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THE CNAO EXPERIMENTAL LINE & FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
Marco Pullia
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Future and R&DFuture and R&D
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R&D activitiesR&D activities
Gating
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On-line imaging
“Minimal” choice: breathing synchronisation(already applied in Chiba and HIT, planned at
External surrogates with correlation models
breathingbreathing
(already applied in Chiba and HIT, planned at CNAO)
correlation models
X-rays
Ultrasound, MRI
breathingtrigger
extractiontrigger
breathingtrigger
extractiontrigger
,
Particle radiography
Bmax
B1B2
extrE 1
extrE 2
extrE 3
B3
trigger
Bmax
B1B2
extrE 1
extrE 2
extrE 3
B3
trigger
time
E 1
< 1 s < 0.2 s
E 2 E 3
time
E 1
< 1 s < 0.2 s< 1 s < 0.2 s
E 2 E 3
Interesting also for IMRT: lots of efforts and devices
(Review in Riboldi et al, Lancet Oncology 2012) (Courtesy of Medical Intelligence)
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R&D activitiesR&D activities
Gating Cycle Shorteningy g
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Cycle shorteningCycle shortening
Reduce delays Long flat top (to avoid repetitions with faint spots)g p ( p p ) Dynamic betatron Ch t / d f h Chopstop/end of charge Smaller hysteresys cycle for protons
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R&D activitiesR&D activities
Gating Cycle Shorteningy g Experimental room
High energy beam line High energy beam line New ion species (1 < Z < 8)
M di b li Medium energy beam line
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Present
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Experimental roomp
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New source/new particles (1)/ p ( )
Additional ion speciesp
H He Li C OZ 1 2 3 6 8I (p/s) 1 00E+10 2 50E+09 1 11E+09 2 78E+08 1 56E+08I (p/s) 1.00E+10 2.50E+09 1.11E+09 2.78E+08 1.56E+08K (MeV/u) 250 250 250 400 400
Higher energy Hefor radiographyg p y
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New source/new particles (2)/ p ( )
Additional ion speciespH He Li Be B C N O
Z 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8I (p/s) 1.00E+10 2.50E+09 1.11E+09 6.25E+08 4.00E+08 2.78E+08 2.04E+08 1.56E+08K (MeV/u) 330 400 400 400 400 400 400 400
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Further in future: 7 MeV/u beam?/
30% of users is interested
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Parasitic operationParasitic operation
To synchrotron
100 ms 100 us
3 s
To XPR
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R&D activitiesR&D activities
Gating Cycle Shorteningy g Experimental room
High energy beam line High energy beam line New ion species (1 < Z < 8)
M di b li Medium energy beam line
Gantry
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Further in future: gantriesFurther in future: gantries
Expansion foreseen in the design
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Phase 1 (2003)
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Phase 2 (2003)
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SETTO DI PROTEZIONE (lavori di espansione)
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Size and magnetic rigiditySize and magnetic rigidity19
Conventional RTCarbon Ion GantryB < 6.4 TmB < 6.4 Tm
Proton GantryB < 2 4 TB < 2.4 Tm
M. Pullia – Carbon ion gantries – ICTR-PHE 2012
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ULICE WP6 CooperationULICE WP6 Cooperation
20Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)
Work package number 6
Start date or starting event: M1
Work package title
Activity Type
Participant id
Carbon Ion Gantry
RTD
1CNAO
5MEDA
6Etoile
18INFN
4CERN
CNAO PartnershipN hi M i (100%)
Person-months per beneficiary 117 9 6 4 18
- Necchi Monica (100%)- Savazzi Simone (100%)- Viviani Claudio (100%); from the 1st September 2010 substituted by L t V l i
Involvement of industrial partners has been pursued,
other institutional and LanteValeria- Osorio Moreno Jhonnatan (100%) – PARTNER Project WP21
academic partners are participating, as well,
totally for free
The ULICE project is co-funded by the European Commission under FP7Grant Agreement Number 228436.
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Firms involvedSchärSchär
Th b ilt th t t t t PSI They built the two protons gantry at PSI (Villigen)PPS and PVS for the treatment rooms at CNAO (Pavia)
MT MT MechatronicsMechatronicsIt is an experienced international specialist in designing
d t ti t k i i h t i feasibility of the mechanical structure of a mobile isocentre gantry dimensions equal to 2/3 with respect to a fixed isocentre gantry
and constructing turn-key precision mechatronicsstructures including drive control hard- and software.They built the only existing carbon ion gantry in Heidelberg: turn-key supply including development, engineering fabrication erection measurement and
g y total structure cost 20% less than a fixed isocentre gantry
engineering, fabrication, erection, measurement and adjustment, commissioning and test.
Critical issues discussion Inputs useful for the treatment cabin KoneKone Inputs useful for the treatment cabin design Comparison of costs for the 3 different mechanical structures
KoneKoneThey have competences in special lifts (e.g. escalatorsand autowalks); they set the standard for safety,reliability, visual design, space savings and
ibaibaibaibaIBA has pioneered proton therapy. With proven efficacy in more than 50 000 patients worldwide
y g genvironmental performance. They revolutionized theelevator industry through their sustainable, energy-efficient designs.Design and study for the efficacy in more than 50,000 patients worldwide,
more than 50% of the world’s PT clinical centresdesigned and equipped by IBA. Their Universal Nozzle provides 4 delivery modes with millimetre precision including Pencil Beam
g yplatform and service lift system Cost estimate for the complete system Critical issues discussionCritical issues discussion
21
with millimetre precision, including Pencil Beam Scanning
p y Critical issues discussion Inputs useful for the treatment cabin design Technical details of gantries
Critical issues discussion Inputs useful for the treatment cabin design Technical details of gantries
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Beam line
22
S h tS h tMatch 1
SynchrotronSynchrotronPhase shifter stepper
hMatch 2
RotatorRotator
Gantry
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23
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The ULICE gantry: mechanical structurewithout brackets
24
without brackets
London Eye
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The ULICE gantry: mechanical structurewith half brackets
25
with half brackets
-1.37 mm
Gantry mass: 350 t
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Magnet misalignment effectMagnet misalignment effect26
Isocenter displacement for structuredeformation at various gantry angles
Isocenter displacement for randommagnet alignment errors in the gantry
0.60
0.80
1.00DY dipole tilt
all6.00E‐03
8.00E‐03
1.00E‐02 0°
30°
60°
90°
0 00
0.20
0.40
DX
dipole shift
quads shift2.00E‐03
4.00E‐03
‐0.40
‐0.20
0.00‐1.00 ‐0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00
‐4.00E‐03
‐2.00E‐03
0.00E+00‐1.00E‐02 ‐5.00E‐03 0.00E+00 5.00E‐03 1.00E‐02
‐1.00
‐0.80
‐0.60
‐1.00E‐02
‐8.00E‐03
‐6.00E‐03
1.00E 02
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The ULICE gantry: Beam Based Alignment
27
Measure where the beam isand put the isocenter there…
PVS BPIS
COUCH
One robot arm with two “tools”
CNAO treatment room #2: PPS and PVS
One robot arm with two tools
N
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Parasitic dose to patientParasitic dose to patient28
Measurement have been performed shooting fourspills against water tanks simulating the preliminarybeam position measurement
The dose measured 0.5 m on the side of the target gwas less than 10 uSv for both protons and carbonions. ions.
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The ULICE gantry: cost estimates
29
Magnets (k€) 1705
Magnets PS (k€) 975
M h i l Mechanical structure &
assembling (k€)5920
Patient cabin &
PPS (k€)3960
PPS (k€)
PVS (k€) 1360
Patient handling (k€) 225Patient handling (k€) 225
Gantry building (k€) 1500
TOTAL (k€) 15645
+ conventional plants, cooling and ventilation, access control…common to any solution
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R&D activitiesR&D activities
Gating Cycle Shorteningy g Experimental room
High energy beam line High energy beam line New ion species (1 < Z < 8)
M di b li Medium energy beam line
Gantry HeCheck
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HeCheckHeCheck
Simultaneously accelerate 99.9% C and 0.1%He (in Dose)
Beam PMMA Patient 3D Detector Real time ~radiography and patient thickness (range)
verification
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ConclusionsConclusions
R&D is fundamental in a plant like CNAO A dedicated facility for experimental activities isy p
being designed Facility construction can be scheduled in stages Facility construction can be scheduled in stages
(HEBT, source, MEBT, Gantries, …)M ibl t di ibl b th f i i Many possible studies possible both for improvingthe machine and for general advances
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