serves as the representation of the nucleus
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Electron Dot Diagrams
• Dots are added around the nucleus to show electrons only in the outer energy level
Carbon has only 4 electrons in the 2nd energy level so we need only represent those 4
Like the Hund rule add 1 electron per side, then add more as needed.
![Page 12: Modeling and Representing Atoms on Paper How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structures)](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649f445503460f94c64c76/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Electron Dot Diagrams
• Lewis structures only apply to “Representative elements” (Group A elements)
Only s and p sublevel electrons in the outer or highest energy level are shown. These are called valence electrons.
The maximum number of electrons that can be shown are 8
![Page 13: Modeling and Representing Atoms on Paper How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structures)](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649f445503460f94c64c76/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Electron Dot Diagrams
• Lewis structures only apply to “Representative elements” (Group A elements)
The maximum number of electrons that can be shown are 8
Only s and p sublevel electrons in the outer or highest energy level are shown. These are called valence electrons.
![Page 14: Modeling and Representing Atoms on Paper How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structures)](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649f445503460f94c64c76/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Electron Dot Diagrams
• Lewis structures only apply to “Representative elements” (Group A elements)
The maximum number of electrons that can be shown are 8
Only s and p sublevel electrons in the outer or highest energy level are shown. These are called valence electrons.
![Page 15: Modeling and Representing Atoms on Paper How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structures)](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649f445503460f94c64c76/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Electron Dot Diagrams
• Lewis structures only apply to “Representative elements” (Group A elements)
The maximum number of electrons that can be shown are 8
Only s and p sublevel electrons in the outer or highest energy level are shown. These are called valence electrons.
![Page 16: Modeling and Representing Atoms on Paper How to draw Bohr Diagrams and Electron Dot Diagrams (sometimes called Lewis Structures)](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022082709/56649f445503460f94c64c76/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Electron Dot Diagrams
• Transition metals don’t have valence electrons. They have Oxidation Numbers
+2 +2 +2 +4
We’ll Talk about Oxidation Numbers Next Week!