Download - Memory
Memory
Memory Process
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
Memory Test #1
Recall vs. Recognition
Process of Memory
• Sensory Register – see, hear, feel, limbic system
– Iconic – visual (memory task #2)
– Echoic – auditory
– Eidetic – photographic memory (#3)
Process of Memory
• Short Term Memory (STM) • aka – “working memory”
– Conscious recognition
How much information can you How much information can you hold?hold?
Try to see if you can remember all of the Try to see if you can remember all of the following numbersfollowing numbers
Memory Task #4
736
3795
06935
759354
8340385
02148594
395076395
1793057848
Short Term Memory
• On average, most people can hold about 7 items in short term memory at a time– Phone numbers– Maintenance rehearsal - repetition– Varies by individual
Serial Position Test
Listen to the list of words that I will read aloud. When I give you the cue, try to write down as many as you can
remember.
Memory Task #5
Primacy and Recency
• Nation
• Uncle
• Valley
• Skin
• Question
• Record
• Animal
• Roof
• Weather
• Doctor
• Circle
• Friend
• Railroad
• Shade
• Machine
• Thought
• Gold
• Season
• Class
• Movie
Process of Memory
• Long Term Memory (LTM)– Types:
• Procedural – how to do things
• Factual – bits of information– “Generic”/Semantic – facts
– Episodic – personal, “flashbulb”
Yet another memory testYet another memory test
Try to remember as much as possible of the following long string of letters.
When I give you the cue, see how many you can write down.
(Test #6)
N
B
C
C
I
A
F
B
I
P
B
S
Write down what you remember.
“Chunking”
NBC
CIA
FBI
PBS
Memory Strategies
•Visualization – loci method
•Mnemonics
•Chunking
•Multi-sensory
•Elaborate
Elaboration TestElaboration Test
As you see the words, follow the instruction to either:
-count the e’sor
-place in a category
At the end, see how many you can remember and write down.
(Test #7)
Date
Pitcher
Violet
Black
Maine
Wind
Spring
Bridge
Jefferson
Lead
Jam
Rattle
Grass
Marker
Page
Cookie
Bat
Plumber
Chair
Perch
Host
File
Beethoven
Bulb
Rock
Anger
Freud
Giggle
Egg
Notwithstanding
• Date
• Black
• Bridge
• Grass
• Cookie
• Bat
• Chair
• Host
• File
• Beethoven
• Bulb
• Anger
• Freud
• Giggle
• Egg
• Pitcher
• Violet
• Maine
• Wind
• Spring
• Jefferson
• Lead
• Jam
• Rattle
• Marker
• Page
• Plumber
• Perch
• Rock
• Notwithstanding
Sorted E’s Category
How about another memory How about another memory test?test?
I will read a list of words aloud. Try to remember as many of the words as possible and write them down when I
give the cue.
False Memories / Déjà Vu
Did you write the word sleep?…
…It wasn’t in there.
Memory Issues
•Mind Decay
•Disease
•Interference
•Proactive
•Retroactive
•Distortion or construction
•Chemicals•State dependent•Voluntary drugs•Involuntary drugs
•Context Dependent
•Physical – amnesia
•Severe trauma
•repression