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Long Island Council on Alcoholism and
Drug Dependence, Inc.LICADD
516-747-2606631-979-1700
1-800-585-5422www.licadd.org
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A foreign substance introduced into the body that produces change in normal body functioning
Mind and mood altering substances
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Alcohol Amphetamine Cannabis Hallucinogens Opiates Benzodiazepines Sedatives Stimulants
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Why do people use drugs?
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CuriosityPeer pressure
RelaxationAnxietySocial
acceptance Depression
Escape Energy
Lose inhibitions
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Stress from school Relationships (friends) Relationships (romantic) Family pressures and problems Transitions and fitting in Independence (driving) Availability of drugs and alcohol
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RISK DISAPPROVAL USE
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Risk Factors for Drug Use and Abuse
Family history- predisposition to drug or alcohol problems
Close friends who use drugs or alcohol
Early first use
Diagnosed or undiagnosed depression/other mental health disorders
Problems in school/learning disabilities
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Gateway drugs include alcohol, nicotine and marijuana.
Subtle changes in attitudes and related behaviors.
Defense mechanisms: denial, rationalization and intellectualization ‘backfire’ and create dysfunction.
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Abstinence Infrequent use Early abuse Abuse Dependence
Intensive Treatment
Drug Involvement
Brief intervention:Schools, courts, pediatric clinics, emergency rooms, mental health clinics
Adapted from Broadening the Base of Alcohol Treatment (IOM)
BI as supplementaltherapy
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Physical: the body has adapted to the drug and the lack of it will lead to specific withdrawal symptoms.
Psychological: a sense of need for a specific substance is felt either for the drugs’ perceived effects, or to avoid the negative effects associated with abstinence.
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“A disease process characterized by the continued use of a substance despite physical, psychological or social harm.”
A disease of the mind (as seen in the DSM-IV-R).
Dysfunctional defense mechanisms and lack of healthy coping skills.
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Shift in interests
towards substance use
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Young people who begin drinking before age 15 are 4 times more likely to develop
alcohol dependence than those who abstain until age
21.CAMY Report, 2007
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Each year, approximately 5,000 people under the age of 21 die as a result of underage drinking1,900 deaths from motor vehicle
accidents1,600 homicides 300 suicides
U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, 2007
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Alcohol kills 6½ times more teenagers than all illicit drugs.
95% of violent crimes on college campuses are alcohol-related.
High levels of alcohol use interferes with brain development
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It is illegal for any person over the age of eighteen who owns, rents, or otherwise controls a private residence, to allow the consumption of alcoholic beverages by any minor on the premises
This law provides a legal basis for holding adults responsible for knowingly allowing parties for individuals under the age of 21 to occur at a place under their control, whether or not they provide the alcohol.
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5 SIGNS1.Decline in school work and grades2.Abrupt change in friends, groups, or actions3.Sleeping habits/abnormal health issues4.Deteriorating relationships with family5.Less open and honest
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Substance abuse is a disease.
Left untreated it will progressively get worse.
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Long Island Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence, Inc. (LICADD):
www.licadd.org516-747-2606 or 1-800-585-5422
Alcoholics Anonymous Hotline Nassau County:
516-292-3045 Narcotics Anonymous Nassau County:
516-827-9500