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Minimalism
Basics of Minimalists:
Tried to eliminate composition from their work
Were focused on creating a purely visual piece, not concerned with hidden or deeper meanings
Were primarily a reaction against abstract expressionism
Basics of Minimalists (cont.):
Believed that 2-D art had a limited number of possible different works
Objectified their pieces/ wanted people to see the piece for what it is, not what it represents
Spawned Post-Painterly Abstraction- a movement that was less energetic and more colorful than previous movements, still nonrepresentational
Jackson Pollock, Untitled
Russian Constructivism
What does that mean?
It means that they didnt want their work to look assembled out of parts/elements
They completely did away with symbols and characters in their works
They blurred the line between 2-D and 3-D with shaped canvasses
Often, works were completely 3-D
Pieces were meant to be seen as literally what they are, not as metaphors
Who Inspired Them?
Minimalism was primarily a reaction against the individualism/ individual worship of abstract expressionism
The drew on the techniques of earlier artists and movements like the Constructivist movement, Ad Reinhardt, and Barnett Newman
What are their works known for?
Works are very ordered
No thought is given as to symmetry, but works are often symmetrical due to the artists drive for order
Works are often sculptures or at least semi 3-D
Finally, works are very simplistic in nature
Frank Stella
Who was Frank Stella?
Took art courses at Princeton, where he was exposed to the avant garde art of the time.
Kind of a player, liked to bet on horse races and owned a race car.
Didnt call himself a minimalist, that was thrust on him by others
Vaserely - Kedzi
Frank Stella- Turkish Mambo
Frank Stella- Harran II
Frank Stella-Effingham
Frank Stella- Whale Watch
Frank Stella Jarama II
Frank Stella-Bamboo Trophy II
Frank Stella Chinese Pavilion
Sol LeWitt
Sol LeWitt's Life
Was drafted in the Korean War in 1959
Took a job at the Museum of Modern Art in 1960
Influenced by the work of Frank Stella
Developed interest in Russian Constructivism
Later Life
Sol LeWitt's Influences
Eadweard Muybridge
Russian Constructivism
The Museum of Modern Art
Sol LeWitt's Style
The initial idea for the work is crucial
Creation of the works-Sol LeWitt designed them, and had others build/execute the work
Sol LeWitt's Influences
Wall drawings and installations
The importance of color and shape
Buried Cube Containing an Object of Importance but Little Value
1968
Series of Photographs
Focuses on the idea of the object being buried rather than a final product
Incomplete Open Cube
1974
Painted Aluminum
122 Unique variations from 3-sided to 11-sided
Incomplete Open Cubes - Planning
Incomplete Open Cubes - Finished
Four-Sided Pyramid
1997
Concrete blocks and mortar
Perspective and angles play an important part in the piece
Monumental Sculpture
2007
Acrylic on fiberglass
Part of a series of abstract 3-dimensional sculptures called Splotches
Monumental Sculpture - Planning
Wall Drawing 11
1969
Black pencil
Many early works were basic thin pencil lines in geometric forms
Wall Drawing 51
1970
Blue snap lines
The lines connect to every architectural point. Each iteration is unique.
Wall Drawing 340
1980
Red, yellow, blue crayon on red, yellow and blue wall
Created during an era of geometric experimentation.
Wall Drawing 766
1994
Color ink wash
The dimensions of the boxes reflect the shape of the space they occupy
Wall Drawing 684A
1999
Color ink wash
Early wall drawings utilized differently angled lines of various colors
Wall Drawing 1037
2002
Acrylic paint
Part of a series of wall drawings titled Bars of color within a square
Wall Drawing 1152
2005
Acrylic paint
Subtiled Whirls and Twirls
Wall Drawing 1260
2008
Graphite
Part of a series made with a graphite scribbling technique
Donald Judd
Donald Judd As a person
Was a Philosophy Major at Columbia, so very intelligent.
Is a self proclaimed Empiricist. (Philosophical standing)
Very Anti-war. (Vietnam and gulf war) And is a firm believer in preserving the environment.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t0stpkzsNDU
Judds Reliefs and Works
Key Works Include: Stacks, Boxes, and Progressions.
Works are Symmetrical and made of Industrial Materials.
Wants his works to be permanently installed. He states that are is fragile.
Donald Judd
ReliefMedium: Oil on composition board mounted on wood, with steel baking pan
1961
Donald Judd
Untitled (Stack). Lacquer on galvanized iron.
1967
Donald Judd
Untitled (Progression) Lacquer on galvanized iron.
1967
Donald Judd
100 untitled(boxes) in mill aluminum
1982-1986
Dan Flavin
Dan Flavin As a person
Had a religious catholic upbringing, Served in Military
Attended Columbia University and studied painting and drawing
Worked in Museums such as the Guggenheim and Museum of Modern Art before pursuing work.
Flavins Works
It is was it is and it aint nothin else Dan Flavin
Key characteristic: Used Fluorescent Lights, called his works Propositions, liked Corners and Diagonals
All the lights used in his work were mass produced
He often dedicates his art work to other people.
What is unique about his art from other minimalists is that the fluorescent lights only stay lit for a short while, making his art perishable.
Dan Flavin
Icon V(Corans Broadway Flesh)
1961
Dan Flavin
the diagonal of May 25, 1963 (to Constantin Brancusi)
1963
Dan Flavin
monument4 for those who have been killed in ambush (to P.K. who reminded me about death)
1966
Dan Flavingreens crossing greens (to Piet Mondrian who lacked green)- 1966
Dan Flavinuntitled (to Barry, Mike, Chuck and Leonard), 1972-1975.
Sources
JUDD
http://www.moma.org/collection/browse_results.php?criteria=O%3AAD%3AE%3A2948&page_number=13&template_id=1&sort_order=1
http://www.moma.org/modernteachers/large_image.php?id=205
http://www.chinati.org/visit/collection/donaldjudd.php
FLAVIN
http://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2004/flavin/early/early_p3.shtm
http://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2004/flavin/light/light.shtm
http://www.davidzwirner.com/artists/dan-flavin/exhibitions/solo/
http://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2004/flavin/early/golddiagonal_fs.htm
http://www.nga.gov/exhibitions/2004/flavin/monuments/monuments.shtm
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