Download - Measuring variables 3
SESSION 6 B
MEASURING THE DEPENDENT VARIABLES
Kinds of Data
• Demographic• Interview• Survey• Questionnaire• Observations• Rating Scales• Grades• Test Scores• Performance Ratings
Data Collection Instruments
• Researcher Completes– Rating Scales– Interview Schedules– Tally Sheets– Flowcharts– Performance Checklist– Anecdotal records– Time & motion logs– Rubrics
• Subject Completes– Questionnaires– Self Checklists– Attitude scales– Personality or Character
inventories– Achievement / aptitude
tests– Performance tests– Projective devices– Sociometric Devices– Rubrics
Data Collection MatrixWhat am I measuring?How?From Whom?
Dependent variables
Sources
Students Parents other Teacher
1. Math achievement
Math chapter test
Observe them solving problems
2. Attitude Likert Scale
3.
Create a Likert Scale:Measuring Concepts - Process
• Define concept• Brainstorm indicators of concept• Operationalise – draft a measurement device• Pilot test• Examine psychometric properties
– how precise are the measures?• Redraft/refine and re-test
Operationalisation
• Operationalisation is the act of making a fuzzy concept measurable.
• Social sciences often use multi-item measures to assess related but distinct aspects of a fuzzy concept.
Fuzzy Concepts - Mindmap
Fuzzy Concepts - Mindmap
Factor Analysis Process
Method: InstrumentGreenleaf 1992 scale (16 items)
Reliability & Validity
Reliability vs. Validity
Reliability
Reproducibility of a measurement
Action Research Proposal:Step 1: What is your problem? Step: 2 What is your research question?Step 3: Detailed description of your intervention.Step 4: Description of Sample Step 5: Data Collection MatrixStep 6: Likert Scale