UN
IVE
RS
ITY
OF
ME
MP
HIS
ph
oto
gra
ph
ye
xh
ibit
ion
su
mm
er 1
2
Th
e i
nte
gra
tio
n b
etw
ee
n t
he
Re
na
iss
an
ce
ph
ilo
so
ph
y o
f c
rea
tive
, p
rog
res
siv
e i
nn
ova
tio
n a
nd
ou
r 2
1s
t c
en
tury
art
pra
cti
ce
s a
re a
t th
e c
rux o
f th
is e
xh
ibit
ion
. T
he
stu
de
nts
in
th
is c
las
s w
ere
ch
arg
ed
wit
h d
raw
ing
in
sp
ira
tio
n
fro
m
the
a
rt
an
d
arc
hit
ec
ture
o
f R
en
ais
sa
nc
e-e
ra
Flo
ren
ce
a
nd
th
en
re
-in
terp
reti
ng
w
ha
t th
ey
sa
w
into
a
co
nte
mp
ora
ry v
isio
n u
tiliz
ing
Hig
h D
yn
am
ic R
an
ge
dig
ita
l im
ag
ing
an
d d
igit
al
pa
no
ram
ic s
titc
hin
g t
ec
hn
iqu
es
. T
he
dig
ita
l re
-in
terp
reta
tio
ns
are
no
t m
ea
nt
to b
e l
ite
ral,
lin
ea
r tr
an
sla
tio
ns
of
the
ori
gin
al
so
urc
e.
Ra
the
r, t
he
y a
re
pe
rso
na
l re
fle
cti
on
s a
nd
in
tern
aliza
tio
ns
of
wh
at
Mic
he
lan
ge
lo,
Bru
ne
lle
sc
hi,
Bo
ttic
elli,
or
Ga
lile
o m
us
t h
ave
fe
lt
wh
en
th
ey p
on
de
red
“w
ha
t if?
” F
ree
d f
rom
co
ns
tra
ints
, th
e c
rea
tive
min
d m
us
t w
an
de
r, a
nd
th
e a
ct
of
wa
nd
eri
ng
ne
ce
ss
ari
ly l
ea
ds
to
dis
co
ve
ry.
Mic
he
lan
ge
lo s
aid
, “A
ma
n p
ain
ts w
ith
his
bra
ins
, n
ot
wit
h h
is h
an
ds
.”
If a
nyth
ing
,
the
Re
na
iss
an
ce
pro
ve
d t
o u
s t
ha
t th
e i
nte
lle
ct
is t
he
en
gin
e o
f d
isc
ove
ry.
W
e w
ork
as
art
ists
, n
ot
be
ca
us
e w
e
ch
oo
se
to
do
so
, b
ut
be
ca
us
e w
e c
an
do
no
thin
g e
lse
.
Th
rou
gh
exp
lori
ng
ou
r a
rtis
tic
pa
st,
em
bra
cin
g o
ur
cre
ati
ve
pre
se
nt,
we
mo
ve
, e
ag
erl
y i
nto
th
e f
utu
re.
UN
IVE
RS
ITY
OF
ME
MP
HIS
SU
MM
ER
20
12
Intr
od
uc
tio
n
Flo
ren
ce
is
a c
ity w
ith
his
tory
bu
ilt
into
it.
It
is
in
teg
rate
d
into
th
e a
rch
ite
ctu
re,
the
art
, th
e f
oo
d,
an
d t
he
cu
ltu
re.
It
ha
s
a
tan
gib
le
pre
se
nc
e
yo
u
ca
n
fee
l w
he
n
yo
u
wa
lk
aro
un
d t
he
cit
y. T
his
fe
elin
g r
es
on
ate
s w
ith
me
in
th
e i
de
a
of
laye
rs a
nd
pe
op
le.
Th
e p
eo
ple
he
re a
re i
nn
ate
ly t
ied
to
a
pa
st
tha
t e
xis
ts
in
the
ir
pre
se
nt
live
s
an
d
ho
me
s.
Y
ou
c
an
’t
se
e
it
bu
t th
ere
is
a
re
pe
titi
on
o
f
tho
ug
hts
an
d a
cti
on
s t
ha
t, o
ve
r ti
me
, c
rea
tes
a b
ea
uti
ful,
cyc
lic
al
pa
tch
wo
rk.
I fin
d t
he
nu
me
rou
s m
arb
le f
igu
res
in
Flo
ren
ce
to
be
th
e
mo
st
co
mp
ellin
g R
en
ais
sa
nc
e a
rt.
Th
eir
bo
dy l
an
gu
ag
e
an
d e
xp
res
sio
ns
te
ll s
o m
uc
h a
nd
are
ve
ry d
iffe
ren
t fr
om
wh
at
we
s
ee
in
c
on
tem
po
rary
a
rt
be
ca
us
e
the
y
we
re
ma
de
fo
r a
diffe
ren
t p
urp
os
e,
ma
yb
e a
mo
re t
rue
on
e.
I
us
ed
th
em
to
in
sp
ire
th
e p
os
es
an
d a
llo
we
d t
he
cit
y t
o
pro
vid
e
the
ir
co
mp
lem
en
tary
p
air
ing
, w
hic
h
tog
eth
er,
tra
ns
late
m
y
ow
n
inte
rpre
tati
on
o
f th
e
Flo
ren
tin
e
exp
eri
en
ce
.
Am
illia
Ste
mb
rid
ge
Be
ing
an
art
ist,
i h
ea
r q
uit
e o
fte
n,
''yo
u c
an
sh
ow
se
ve
ral
pe
op
le th
e s
am
e p
ictu
re a
nd
it
s g
ua
ran
tee
d th
at
ea
ch
pe
rso
n w
ill
se
e s
om
eth
ing
diffe
ren
t.'' T
his
ve
ry d
iffe
ren
ce
is w
hy i
do
wh
at
it i
s t
ha
t i
do
. s
om
eti
me
s i
n t
he
pro
ce
ss
of,
i
am
fo
rce
d to
vie
w th
ing
s fr
om
th
e p
ers
pe
cti
ve
o
f
oth
ers
, a
nd
a
s im
lo
st
in th
eir
p
ers
pe
cti
ve
, i
fin
d th
at
so
me
art
im
ita
tes
th
e a
pp
ea
ran
ce
of
thin
gs
, n
ot
as
th
ey
are
in
re
ality
, b
ut
as
th
ey a
pp
ea
r a
t th
at
ve
ry m
om
en
t.
Da
nte
rrio
Da
ns
be
rry
Be
ing
an
art
ist,
i h
ea
r q
uit
e o
fte
n,
''yo
u c
an
sh
ow
se
ve
ral
pe
op
le th
e s
am
e p
ictu
re a
nd
it
s g
ua
ran
tee
d th
at
ea
ch
pe
rso
n w
ill
se
e s
om
eth
ing
diffe
ren
t.'' T
his
ve
ry d
iffe
ren
ce
is w
hy i
do
wh
at
it i
s t
ha
t i
do
. s
om
eti
me
s i
n t
he
pro
ce
ss
of,
i
am
fo
rce
d to
vie
w th
ing
s fr
om
th
e p
ers
pe
cti
ve
o
f
oth
ers
, a
nd
a
s im
lo
st
in th
eir
p
ers
pe
cti
ve
, i
fin
d th
at
so
me
art
im
ita
tes
th
e a
pp
ea
ran
ce
of
thin
gs
, n
ot
as
th
ey
are
in
re
ality
, b
ut
as
th
ey a
pp
ea
r a
t th
at
ve
ry m
om
en
t.
Ma
ny o
f m
y y
ea
rs a
s a
n a
rtis
ts h
ave
be
en
sp
en
t a
dm
irin
g
the
wo
nd
ers
of
Ita
lia
n c
ult
ure
. H
ow
eve
r, m
y e
xp
ec
tati
on
s
of
Ita
ly h
ave
ra
dic
ally
sh
ifte
d a
fte
r b
ein
g s
ub
me
rse
d w
ith
in
its
cu
ltu
re.
As
I a
m p
rep
ari
ng
to
le
ave
, I
am
le
ft w
ith
on
ly
me
mo
rie
s
of
the
se
ve
ry
inti
ma
te
mo
me
nts
. T
he
se
mo
me
nts
re
su
rfa
ce
w
ith
in m
y w
ork
th
rou
gh
c
on
ce
ptu
al
exp
lora
tio
n
by
pa
irin
g
the
se
s
ee
min
gly
ti
me
les
s
Ita
lia
n
pie
ce
s in
ju
xta
po
sit
ion
a
ga
ins
t m
y p
ers
on
al
ep
he
me
ral
exp
eri
en
ce
s w
hile
in
Ita
ly.
Mo
lly
Bro
wn
Ma
ny o
f m
y y
ea
rs a
s a
n a
rtis
ts h
ave
be
en
sp
en
t a
dm
irin
g
the
wo
nd
ers
of
Ita
lia
n c
ult
ure
. H
ow
eve
r, m
y e
xp
ec
tati
on
s
of
Ita
ly h
ave
ra
dic
ally
sh
ifte
d a
fte
r b
ein
g s
ub
me
rse
d w
ith
in
its
cu
ltu
re.
As
I a
m p
rep
ari
ng
to
le
ave
, I
am
le
ft w
ith
on
ly
me
mo
rie
s
of
the
se
ve
ry
inti
ma
te
mo
me
nts
. T
he
se
mo
me
nts
re
su
rfa
ce
w
ith
in m
y w
ork
th
rou
gh
c
on
ce
ptu
al
exp
lora
tio
n
by
pa
irin
g
the
se
s
ee
min
gly
ti
me
les
s
Ita
lia
n
pie
ce
s in
ju
xta
po
sit
ion
a
ga
ins
t m
y p
ers
on
al
ep
he
me
ral
exp
eri
en
ce
s w
hile
in
Ita
ly.
UN
IVE
RS
ITY
OF
ME
MP
HIS
SU
MM
ER
20
12
Wa
s i
t a
Dre
am
…..
Be
fore
le
avin
g f
or
Ita
ly,
I w
ou
ld s
it a
nd
dre
am
ab
ou
t th
e
op
po
rtu
nit
y to
vis
it th
e p
lac
es
I
love
d to
s
tud
y. S
inc
e
ari
vin
g in
It
aly
, I
ha
ve
b
ee
n in
a
we
o
f th
e c
ap
ac
ity fo
r
gre
atn
es
s.
Eve
ryth
ing
fro
m t
he
art
ists
to
arc
hit
ec
ture
of
Tu
sc
an
y h
ave
in
sp
ire
d m
e.
Ma
ny t
ime
s,
a Z
en
lik
e f
ee
lin
g
ha
s
ove
rta
ke
n
me
w
hile
s
tro
llin
g
thro
ug
h
the
It
alia
n
str
ee
ts.
Wh
ile
be
hin
d t
he
ca
me
ra l
en
s c
ap
turi
ng
th
e c
ity
str
ee
ts o
f Tu
sc
an
y, I
fe
el
a s
en
se
of
cla
rity
. T
he
im
ag
es
I
ha
ve
be
en
ab
le t
o c
ap
ture
re
pre
se
nt
a t
ime
of
pa
st
an
d
pre
se
nt,
a s
po
nta
ne
ou
s m
om
en
t th
at
ha
s c
ap
ture
d t
he
es
se
nc
e o
f Tu
sc
an
y a
nd
th
e R
en
ais
sa
nc
e.
I h
ave
be
en
wa
lkin
g a
rou
nd
in
a
d
rea
m s
tate
s
inc
e a
rivin
g to
It
aly
,
exp
eri
en
cin
g
so
me
thin
g
tha
t m
os
t p
eo
ple
n
eve
r w
ill.
Wh
en
I
tra
ve
l b
ac
k
ho
me
, w
ill
I w
on
de
r-
Wa
s
it
all
a
dre
am
?..
....
Co
urt
ne
yB
arn
we
ll
In
ge
ne
ral,
a
rt
is
pla
ce
d
in
a
“lo
ok,
do
n’t
to
uc
h”
atm
os
ph
ere
. B
arr
iers
a
re c
on
sta
ntl
y u
se
d to
ke
ep
th
e
pu
blic
aw
ay f
rom
art
wo
rks
. H
ow
eve
r, t
his
is
no
t tr
ue
fo
r
arc
hit
ec
ture
, w
hic
h a
lwa
ys
ha
s b
ee
n m
ea
nt
to b
e u
se
d b
y
pe
op
le.
A
rch
ite
ctu
re
in
Ita
ly
ha
s
a
lon
g
his
tory
w
ith
bu
ild
ing
s c
on
str
uc
ted
fo
r e
cle
cti
c f
un
cti
on
s.
La
te G
oth
ic
an
d R
en
ais
sa
nc
e I
taly
, in
pa
rtic
ula
r, s
aw
th
e m
ark
ed
ris
e
of
larg
e e
cc
les
ias
tic
al
bu
ild
ing
s t
ha
t p
us
he
d a
rch
ite
cts
,
en
gin
ee
rs,
ma
so
ns
, a
nd
art
ists
to
im
pro
ve
up
on
or
ou
tdo
the
pa
st.
Alt
ho
ug
h
the
se
b
uild
ing
s
are
s
till
be
ing
u
se
d
by
the
ma
ss
es
to
da
y, t
hro
ug
h t
he
la
st
five
or
six
ce
ntu
rie
s a
nd
ca
refu
l s
tud
y, th
ey h
ave
ri
se
n to
th
e le
ve
l o
f a
rtw
ork
s
the
ms
elv
es
. V
iew
ing
th
es
e p
art
icu
lar
ch
urc
he
s t
hro
ug
h
ma
nm
ad
e
ba
rrie
rs
rein
forc
es
th
e
“lo
ok,
do
n’t
to
uc
h”
fra
me
wo
rk i
n w
hic
h a
rt i
s p
lac
ed
.
Ale
xa
nd
raP
ea
rso
n
Be
ing
in
th
e
mid
dle
o
f a
d
en
se
c
ity
like
F
lore
nc
e
or
Ve
nic
e,
th
e
co
mm
on
a
rc
hit
ec
tu
re
o
f
th
e
ap
art
me
nts
,sto
res
, a
nd
ch
urc
he
s i
s a
do
min
ati
ng
as
pe
ct
of
the
vis
ua
l p
erc
ep
tio
n o
f th
e c
itie
s.
B
efo
re a
rriv
ing
I
kn
ew
w
ha
t th
e s
tre
ets
a
nd
b
uild
ing
s lo
oke
d like
, fr
om
mo
vie
s,
bo
oks
, m
ag
azin
es
, b
ut
the
co
ntr
as
tin
g a
sp
ec
t o
f
the
arc
hit
ec
ture
th
at
i d
idn
't i
ma
gin
e w
as
th
e a
bu
nd
an
ce
of
gra
ffit
i.
T
he
It
alia
n
cit
ies
a
re
fille
d
wit
h
ch
urc
he
s,
sym
bo
ls,
an
d p
laza
s d
ed
ica
ted
to
s
ain
ts a
nd
c
hri
sti
an
ido
ls,
ne
ve
rth
ele
ss t
he
city s
tre
ets
are
rid
dle
d w
ith
its
ow
n
sym
bo
ls a
nd
me
ss
ag
es
ge
ne
rati
ng
fro
m,
wh
at
i c
an
on
ly
as
su
me
, th
e d
evia
nts
of
the
ita
lian
cit
ize
ns
. T
his
co
ntr
as
t
be
twe
en
tra
dit
ion
an
d d
evia
tio
n i
s w
ha
t in
sp
ire
d m
e.
My
ph
oto
s
are
, in
it
se
lf,
its
o
wn
fo
rm
de
via
tio
n.
the
arc
hit
ec
ture
is
wa
rpe
d t
ran
sfo
rmin
g i
t in
my o
wn
wa
y l
ike
the
g
raff
iti
do
es
o
n
its
o
wn
.
the
p
ho
tos
a
re
left
u
n-
cro
pp
ed
,be
ing
fa
r fr
om
tr
ad
itio
na
l m
eth
od
s,
it
furt
he
r
de
fin
es
th
e p
ara
lle
l b
etw
ee
n m
y p
ho
tos
a
nd
th
e g
raff
iti
wit
hin
th
em
.
Su
lly A
lle
n
Th
e u
biq
uit
ou
s b
icyc
le –
o
nc
e h
um
an
s d
isc
ove
red
th
e
wh
ee
l, l
ife
ch
an
ge
d f
ore
ve
r.
Co
mm
erc
e,
ind
us
try,
tra
ve
l,
all b
ec
am
e th
e p
erv
ue
o
f th
e c
om
mo
n m
an
. F
rom
it
's
inv
en
tio
n,
the
b
ike
h
as
re
pre
se
nte
d
fre
ed
om
,
ma
ne
uve
rab
ility
, re
cre
ati
on
an
d p
urp
os
efu
l tr
an
sp
ort
ati
on
.
Bu
t a
s u
niv
ers
al
as
it
ha
s b
ec
om
e,
the
bic
yc
le c
an
be
a
tru
e m
ark
er
of
sp
ec
ific
c
ult
ura
l id
en
tity
. It
is
a
w
ay to
wo
rk,
a w
ay t
o g
et
the
kid
s t
o a
nd
fro
m s
ch
oo
l, a
me
an
s
of
tra
ns
po
rtin
g g
oo
ds
to
an
d f
rom
th
e m
ark
et
– a
mu
lti-
fac
ett
ed
ma
ch
ine
th
at
ca
n s
till m
ain
tain
it'
s o
wn
in
div
idu
al
an
d
un
iqu
e
ide
nti
ty.
Wh
en
s
ee
n
in
the
ir
na
tiv
e
en
vir
on
me
nt,
th
e c
om
mu
nit
y o
f th
e b
icy
cle
re
fle
cts
co
nte
mp
ora
ry
c
ult
ure
. T
he
ir p
hy
sic
al
an
d s
oc
ial
inte
rac
tio
ns
e
mu
late
th
os
e
of
the
p
reva
ilin
g
so
cia
l
str
uc
ture
in
bo
th h
arm
on
iou
s a
nd
co
nte
ntio
us w
ays.
Th
ey
joc
ke
y f
or
sp
ac
e,
co
mp
ete
fo
r re
so
urc
es
, s
ha
re c
om
mo
n
ne
ed
s,
ma
ke
s
ed
uc
tive
p
hys
ica
l c
on
tac
t a
nd
e
nd
ure
ne
gle
ct
an
d r
eje
cti
on
. T
he
cu
ltu
re o
f th
e b
icy
cle
is
an
in
sig
htf
ul
me
tap
ho
r fo
r h
um
an
na
ture
.
Da
vid
Ho
ran
At
Pa
lazzi:
Ga
bri
ella
Ga
nu
gi
Pre
sid
en
t
Da
ph
ne
Ma
zza
nti
De
an
of
Ac
ad
em
ic A
ffa
irs
Da
vid
We
iss
DIV
A C
ha
ir
Lu
ca
Bu
cc
iare
lli
vice p
resid
ent
for
univ
ers
ity
rela
tio
ns a
nd
pro
gra
m d
eve
lop
ment
Ele
on
ora
Ac
co
rsi
Fa
cilit
ies
Ma
na
ge
r
At
Th
e U
niv
ers
ity o
f M
em
ph
is:
Re
be
cc
a L
au
ma
nn
Stu
dy A
bro
ad
Dir
ec
tor
Jo
na
tha
n H
olla
nd
Stu
dy A
bro
ad
Ad
vis
or
Ric
ha
rd L
ou
De
pa
rtm
en
t o
f A
rt C
ha
ir
Ac
kn
ow
led
ge
me
nt
We
wo
uld
lik
e t
o e
xte
nd
ou
r g
rati
tud
e t
o t
he
fo
llo
win
g p
eo
ple
fo
r th
eir
ge
ne
rou
s a
ss
ista
nc
e i
n m
akin
g t
he
Me
mp
his
Ph
oto
Pro
gra
m a
t P
ala
zzi,
an
d t
his
exh
ibit
ion
, a
su
cc
es
s:
di
va
digital
imaging
visual
arts
PA
LA
ZZO
DO
NI F
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REN
CE IT
ALY
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REN
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