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LTE Radio Network Planning Tutorial

Copyright by Innovative Solutions. All rights reserved. www.is-wireless.com

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Copyright by Innovative Solutions. All rights reserved. www.is-wireless.com Copyright by IS-Wireless. All rights reserved. www.is-wireless.com

Step 1: Initial planning

Step 2: Detailed planning

Step 3: Parameter planning

Step 4: Verification and acceptance

Roll-out / network optimization / extension

Our scope

of interest

LTE Radio Network Design Overall Picture


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Example: Frequency response

Link Level Simulator

System settings/Environment:

• System BW

• Channel (CIR, CFR)

• Number of Antennas

• PAPR, Synchronization, Channel estimation algorithms, etc

Inputs

• User allocations

• MCS

• MIMO operation

• User/control data

Outputs

• Performance of channel coding/BER

• EVM

• Performance of algorithms

• Visualization (Time and frequency

plots, BER curves, MCS curves:

throughput vs SNIR)

Provides the possibility to adjust/evaluate:

- algorithms of sync, channel estimation,

- application in various channel conditions,

- RF emission, filtering

Channel coding/modulation

Input data

Output.

System settings

Radio Channel

Sync/Estim

Channel decoding Output.

Output.

Tools in the Planning Process Link Level Simulator


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Example: SINR map

RNP Tool


• Chosen and tuned propagation models

• Chosen and tuned traffic models

• Geographical data – digital map (elevation, land usage, …)

Inputs

• Site locations and configuration

• Antenna models (patterns)

• Available frequencies and BWs

• Spectrum reuse method

• MCS mapping (from Link Level)

Outputs

• Coverage (field strength, Rx power level,

best server)

• Capacity (interference, SNIR, data rates)

• Visualization (coverage/capacity maps,

statistics)

Usually Static Simulations


- Site locations, powers, spectrum reuse

methods, frequency planning,

- parameter configuration.

Pathloss

Rx_Lev

Best server

C/I

Bit/rates

Network parameters Map

MCS

mapping

Output.

Output.

Output.

Output.

Output.

Tools in the Planning Process RNP Tool


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System Level Simulator


• System BW

• System parameters configuration (CellIDs, frequencies)

• Channel, traffic, user distribution models, etc

Inputs

• Coverage (from RNP tool)

• Capacity (from RNP tool)

• Site location (from RNP tool)

• QoS

• User positions

• RRM algorithms

Outputs

• Utilization of resources

• Dynamic/Semi-static

coverage/SNIR/Bitrates

• Blocked users

• Visualization (SNIR/Spectral

efficiency, resource utilization)

• Mobility performance

Example: Spectral efficiency

Usually Dynamic Simulations


- different RRM algorithms,

- power control algorithms

- traffic shaping methods,

- interference management schemes

- fade margins, UE power margins

UE position

Random fading

Conn. Est.

Power/datarate

Interference

Input from RNP Traffic demands/QoS

RRM alg.

Output.

Output.

Positio

n a

dju

stm

ent

Tools in the Planning Process System Level Simulator


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1 slot (0.5 ms)

Control Region:

First 1-3 OFDM Symbols in subframe

PCFICH – OFDM symbol 0,

PHICH – OFDM symbol 0

PDCCH – the rest

PBCH – 4 OFDM symbols (0-3)

in slot 1 in subframe 0

Synchronization Signal:

2 OFDM symbols (5-6) in slot 0 and 10

P-SS – OFDM symbol 6 in slot 0 and 10

S-SS – OFDM symbol 5 in slot 0 and 10

BW

PDSCH – rest REs

DC

1 subframe (1 ms)

62

SCs

72

SCs

1 Radio Frame (10 ms)

12 SC

7 OFDM Symbols

RS RE

2 PRB

E-UTRA Radio Frame Downlink

OFDM Subcarrier

OFDM Symbol

Guard Band

for P-SS and S-SS


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BW

R2

R3

R1

Pt

t

f

E-UTRA Resource Allocation OFDMA/SCFDMA Combined with TDMA

TTI=1ms 12x15kH

z


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Link budget

EIRP

Pt

TX

SNIR

N + I

RX

Pr

P_sens

GAINS, LOSSES, MARGINS

Pr = Pt + GAINS - LOSSES - MARGINS

Question: what is the cell

edge criterion?

Distance d

- Max throughput at the cell edge

- Basic connectivity (i.e., lowest possible MCS)

- Ref RX sensitivity requirement

SNIR_min

LTE Link Budget General Rules


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Parameter Value Comment

A Max eNB TX power 46 dBm

B Cable loss 3 dB

C CP loss 1 dB

D eNB antenna gain max 19 dBi

E EIRP max 61 dBm = A – B – C + D

BW_RX 1.8 MHz

F Noise power -102 dBm

G SNIR_min 5 dB From MCS tables

H UE antenna gain 0 dBi

I Min required RX power -97 dBm = F + G - H

J total path loss 158 dBm = E – I

K Other gains, losses, margins - 10 dB Shadowing, fast fading, multiantenna

L Maximum Allowed Propagation Loss 148 dBm = J + K

Cell range 3.5 km

eNB TX

UE RX

LTE Link Budget Example Link Budget in Downlink


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* Omni 2-sectors 3-sectors

Site_area 2.6 * d2 1.3 * d2 1.95 * d2

Intersite_distance 0.87 * d 2* d 1.5 * d

After determiation of cell range (radius) d

we can estimate the site coverage area

GRID

to be entered into the RF Planning tool for verification

* Source: J. Laiho, A. Wacker, T. Novosad, „Radio Network Planning and Optimization for UMTS”, Wiley, 2002, pp 83

#sites = deployment_area / site_area

LTE Coverage Site Coverage Area and Inter-Site Distance


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Backup slides


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LTE/LTE-Advanced course portfolio List of IS-Wireless’ courses

Contact Us: Email: [email protected] www.is-wireless.com

Download - LTE Radio Network Planning Tutorial from IS-Wireless

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