Download - Malaysian Studies Lesson 8
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There are 3 important steps as
government efforts in handling the problem
of weakness in unity:
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Political Efforts
Among political measures taken are actions
through the legislative system, where laws
and acts are made by Parliament to settleproblems related to unity
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Political Efforts
First, the Constitution contains a number of
clauses oriented towards racial equality
such as allocations that provide protectionto certain communities.
For instance articles related to the special
rights of the Malays and citizenship for
others.
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Political Efforts
Secondly, the acts passed by Parliament
safeguard understanding among the races.
Among then is Seditions Act/Incitement Act1948 aimed at preventing an individual
from raising sensitive issues.
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Political Efforts
Matters that are not allowed to be
questioned:
1. The position of Malay as nationallanguage
2. The position of Malay rulers
3. The special rights of the Bumiputra4. The citizenship rights of non Bumiputra
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Political Efforts
Thirdly, the Internal Security Act (ISA)
aimed at protecting the countrys interests
and internal security. The Act empowers the government to
arrest and detain whomsoever that is
thought to create internal security
problems.
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Political Efforts
Fourthly, the Alliance (BN) today which
unites parties into one bigger multi-racial
organization.
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Economic Effort
Economic problems constitute a serious
obstacle to creating unity.
Visible economic differences among racescan give rise to feelings of discontent or
envy that can spark off conflict
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Measure taken
The five-year plans and government
development policies aimed at having
economic equity among the races and toreduce identification of race by economic
activity.
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Social and Cultural Effort
The introduction of National Cultural Policy 1971.
It was hoped that a national culture would create
a national identity for the plural society of
Malaysia.
In Malaysia, the national culture is founded upon
the Malay culture with the incorporation of
elements from other cultures found in the country.
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The Basis of Racial Unity in Malaysia
Sharing of political power among different
ethnic groups.
Three political partners-UMNO,MCA andMIC-that the sharing of political power is an
effective means for managing a multi-ethnic
society
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Democratic Government
A person can voice and make criticisms
only within the confines of the law that
protects the individual concerns.
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Economic Growth
Economic growth through equitable
redistribution and taking into account the
aspirations of the different races. Continuous economic growth in the past
decades made it possible to reduce the gap
between communities.
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Cultural Compromise
Readiness to accept cultural and religious
diversity as a source of strength
Cultural diversity is a reality; thatconstitutes today, a strength in the building
of the Malaysian nation.
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National Integration Strategies in Malaysia
Unity of the people can exist if there is
already unity within each ethnic group
1. Therefore efforts to unite the members ofan ethnic group need to be carried out
before trying to create national unity
(among the ethnic groups).
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National Integration Strategies inMalaysia
2. National unity can be achieved when
economic differences among ethnic
groups are reduced and subsequentlyeliminated.
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National Integration Strategies inMalaysia
3. The implementation of all policies,
economic, social, cultural and so on,
should not stop certain ethnic groups fromcarrying out any rightful activity in the
areas concerned.
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National Integration Strategies inMalaysia
4. To make sure that policies made and
implemented should be based on
principles of compromise among theleaders of the ethnic groups.
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Method to Achieve
National IntegrationMethods For Socio-psychological
Development
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Formal Education
Socialization process at school and tertiary
level, the curriculum is complete with
elements that furnish in-depth knowledge ofthe ethnic groups to inculcate the spirit of
unity
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Methods For Socio-psychologicalDevelopment
Co-curriculum activities
Continuous education
Social groups Social activities
Tourism within the country
Mass media
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Methods for Socio-economic Development
Improving educational infrastructure
Create bumiputra entrepreneurs and
professionals Development of rural infrastructure
Development of rural folks
Development in the small enterprisesector