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MAJ Kathy Fallis Operations Officer95th Civil Support Team - WMD
Current Detection Capabilities in the WMD
Arena
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• 22 Full-Time Army and Air National Guardsmen whose only mission is to support civil authorities.
24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
1200 to 1800 hours of certified individual training.
US Army C,B,R,N,E training.
Civilian Police/Fire/EMS and HAZMAT training.
9595thth Civil Support Team - Civil Support Team -Weapons of Mass Destrucion (CST-WMD)Weapons of Mass Destrucion (CST-WMD)
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Support civil authorities at a WMD incident site by:
IDENTIFYING CBRNE agents/substances
ASSESSING current and projected consequences
ADVISING civilian responders regarding appropriate actions and response measures
ASSISTING with requests for additional State, Federal and DoD assets
SAVING LIVES, preventing human suffering,
and mitigating great property damage
Civil Support Team MissionCivil Support Team Mission
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• Robust Detection Capability
• Trained on Local, State and Federal response
• Trained across all Functional Areas
• Expertise in specific WMD fields
CST -vs- HAZMAT TeamsCST -vs- HAZMAT Teams
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9595thth and 9 and 9thth CST (WMD) Primary CST (WMD) Primary Areas of Responsibility Areas of Responsibility
95th CST (WMD) 250 mile Radius
response – Bay Area
(#1 priority)
95th CST (WMD) 250 mile Radius
response – Bay Area
(#1 priority)
9th CST (WMD) 250 mile Radius
response – LA Area
(#1 priority)
9th CST (WMD) 250 mile Radius
response – LA Area
(#1 priority)
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• Full Team Deployment• Split-team Deployment
Science Team Communication Section Operations Section can provide technical
reference capability from home station Medical Team Survey Section Decon Team
Deployment OptionsDeployment Options
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Ground-based Assets
Command Vehicle Unified Command Suite
Decontamination VehicleMedical Support Vehicle 2 @ Survey Trucks
Analytical Lab
Air movement requires: 4 ea C-130 / 1 ea C-17 / 1 ea C-5
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• 8 Survey Team Members
• Conduct CBRNE/TIC/TIM Reconnaissance
• Environmental Sampling Operations
• Limited Mitigation Operations
Survey CapabilitiesSurvey Capabilities
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• Aerial Photography and Satellite imagery
• Site Plans
• Synchronization of Resources
• Pre and Post Incident CBRNE Threat Analysis
• C4 (Command, Control, Computers and Communications)
Operations CapabilitiesOperations Capabilities
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• Provides information on population and critical facilities.
• Provides Down-range Hazard plume modeling.
• iClient models • Reach back with National
Atmospheric Release Advisory Center (NARAC)
• Consequence Assessment Tool Set (CATS)
• Hazardous Predictions And Assessment Capabilities (HPAC)
• GIS integration and Analysis
Modeling CapabilitiesModeling Capabilities
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• Provide interface across the spectrumof first responder frequencies and response organizations.
• Secure Reach Back to experts at varied State and Federal agencies.
• Provide secure telephone, internet, networking, and facsimile capabilities to an incident scene.
• Focused on interoperability and Common Operating Picture (COP)
Communications CapabilitiesCommunications Capabilities
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• Medical Officer (PA, MD, DO)
• Medical Operations Officer (Medical Liaison)
• Advise on treatment of WMD casualties.
• Integrates DoD medical support
• Medical Intelligence• Technical Reference• Medical Surveillance
Programs
Medical CapabilitiesMedical Capabilities
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• Nuclear Medical Science Officer
• Medical NCO
–Equipped to conduct laboratory based, on-site presumptive of WMD and TIC/TIM
• Nuclear Medical Science Officer
• Medical NCO
–Equipped to conduct laboratory based, on-site presumptive of WMD and TIC/TIM
Analytical CapabilitiesAnalytical Capabilities
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Decontamination CapabilitiesDecontamination Capabilities
• Two Man Technical Decon Team
• Chemical, Biological & Radiological Decon
• Limited Mass Decon Capabilities
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Threat Agent Characteristics
Solids BWAs: B.anthracis spores, etc. Radiological: RDD, Nuclear, etc. Chemical: TIC/TIMs
Liquids CWAs, Toxins, TIC/TIMs
Gases CWAs, TICs
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Chemical Warfare Agents(CWAs)
Nerve:GA – tabunGB - sarinGD - somanGF – cyclosarin
(cyclohexyl)sarinVX
Choking:CG – phosgene
Blister:H - mustardHN1, HN2, HN3 – nitrogen mustardsL – lewisite(CX – phosgene oxime)
Blood:AC – hydrogen cyanideCK – cyanogen chloride
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M8 PaperUsed to test liquids
Color change indicates presence of agent:
Yellow = G agent Green = VX Red = L or H agents
If substance beads on paper – aqueousIf substance is absorbed - organic
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M256A1 Vapor Sampling Kit
Tests for vapors of:
Blood Agents - AC, CK
Blister Agents – H series, CX, Lewisite
Nerve Agents – G series, VX
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M256A1 Vapor Sampling Kit
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Gas Analysis (Draeger) Tubes
•Samples drawn into analysis tubes by hand- or automatic pump•Tubes contain sorbents containing reactive materials•Color changes indicate presence/absence and quantification of contaminant
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Photo Ionization Detectors (PIDs)
Multi-gas meter
LEL, O2, and 2 sensors of choice: CO, H2S, SO2, NO, NO2, Cl2, HCN, NH3, PH3
0-2000 ppm measurementof VOC’s to 0.1 ppm resolution
Lamp energies from 8.3 – 11.7 eV
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Ion Mobility Spectroscopy (IMS)
APD-2000 ICAMIONSCAN
ACADA
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Ion Mobility Spectroscopy (IMS)
Molecules ionized by radioactive () emitters (Americium-241 or Nickel-63)
Pass through weak electrical field toward ion detector
Time to detector is proportional to mass of molecule
Advantages: operates at atmospheric pressure
small, lower power requirements, less weight, easy to use.
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Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor Systems(SAW)
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Fourier Transform Infrared SpectroscopyFT-IR
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Fourier Transform Infrared SpectroscopyFT-IR
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Fourier Transform Infrared SpectroscopyFT-IR
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Attenuated Total ReflectanceFourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
(ATR) FT-IR
Internal reflection spectrometry
IRE composed of Ge, ZnSe, or diamond
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Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS)
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Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS)
For analysis of VOCs and some semi-volatiles
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GC-MS Results
NIST library: 190,000+ compounds
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Biological Warfare Agents (BWAs)
Toxins: Ricin Botulinum toxin SEB Mycotoxin T2 Saxitoxin Tetrodotoxin
Viruses:VariolaVEEDengueHantavirusMarburgEbola
Bacteria:B. anthracisC. botulinumF. tularensisBrucella spp.V. choleraeY. pestisS. typhii
Ricketssiae:C. burnettiR. typhiiR. ricketsii
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Basic Microbiology
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Immunoassays(HHA, ELISA)
• Mimics body’s immune defense system• Pathogen Specific
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Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR) Thermocyclers
RAPIDJBAIDS
LightCycler
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Genetic Based DetectionReal-time PCR
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Microscopywith ATR FT-IR
•Allows for separation of components of mixtures
•Each individual particle can be examined and analyzed using integrated ATR FT-IR
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MicroscopyPolarized Light Microscopy (PLM)
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Stereomicroscopy
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Brightfield/Darkfield Microscopy
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Radiological Detection
AN/VDR-2
Measures:• Beta ()• Gamma ()
• Provides dose and dose rate information
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Radiological Detection
AN/PDR-77
Detects and measures:
• Alpha ()• Beta ()• Gamma ( • Low energy X-ray radiation
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Radiological Detection/Protection
AN/UDR-13“Pocket Radiac Set”
Measures:• Gamma ()• Neutron radiation
• Measures total dose and provides dose rate information
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Radiological Detection
FieldSpec/Identifinder
Detects:• Gamma () & Neutron (n)• Identifies Isotopes• Quantifies Contamination
• Geiger-Mueller detector()• NaI(Tl) scintillation detector ()• He-3 detector (n)
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Questions?
Contact Info: MAJ Kathy Fallis95th CST(WMD)
1525 W. Winton Ave., Bldg. 9Hayward, CA 94545