![Page 1: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Main Points
1) Interspecific competition-- interference and exploitative competition-- example: competitive exclusion by singing mice-- regional species pools and local communities-- example: character displacement in mustelids
2) The dilution effect, nestedness, and Lyme disease outbreaks
Terms: interference competition, exploitative competition, Connell’s hypothesis, regional species pool, local community, habitat filtering, competitive exclusion, character displacement, dilution effect, nestedness
Pre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NAWednesday 6 Nov = NA
Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions.
Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov.
1
![Page 2: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
Punchline #1: most dogs are monogamous, but the smallest dogs tend to be polygynous and the largest dogs tend to be polyandrous. This is because of an unusual negative allometrywith body mass and pup weight, and an unusual positive allometry with body mass and litter weight.
![Page 3: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
Punchline #2: we discussed a study that tested for the influence of predator hunting strategy and plant defense on the outcome of a trophic cascade. The trophic cascade was contingent on plant defense, but not on predator hunting strategy.
![Page 4: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
exploitative competition = negative interaction between pairs of species, routed through a resource.
_ _
_
_
Interspecific competition
![Page 5: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Interspecific competition
interference competition = negative interaction between pairs of species, where one species directly inhibits another from consuming a resource.
_
_
?
![Page 6: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
L. cana
Peers et al.2013.
Canada lynx bobcat
![Page 7: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
• Connell’s hypothesis = species interactions limit distributions in benign conditions; abiotic factors (moisture, temperature) are limiting when they are severe.
Peers et al.2013.
Canada lynx bobcat
![Page 8: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• regional species pool = all of the species whose geographic ranges overlap a site/area/locality.
• local community = area over which individuals encounter and interact with one another.
Community assembly and interspecific competition
8
![Page 9: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Regional species pools
X
![Page 10: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
X
Regional species pools
![Page 11: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
11
X
X
Regional species pools
![Page 12: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
12
X
Regional species pools
![Page 13: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
X
Regional species pools
![Page 14: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
X
X
X
Regional species pools
![Page 15: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
X X
X
X
X
Regional species pools
![Page 16: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
Discussion Q: come up with 2-3 hypotheses for why pinyon mice and American pikas did not occur at this sampling site.
X X
X
X
X
![Page 17: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
M. nivalis
• habitat filtering = species at a site share abilities to allow them to exist in particular habitats.
• competitive exclusion = only species that are not too ecologically similar can coexist at a site.
Regional species pools
![Page 18: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
Regional species pools and competitive exclusion
![Page 19: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
19Pasch et al. 2013.
Alston’s singing mouseScotinomys teguina
Chiriqui singing mouseScotinomys xerampelinus
![Page 20: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
20Pasch et al. 2013.
Alston’s singing mouseScotinomys teguina
Chiriqui singing mouseScotinomys xerampelinus
![Page 21: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
21Pasch et al. 2013.
Alston’s singing mouseScotinomys teguina
Chiriqui singing mouseScotinomys xerampelinus
![Page 22: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
M. nivalis
• habitat filtering = species at a site share abilities to allow them to exist in particular habitats
• competitive exclusion = only species that are not too ecologically similar can coexist at a site
• character displacement = divergence of a trait of two or more similar species where they overlap, so that both use different resources
Regional species pools
![Page 23: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
23
M. nivalis
Dayan et al. 1989.upper canine diameter (mm)
1.5 2.0 2.5
Mustela frenata
M. erminea
Character displacement in Mustela
![Page 24: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Community Assembly
24
Mustela frenata
M. erminea
![Page 25: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Community Assembly
25
M. erminea
M. nivalis
![Page 26: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Community Assembly
Mustela frenata
26
M. erminea
M. nivalis
![Page 27: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Nestedness and the Dilution Effect
• dilution effect = high host diversity reduces disease risk
27
![Page 28: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Lyme Disease and the Dilution Effect
28
Ostfeld et al. 1996.
![Page 29: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
29
Lyme Disease and the Dilution Effect
![Page 30: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
30
Lyme Disease and the Dilution Effect
![Page 31: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
• nestedness = tendency for species-poor communities to form regular subsets of species-rich communities
31
Nestedness and the Dilution Effect
![Page 32: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
32
Nestedness and the Dilution Effect
![Page 33: Main Points - jakegoheen.comPre-reading: Monday 4 Nov = NA Wednesday 6 Nov = NA Review sesh Monday 4 Nov. Please come with questions. Test #2 Wednesday 6 Nov. 1. 2 ... more similar](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022071223/6085694e5b51d14a77698b06/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
From Allen et al. 200333
Nestedness and the Dilution Effect