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MACv2
an AeroCom product
Stefan Kinne, MPI-Meteorology
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AeroCom • an (basically) unfunded initiative
– collaborative spirit – no competition
• founded by common interests to advance understanding of model complexity – common experiments / (input) emission data
• linking data and simulation groups – annual meetings … now with AeroSAT branch
• open access data archive visualization – http://aerocom.met.no/Welcome.html (talk to Jan)
• advance (climate) science understanding – contributing to IPCC
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based on community spirit
• data and modeling exchange (annual reunions) • understanding of needs and limitations • developing relationships / friendships • sharing and helping (rather than competing)
• PARIS 2003 where it started
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… over the years the participation kept growing
2015
2004
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a
… and there always was something to remember
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its heart: the data base
http://aerocom.met.no/ ....
• 15 years of collection • simulations with complex aerosol modules
• for data access à [email protected] • visual interface for (quick) comparisons
• to other models / simulations / assimilations • to ‘observational’ data (Aeronet, satellite data)
• http://aerocom.met.no/cgi-bin/aerocom/surfobs_annualrs.pl
• you are encouraged to work with the data ! • data are waiting to be analyzed !!!
maintained by Michael Schulz
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Max-Planck Aerosol Climatology ftp ftp-projects.zmaw.de/aerocom/climatology/MACv2_2017
• 1x1 deg global, monthly, aerosol opt. properties • capturing today’s average properties for
• column amount (‘attenuation’) AOD • column absorption (‘composition’) AAOD • particle ‘size’ information FMF, Angstrom
– how? …. combine! • quality statistics from sun-photometer data • completeness from bottom-up modeling
relying on OBSERVATIONS
of AERONET and MAN plus background from modeling (no direct use of satellite data)
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why MAC ? … climate studies require aerosol rad. properties
• simulations from global modeling • accuracy suffers from input and complexity • time-consuming
• prescription by a climatology (e.g. MAC) • direct link to observations • fast (and simple to implement)
while the climatology can be a nice option in many applications … the reliance on context from global modeling underlines to importance on advancements in detailed aerosol modeling
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use observations if you can
AOD
AAOD (10 times)
FMF
ANG (div by 2)
annual means
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complete modeling …..
AOD
AAOD (10 times)
FMF
ANG (div by 2)
…..
annual means
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extended with model context à MACv2
FMF
AAOD (10 times)
AOD
ANG (div by 2)
annual means
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particularly useful with extra help
• to make it useful for climate applications – anthropogenic fraction
– fine-mode only (no anthrop dust) – temporal variability (seasonality) – temporal variability (inter-annual)
– only anthrop AOD change (const coarse-m.) – spectral variability – vertical distribution – microphysics (fine-mode size à CCN conc.)
– changes to low cloud properties
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ver.2 vs ver.1 (what changed?)
• merge absolute quantities, now in two steps • not relative properties (SSA, FMF, …)
• use MAN data over oceans • reduced dep. on modeling
• use a different (higher) PI fine-mode state • anthropogenic AOD dropped by 30%
• outcome – AOD remains similar, but anthrop AOD smaller – AAOD is much stronger
• less direct forcing (-0.5W/m2 to -0.2Wm2)
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recent ver.2 update (what changed?)
• better absorption attribution to size-modes • allows now to quantify aerosol components
fine AOD 50%
coarse AOD 50%
fine AAOD (10 times)
70%
coarse AAOD (10 times)
30%
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AOD by components ………
. BC black carb OC org. carb SU sulfate DU dust SS seasalt
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AOD SSA ASY rad. transfer needs
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AOD SSA ASY rad. transfer needs
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dir rad. impacts
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at surface direct effect most important
� �clr-sky 2005
all-sky 2005
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changing impact on surf net fluxes
1985 clr-sky
2005 with ISCCP Clouds + indirect Via CCN
2005 clr-sky
1985 with ISCCP Clouds + indirect Via CCN
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final slide
• update for MACv2 is available ftp ftp-projects.zmaw.de/aerocom/climatology/MACv2_2017
– next monthly pdf in place of single value – considering changes in fine-absorption – for specific spectral data needs: contact me
• forcing (and rad.effects) – indirect (via clouds) eff.s most import at TOA – direct effects most imp. in atm and at surface – over the last decades the aerosol induced
reductions to on surface net-fluxes increased