meatpromotion.wales
Little Book of Meat FactsCompendium of Welsh Red Meat and Livestock Industry Statistics 2019
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means without the prior written consent of HCC. Whilst all reasonable care has been taken in preparation, no warranty is given as to its accuracy and to the maximum extent permitted by law no liability accepted for any loss or damage caused by reliance upon any statement or omission from this publication.
Hybu Cig Cymru – Meat Promotion Wales (HCC) is the industry led organisation responsible for the development, promotion and marketing of Welsh red meat.
Development within the IndustryHCC undertakes research and development, dissemination of information and training relevant to each part of the supply chain, to ensure the Welsh red meat industry is in a position to improve quality, increase cost-effectiveness and add value to Welsh red meat products across the whole supply chain.
Market DevelopmentHCC is active in many important markets worldwide: developing and strengthening business opportunities for Welsh red meat exporters.
At home HCC works with retailers, independents and food service operators, undertaking regular promotional programmes for Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) Welsh Lamb and Welsh Beef.
CommunicatingHCC ensures that information regarding developments relating to Welsh red meat are made known to stakeholders and consumers.
For more information on any of the above topics, please visit the website at meatpromotion.wales or contact HCC on 01970 625050 or by email at [email protected]
Contents
1
Foreword
Contents
2
Section 1 – General InformationFigure 1.1 Most common farm types in Wales, by region, June 2018 ..... 7Table 1.1 Human population and land area by Welsh region and
UK country, 2017 ...................................................................................... 8Table 1.2 Agricultural holdings by size (ha) and by UK country, 2017 . 8Table 1.3 Welsh holdings by farm type, June 2018 ....................................... 9Figure 1.2 Distribution of farms, cattle and sheep by farm type 2018 ..... 9Table 1.4 Value of Welsh agricultural output, 2017 ...................................10Table 1.5 Contribution of agriculture to the regional UK
economies, 2018 .....................................................................................11Table 1.6 Farm business income by country and type of farm ..............11Table 1.7 Direct payments to farmers in the UK ..........................................12Table 1.8 Prinicipal grants and subsidies - total payment in Wales .........12Table 1.9 Number and throughputs of all Welsh abattoirs .....................13Figure 1.3 Changes in Welsh abattoir numbers ..............................................13Figure 1.4 Monthly livestock auction market throughputs, Cattle,
England & Wales, 2018 .......................................................................14Figure 1.5 Monthly livestock auction market throughputs, Sheep,
England & Wales, 2018 .......................................................................14Table 1.10 Auction markets by size of finished stock throughput in
Wales, 2018 ...............................................................................................15Table 1.11 Auction market throughputs of finished stock by GB
country, 2018 ............................................................................................15Table 1.12 Abattoirs in Wales slaughtering cattle, sheep and pigs,
March 2019 ................................................................................................16Figure 1.6 Changes in total UK meat consumption ......................................17Figure 1.7 Changes in red meat purchases by product in
GB, 2017/18 ...............................................................................................18Figure 1.8 Comparison of retail market share by meat type in GB ........18Figure 1.9 Retailer volume share of total red meat trade in GB, 2018 ..19
Page
Contents
3
Page
Section 2 – CattleFigure 2.1 Beef cattle density in Wales, June 2018 .......................................20Figure 2.2 Dairy cattle density in Wales, June 2018 .....................................21Table 2.1 Welsh cattle numbers by category ................................................22Table 2.2 Changes in number of holdings in Wales with
beef and dairy cows ...............................................................................22Figure 2.3 Changes in cattle numbers in Wales .............................................23Figure 2.4 Calf registrations on holdings in Wales, 2018 ...........................23Table 2.3 Suckler calf production costs in Wales, 2017/18 .....................24Table 2.4 Throughput of cattle and calves in Welsh abattoirs ..............25Table 2.5 Total cattle slaughterings by UK country, 2018 .......................25Table 2.6 Percentage distribution of prime cattle carcases in GB
by conformation and fat class, 2018 .............................................26Table 2.7 Number and throughputs of abattoirs in
Wales slaughtering cattle ...................................................................26Figure 2.5 Retailer volume shares of beef sales in GB, 2016-2018 .......27Table 2.8 Changes in beef purchases, expenditure and average price
in Wales & GB, 2017/18 ......................................................................27Table 2.9 Volume and value of UK beef imports ..........................................28Table 2.10 Volume and value of UK beef exports ..........................................28Table 2.11 UK beef imports ......................................................................................29Table 2.12 UK beef exports ......................................................................................30Table 2.13 UK monthly beef trade, 2018 ............................................................30Table 2.14 Deadweight cattle prices in England and Wales ......................31Table 2.15 Liveweight cattle prices in England and Wales ........................32Table 2.16 Rearing calf prices in England and Wales ...................................32Figure 2.6 Seasonality of prime cattle liveweight prices, England
and Wales, 2015-2018 ..........................................................................33Table 2.17 Store cattle prices in England and Wales ....................................33Figure 2.7 Seasonality of beef sales at GB retail by cut .............................34Figure 2.8 Age profile of male and female prime cattle at
GB abattoirs, 2018 ..................................................................................35Figure 2.9 Retail beef cuts sold in GB by volume, 2018 .............................35
4
Contents
Section 2 – Cattle (cont)Table 2.18 Retail prices for selected beef cuts in GB ...................................36Table 2.19 GB farm to retail price spread – beef ............................................37Figure 2.10 Changes in beef retail price spread ................................................38Table 2.20 UK beef and veal balance sheet ......................................................38
Section 3 – SheepFigure 3.1 Sheep and lamb density in Wales, June 2018 ............................39Table 3.1 Sheep numbers in Wales by category .......................................... 40Table 3.2 Changes in number of holdings in Wales with sheep ........... 40Figure 3.2 Changes in breeding ewe numbers in Wales ............................ 40Table 3.3 Lamb production costs in Wales, 2016/17 ..................................41Table 3.4 Throughput of total sheep in Welsh abattoirs ..........................42Table 3.5 Total sheep slaughterings by UK country, 2018 .......................42Table 3.6 Percentage distribution of lamb carcases
in Wales by conformation and fat class, 2018 ...........................43Table 3.7 Number and throughputs of abattoirs in
Wales slaughtering sheep ..................................................................43Figure 3.3 Retailer volume shares of lamb sales in GB, 2016-2018 ..... 44Table 3.8 Changes in lamb purchases, expenditure and average price in Wales and GB, 2017/18 ....................................................... 44Table 3.9 Volume and value of UK sheep meat imports ...........................45Table 3.10 Volume and value of UK sheep meat exports ...........................45Table 3.11 UK sheep meat imports ...................................................................... 46Table 3.12 UK sheep meat exports .......................................................................47Table 3.13 UK monthly sheep meat trade, 2018 .............................................47Table 3.14 Deadweight sheep prices in GB .......................................................48Table 3.15 Liveweight sheep prices in Wales ...................................................49Figure 3.4 Seasonality of prime lamb liveweight prices, Wales,
2015-2018 ..................................................................................................50Table 3.16 Store sheep prices in England and Wales ....................................50Figure 3.5 Seasonality of lamb sales at GB retail by cut ............................51Table 3.17 Retail prices for selected lamb cuts in GB ..................................52Figure 3.6 Retail lamb cuts sold in GB by volume, 2018 ............................53
Page
Contents
5
PageSection 3 – Sheep (cont)Figure 3.7 Percentage of lambs meeting target specification by
weight range in Wales, 2018 .............................................................53Table 3.18 GB farm to retail price spread – lamb ...........................................54Figure 3.8 Changes in lamb retail price spread ..............................................55Table 3.19 UK sheep meat balance sheet ..........................................................55
Section 4 – PigsTable 4.1 Pig numbers in Wales by category..................................................56Table 4.2 Changes in number of holdings in Wales with pigs ................56Figure 4.1 Changes in breeding pig numbers in Wales ...............................56Table 4.3 Throughput of pigs in Welsh abattoirs .........................................57Table 4.4 Total pig slaughterings by UK country, 2018.............................57Table 4.5 Number and throughputs of abattoirs in
Wales slaughtering pigs ......................................................................58Figure 4.2 Retailer volume share of pork sales in GB, 2016-2018 .........58Table 4.6 Changes in pork purchases, expenditure and average price
in Wales and GB, 2017/18 ..................................................................59Table 4.7 Volume and value of UK pig meat imports .................................59Table 4.8 Volume and value of UK pig meat exports .................................60Table 4.9 UK pig meat imports .............................................................................60Table 4.10 UK pig meat exports .............................................................................61Table 4.11 UK monthly pork trade, 2018 ............................................................62Table 4.12 Deadweight pig prices in GB .............................................................63Figure 4.3 Seasonality of pork sales at GB retail by cut ............................ 64Table 4.13 Retail prices for selected pork cuts in GB ...................................65Figure 4.4 Retail pork cuts sold by volume in GB by volume, 2018 ......66Table 4.14 GB farm to retail price spread – pork ............................................67Figure 4.5 Changes in pork retail price spread ................................................68Table 4.15 UK pig meat balance sheet ................................................................68
6
Notes and abbreviations
Volume data is shown in tonnes, carcase weight equivalent, unless otherwise specified.
Kantar Worldpanel data for 2018 is for the 52 week period ending 30 December 2018. The Kantar Worldpanel data was reported at the end of June 2019 and is subject to revision.
North East Wales: Denbighshire, Flintshire, Conwy, Wrexham
North West Wales: Isle of Anglesey, Gwynedd
South Wales: Swansea, Neath Port Talbot, Bridgend, Vale of Glamorgan, Cardiff, Rhondda Cynon Taf, Merthyr Tydfil, Caerphilly, Blaenau Gwent, Torfaen, Monmouthshire, Newport
Figures in the tables do not always add up to the totals shown because of rounding.
AHDB Agriculture and Horticulture Development BoardAPP All Pig PriceBCMS British Cattle Movement ServiceDAPP Deadweight Average Pig PricesDARDNI Department of Agriculture and Rural Development Northern IrelandDefra Department for Environment, Food and Rural AffairsEFS Expenditure and Food SurveyEU European UnionFSA Food Standards AgencyGBU GB Livestock UnitsGVA Gross Value AddedHa HectareHCC Meat Promotion WalesIAAS Institute of Auctioneers and Appraisers in ScotlandLAA Livestock Auctioneers AssociationLFA Less Favoured AreaRPA Rural Payments AgencySQQ Standard Quality QuotationSPP Standard Pig Price
- = nonena= not available
Where dates are written, for example, as 2018/19, this implies the financial year from April 2018 to March 2019.
Cartography By TSD GI Policy Unit
Reproduced by permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO.
© Crown copyright and database right 2019. All rights reserved. Welsh Government. Licence number 100017916.
Cartography by LNFDLNFD Ref: HCC_2019
Data source - Agricultural small area statistics, 2002 to 2018
Most common farm type, by region, in Wales
FarmTypeDairyCattle & Sheep (LFA)Cattle & Sheep (Lowland)
Section 1 – General Information
7
Figure 1.1 Most common farm types in Wales, by region, June 2018
Source: GI Services Branch, DEPC, Aberystwyth © Crown copyright
KeyMain Farm Type
Dairy Cattle & sheep (lowland) Cattle & sheep (LFA)
Section 1 – General Information
8
Table 1.1 Human population and land area by Welsh region and by UK country, 2017
Table 1.2 Agricultural holdings by size (hectares) by UK country, 2017
Source: Welsh Government
Note: may not total 100% due to rounding. England figures for 2018 are currently unavailable and so this table has not been updated with UK 2018 dataSource: Agriculture in the United Kingdom 2017, Defra
Human population(000 head)
Land area(sq km)
Carmarthenshire 186 2,372Ceredigion 73 1,790North East Wales 503 2,910North West Wales 194 3,262Pembrokeshire 125 1,619Powys 133 5,196South Wales 1,912 3,630
Wales 3,125 20,780England 55,619 130,281Scotland 5,425 77,925Northern Ireland 1,871 13,576United Kingdom 66,040 242,562
Wales England Scotland Northern Ireland
Number of holdings (000) 35 106 51 25Total area (000 ha) 1,687 9,176 5,754 1,020Average area (ha) 48 87 113 41% of total numbers<20 ha 54.3 39.6 62.7 40.020-49.9 ha 17.1 19.8 11.8 36.050-99.9 ha 14.3 17.0 9.8 16.0>100 ha 14.3 23.6 17.6 8.0% of total area on holdings with 100 hectares and over:
60.6 75.2 88.0 34.3
Section 1 – General Information
9
Source: Welsh Government
Table 1.3 Welsh holdings by farm type, June 2018
(a) Combination of cropping with various types of livestock(b) Mainly grass and forage or specialist horses(c) Holdings with small amounts of agricultural activity are grouped together irrespective of farm type. Note: Numbers may not total 100% due to rounding.Source: Welsh Government
Holdings(number)
Share of total(%)
Cattle and sheep (LFA) 6,451 16.5 Cattle and sheep (lowland) 1,178 3.0 Dairy 1,547 4.0 Mixed (a) 367 0.9 Cereals 268 0.7 Specialist pigs or poultry 144 0.4 Horticulture 155 0.4 General cropping 88 0.2 Other types (b) 161 0.4 Very small (c) 14,043 36.0 Dormant holdings 14,590 37.4 Total number of holdings 38,992
0Dairy Cattle & sheep
(LFA)Cattle & sheep
(non-LFA)Other types Very small
Farms Cattle
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Sheep
%
Figure 1.2 Distribution of farms, cattle and sheep by farm type 2018
Source: Welsh Government
Section 1 – General Information
10
Table 1.4 Value of Welsh agricultural output, 2017
(a) Investment in buildings, work physically undertaken by the farmer and the value of the physical increase in breeding livestock.
Note: Numbers may not total 100% due to rounding.Source: Welsh Government, Agriculture in the United Kingdom 2018, Defra
Value (£ million)
Share of total value %
Milk & milk products 517 32.5
Finished cattle 311 19.5
Finished sheep & lambs 238 14.9
Poultry & eggs 91 5.7
Store cattle & sheep sales 122 7.7
Finished pigs 6 0.4
Total cereal 22 1.4
Horticulture & potatoes 70 4.4
Other products 23 1.4
Capital formation in livestock (a) 62 3.9
Other agricultural activities 130 8.2
Total Wales 1,592
Total England 19,266
Total Scotland 3,106
Total Northern Ireland 2,103United Kingdom 26,068
Section 1 – General Information
11
Table 1.5 Contribution of agriculture to the regional UK economies, 2018 (p)
Table 1.6 Farm business income by country and type of farm
(p) Provisional Note: England data based on commercial holdings only.Source: Agriculture in the United Kingdom 2018, Defra
(p) ProvisionalNote: Standard output typology.Source: Agriculture in the United Kingdom 2018, Defra
Agricultural gross value added (GVA)
at basic prices
Total income from farming
Agriculture’s share of total regional
workforce (£ million) (£ million) (%)
Wales 498 308 3.7 England 7,349 3,358 1.2 Scotland 1,186 672 2.6 Northern Ireland 553 360 6.1 United Kingdom 9,586 4,697 1.5
(At current prices)2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 (p)
(£000/farm)Wales:
Dairy 31.5 82.5 64.5Grazing livestock (LFA) 23.0 27.0 24.5Grazing livestock (lowland) 22.5 24.0 17.0
England:Dairy 50.0 119.5 93.0Grazing livestock (LFA) 27.0 28.5 24.0Grazing livestock (lowland) 16.0 22.0 16.0Specialist pigs 58.0 31.5 1.0
Scotland:Dairy 34.5 73.0 n/aGrazing livestock (LFA) 23.5 24.5 n/a
Northern Ireland:Dairy 23.5 68.0 51.5Grazing livestock (LFA) 21.5 17.5 14.5
Section 1 – General Information
12
Table 1.7 Direct payments to farmers in the UK
Table 1.8 Principal grants and subsidies in Wales
(a) Includes one-off payments(p) Provisional Source: Agriculture in the United Kingdom 2018, Defra
2016 2017 2018 (p)
(£ million)
Basic/Single Payment Scheme 2,654 2,730 2,750
Agri-environment schemes 435 399 436
LFA support schemes 84 82 74
Animal disease compensation 21 24 23
Other (a) 33 4 -
2016 2017 2018
(£ million)
Basic Payment Scheme 224.2 235.3 230.7
Glastir Advanced 16.3 11.7 14.2
Glastir Entry 12.7 20.1 17.5
Glastir Commons 1.1 5.3 5.2
Glastir Woodland 2.8 3.5 4.4
Glastir Organic 3.9 4.1 4.0
Glastir Small Grants - 1.1 2.1
- not applicableNote: Payments are made on a continuous basis and as such are always subject to revision.Source: Welsh Government
Section 1 – General Information
13
Table 1.9 Number and throughputs of all Welsh abattoirs
* GB Livestock Unit = 1 cattle beast = 5 sheep = 2 pigsNote: Numbers may not total 100%, due to rounding.Source: HCC
Abattoirs (number) Throughputs (%)
GB Livestock Units* 2017 2018 2017 2018
0-1,000 4 4 0.2 0.2
1,001-10,000 11 10 6.7 6.0
10,001-30,000 1 1 1.6 1.6
30,001-100,000 1 1 9.8 10.3
100,001 and over 3 3 81.7 81.8
Total 20 19
92/9
393
/94
94/9
595
/96
96/9
797
/98
98/9
999
/00
00/0
101
/02
02/0
320
0320
0420
0520
0620
0720
0820
0920
1020
1120
1220
1320
140
10
20
30
40
5020
1520
1620
17
Number
2018
Figure 1.3 Changes in Welsh abattoir numbers*
* Figures for 2004-2018 are for calendar years; previous figures relate to year ended March.Source: HCC
Section 1 – General Information
14
Figure 1.4 Monthly livestock auction market throughputs, Cattle, England and Wales, 2018
Source: AHDB, LAA
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Prime cattle Cull cows
Number
Figure 1.5 Monthly livestock auction market throughputs, Sheep, England and Wales, 2018
Source: AHDB, LAA
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Prime lambs Cull ewes
Number
Section 1 – General Information
15
Table 1.10 Auction markets by size of finished stock throughput in Wales, 2018
Table 1.11 Auction market throughputs of finished stock by GB country, 2018
* GB Livestock Unit = 1 cattle beast = 5 sheep = 2 pigsSource: AHDB, LAA
Source: AHDB, LAA, IAAS
GB Livestock Units* Number of markets
Total marketings
(GBU)
Average throughput
(GBU)
Share of throughput
(%)
1-5,000 13 37,454 2,881 12.3
5,001-10,000 5 41,469 8,294 13.6
10,001-15,000 4 51,163 12,791 16.7
15,001-30,000 1 28,687 28,687 9.4
30,001 and over 3 146,688 48,896 48.0
Total 26 305,461 11,749 100.0
(000 head) Wales England Scotland GB
Total prime cattle 8 159 17 184
Cull cows 10 95 30 135
Total prime sheep 1,039 3,525 810 5,374
Cull ewes 396 1,283 276 1,955
Clean pigs - 39 - 39
Cull sows - 8 - 8
16
Section 1 – General InformationTable 1.12 Abattoirs in Wales slaughtering cattle, sheep and pigs,
March 2019
Plants listed in alphabetical order.Source: HCC
Trading Name Location Species Slaughtering
Cig Calon Cymru 2010 Cyf Cross Hands Cattle Sheep
Cig Eryri - Snowdonia Meats Blaenau Ffestiniog Cattle Sheep
Cig Oen Caron Tregaron Cattle Sheep Pigs
CJ & AJ Butler Ltd T/AS Hugh Phillips Gower Butcher Swansea Cattle Sheep Pigs
Conwy Valley Meats Ltd Llanrwst Cattle Sheep
D & J Thomas Wrexham Cattle Sheep Pigs
D T Havard, Caerphilly abattoir Caerphilly Cattle Sheep Pigs
Dunbia (Wales) Llanybydder Sheep
E T Jones & Sons & Daughter Holyhead Cattle Sheep Pigs
Farmers Fresh (Wales) Ltd Wrexham Sheep
G R Evans & Co Corwen Cattle Sheep Pigs
Jones Bros Wrexham Cattle Sheep Pigs
M K (Wales) Ltd Maesteg Cattle Sheep Pigs
N S James Raglan Sheep Pigs
Randall Parker Foods Ltd Llanidloes Cattle Sheep
St Merryn Meats (Kepak Group) Merthyr Tydfil Cattle Sheep
W J George (Butchers) Ltd Brecon Cattle Sheep Pigs
Williams Lloyd Williams and Son Machynlleth Cattle Sheep Pigs
Section 1 – General Information
17
1993
19
94
1995
19
96
1997
19
98
1999
20
00
2001
20
02
2003
20
04
2005
20
06
2007
20
08
2009
20
10
2011
20
12
2013
20
14 0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
2015
20
16
Beef & veal Sheep meat Pig meat Poultry
000 tonnes
2017
20
18
Section 1 – General Information
Source: Defra, IHS Maritime & Trade – Global Trade Atlas®/HMRC, AHDB
Figure 1.6 Changes in total UK meat consumption
0
10
20
40
Beef Lamb Pork Other red meat2016 2017 2018
%
30
50
60
Pork loin roasting
Beef roasting
Beef stewingLamb
Lamb stewing
Pork belly
Lamb chops/steaks
BeefPork leg roasting joint
Lamb leg roasting joint
Pork
Lamb shoulder roasting joint
Lamb mince
Pork chops/steaks
Pork shoulder roasting joint
Beef mince
Beef frying/grilling
% change
11.42.4
1.2
-2.5-2.7
-4.8-6.9
-7.6-8.9-9.2-9.3-9.4
-10.8-26.1
-1.8-0.6-0.4
Section 1 – General Information
18
Figure 1.7 Changes in red meat purchases by product in GB, 2017/18
Figure 1.8 Comparison of retail market share by red meat type in GB
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
Section 1 – General Information
19
Figure 1.9 Retailer volume share of total red meat trade in GB, 2018
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
0
20
40
60
80
100
Total red meat Beef Lamb Pork Total butchers All others Total supermarkets
%
Section 1 – General Information
Source: GI Services Branch, DEPC, Aberystwyth © Crown copyright
Cartography By TSD GI Policy Unit
Density of Beef cattle per hectare of grassland by Agricultural Small Area
Reproduced by permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO.
© Crown copyright and database right 2019. All rights reserved. Welsh Government. Licence number 100017916.
Cartography by LNFDLNFD Ref: HCC_2019
Beef Cattle - All non-dairy females aged 2 year and aboveGrassland - Permanent pasture, rough grazing, new grass and common land
Data source - Agricultural small area statistics, 2002 to 2018
Beef Densityunder 0.10.1 - 0.20.2 - 0.3at least 0.3
2020
Section 2 – CattleFigure 2.1 Beef cattle density in Wales, June 2018
KeyDensity of beef cattle per hectare of grassland
under 0.1 0.1 - 0.2 0.2 - 0.3 at least 0.3
Source: GI Services Branch, DEPC, Aberystwyth © Crown copyright
Cartography By TSD GI Policy Unit
Reproduced by permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO.
© Crown copyright and database right 2019. All rights reserved. Welsh Government. Licence number 100017916.
Cartography by LNFDLNFD Ref: HCC_2019
Dairy Cattle - All dairy aged 2 years and aboveGrassland - Permanent pasture, rough grazing, new grass and common land
Data source - Agricultural small area statistics, 2002 to 2018
Density of Dairy cattle per hectare of grassland by Agricultural Small Area
Dairy Densityunder 0.10.1 - 0.20.2 - 0.40.4 - 0.8at least 0.8
2121
Section 2 – CattleFigure 2.2 Dairy cattle density in Wales, June 2018
KeyDensity of dairy cattle per hectare of grassland
under 0.1 0.1 - 0.2 0.2 - 0.4 0.4 - 0.8 at least 0.8
2222
Section 2 – CattleTable 2.1 Welsh cattle numbers by category
Table 2.2 Changes in number of holdings in Wales with beef and dairy cows
Source: Cattle Tracing System
(a) Females aged 2 years or more that have calvedSource: Cattle Tracing System
(000 head) June 2016 June 2017 June 2018
Cattle aged 2 years or more 545 551 553
– Female dairy breeds 298 301 304
– Female non-dairy breeds 209 210 210
– Males 38 39 39
Cattle aged 1-2 years 263 265 259
– Female dairy breeds 75 76 71
– Female non-dairy breeds 89 90 91
– Males 99 100 96
Cattle under 1 year 327 322 323
– Female dairy breeds 78 73 75
– Female non-dairy breeds 109 113 112
– Males 140 136 136
Total cattle and calves 1,134 1,137 1,134
June 2008 June 2018
Dairy females (a) 228,614 254,255
Number of dairy cow holdings 3,643 2,666
Average dairy herd size (head) 63 95
Beef females (a) 189,519 166,607
Number of beef cow holdings 8,817 7,202
Average beef size herd (head) 21 23
Total number of cattle and calf holdings 12,430 10,430
000 head
2010 2011 2012 2013 2015200210220230240250260270280290300310320330
Cows > 2yrs, non-dairy breedsCalves < 1yr Cattle 1 - 2 yrs
Cows > 2yrs, dairy breeds
2014 20172016 2018
Source: Cattle Tracing System
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
Janu
ary
Febr
uary
Mar
ch
April
May
June July
Augu
stSe
ptem
ber
Octo
ber
Nove
mbe
rDe
cem
ber
Female (Dairy)
Number
Male (Dairy) Female (Beef) Male (Beef)
Source: Cattle Tracing System
Figure 2.4 Calf registrations on holdings in Wales, 2018
2323
Section 2 – CattleFigure 2.3 Changes in cattle numbers in Wales
2424
Section 2 – Cattle
All farms (average)
Bottom third (high cost)
Top third (low cost)
(pence per kg liveweight)Feed & forage 50 72 30Veterinary & medicines 13 18 10Other 16 22 9Total variable costs 80 112 49
Herd replacement 18 18 12
Labour 8 13 4Power & machinery 64 79 50Finance & general farm costs 53 72 36Rent 7 12 3Total fixed costs 133 176 93
Total costs 230 305 154
Table 2.3 Suckler calf production costs in Wales, 2017/18
* Data relates to financial year ended March 2018. Based on 44 suckler herds. Top third and bottom third rankings are determined by net margin. Total costs comprise variable, fixed and herd replacement costs.Source: Farm Business Survey in Wales
2525
Section 2 – Cattle
Wales England Scotland Great Britain Northern Ireland
(000 head)
140 1,757 459 2,357 454
Table 2.4 Throughput of cattle and calves in Welsh abattoirs
Table 2.5 Total cattle slaughterings by UK country, 2018
Source: Defra
Source: Defra
Slaughterings(000 head)
Production(000 tonnes)
2016 147.2 45.4
2017 133.8 40.6
2018 139.4 41.5
2018 by month:
January 11.1 3.3
February 10.1 3.0
March 10.9 3.2
April 10.0 3.0
May 11.3 3.4
June 10.4 3.1
July 10.5 3.3
August 12.3 3.6
September 11.6 3.5
October 14.7 4.2
November 14.5 4.3
December 11.9 3.6
2626
Section 2 – CattleTable 2.6 Percentage distribution of prime cattle carcases in GB by
conformation and fat class, 2018
Source: AHDB
* Figures from Welsh Red Meat Levy returnsSource: HCC
1 2 3 4L 4H 5L 5H OverallE 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5U+ 0.1 1.0 2.1 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 4.0-U 0.1 1.6 6.1 6.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 15.1R 0.2 3.0 16.1 19.2 5.7 0.3 0.0 44.6O+ 0.1 1.6 8.0 9.7 3.0 0.2 0.0 22.7-O 0.2 1.5 5.4 3.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 11.0P+ 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.7-P 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4Overall 1.1 9.7 38.7 39.4 10.4 0.6 0.1
Table 2.7 Number and throughputs of abattoirs in Wales slaughtering cattle*
Abattoirs (number) Throughputs (000 head)
Annual throughput: 2017 2018 2017 2018
0-1,000 10 9 2.4 2.2
1,001-5,000 4 4 7.9 7.1
5,001 and over 3 3 99.8 107.8
Total 17 16 110.0 117.1
Fat class Increasing fatness
Conf
orm
atio
n cl
ass
Impr
ovin
g co
nfor
mat
ion
2727
Section 2 – Cattle
1 2 3 4L 4H 5L 5H OverallE 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5U+ 0.1 1.0 2.1 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 4.0-U 0.1 1.6 6.1 6.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 15.1R 0.2 3.0 16.1 19.2 5.7 0.3 0.0 44.6O+ 0.1 1.6 8.0 9.7 3.0 0.2 0.0 22.7-O 0.2 1.5 5.4 3.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 11.0P+ 0.2 0.6 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.7-P 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4Overall 1.1 9.7 38.7 39.4 10.4 0.6 0.1
Beef purchases (tonnes)
Beef purchases (% change)
Beef expenditure (£ million)
Beef expenditure (% change)
Beef average
price (£/kg)
Beef average
price (% change)
Wales 13,821 -2.0 107.1 -3.4 7.8 -0.1
GB 281,306 -1.8 2,204.2 -2.0 7.8 -1.5
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
Tesco
2016 2017 2018
Morriso
nsAsd
a
Waitros
e
The C
o-Ope
rativeLid
lAldi
Butch
ers
All Oth
ers
Sains
bury'
s0
5
10
15
20
25%
Table 2.8 Changes in beef purchases, expenditure and average price in Wales and GB, 2017/18
Figure 2.5 Retailer volume share of beef sales in GB 2016-2018
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
2828
Section 2 – CattleTable 2.9 Volume and value of UK beef imports
Table 2.10 Volume and value of UK beef exports
Note: Volumes are shipped product weight. Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
Note: Volumes are shipped product weight. Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
Fresh/frozen beef and veal Offal(000 tonnes) (£ million) (000 tonnes) (£ million)
2011 235.4 858.1 24.2 17.7
2012 236.3 867.4 26.7 17.6
2013 241.3 953.1 24.5 14.1
2014 254.8 981.9 19.3 14.8
2015 269.7 1,032.6 16.8 16.8
2016 263.6 1,016.1 13.2 19.0
2017 275.5 1,077.2 9.1 15.7
2018 289.3 1,166.0 18.9 21.7
Fresh/frozen beef and veal Offal(000 tonnes) (£ million) (000 tonnes) (£ million)
2011 143.6 437.5 33.4 38.9
2012 119.8 388.9 32.2 33.3
2013 105.3 372.9 33.1 41.0
2014 112.3 374.9 44.2 62.8
2015 100.5 342.2 47.7 60.8
2016 110.4 369.3 42.2 52.8
2017 105.6 405.1 40.1 56.5
2018 110.5 435.1 38.4 59.3
2929
Section 2 – Cattle
2016 2017 2018
(000 tonnes, product weight)
Total beef and veal 263.6 275.5 289.3
Of which from: Irish Republic 183.5 194.0 210.5
Netherlands 19.5 20.7 19.3
Germany 14.6 19.6 17.2
Spain 11.4 10.3 8.9
Italy 4.5 3.4 4.5
Poland 3.6 2.5 3.6
France 1.7 3.4 3.1
Belgium 1.7 2.5 3.0
Uruguay 4.0 3.9 3.0
Denmark 3.1 2.2 2.7
Shares by type:
Frozen 71.4 79.8 94.3
Fresh/chilled 192.2 195.6 195.1
Processed beef 77.9 79.8 70.4
Of which from: Brazil 26.1 20.6 22.9
Table 2.11 UK beef imports
Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
3030
Section 2 – CattleTable 2.12 UK beef exports
Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
2016 2017 2018
(000 tonnes, product weight)
Total beef and veal 110.4 105.6 110.5
Of which to: Irish Republic 36.3 34.2 36.4
Netherlands 26.4 24.0 27.7
France 8.9 8.2 9.2
Italy 4.0 7.1 7.2
Germany 5.5 5.1 5.4
Belgium 3.6 4.0 5.1
Table 2.13 UK monthly beef trade, 2018
UK beef imports UK beef exports
(000 tonnes, product weight)
January 22.9 9.6
February 22.3 9.2
March 27.0 10.5
April 22.2 9.4
May 23.1 9.4
June 24.3 8.4
July 23.3 7.6
August 23.3 8.0
September 25.6 8.7
October 25.7 9.6
November 25.9 10.4
December 23.8 9.6
3131
Section 2 – CattleTable 2.14 Deadweight cattle prices in England and Wales*
* Prices collected from a sample of abattoirs slaughtering more than 20,000 cattle annually.Source: AHDB
R4L steers R4L young bulls R4L heifers -O4L cows
(pence per kilogram deadweight)
2016 344.7 322.8 343.2 225.7
2017 369.8 348.5 368.1 262.0
2018 372.7 352.5 371.2 263.2
2018 by month:
January 370.2 342.4 369.6 263.7
February 365.4 340.4 365.9 274.0
March 367.8 351.3 367.2 278.3
April 372.0 358.9 372.2 280.6
May 377.8 363.1 375.5 284.0
June 379.7 362.9 379.1 286.9
July 373.3 349.8 372.0 267.8
August 371.9 345.2 369.0 259.2
September 380.1 349.7 378.1 265.3
October 377.0 351.9 374.7 246.5
November 372.3 340.8 369.1 232.4
December 365.5 334.7 361.6 225.4
3232
Section 2 – CattleTable 2.15 Liveweight cattle prices in England and Wales*
* Prices collected from English and Welsh auction markets. Source: AHDB, LAA
Steers Young bulls Heifers Cull cows
(pence per kilogram liveweight)
2016 178.7 169.5 193.2 96.6
2017 189.8 183.3 202.0 113.4
2018 190.2 184.3 203.1 112.7
2018 by month:
January 190.9 185.8 202.5 113.7
February 191.7 185.8 203.9 122.1
March 194.5 188.4 205.1 123.8
April 194.1 188.7 203.5 123.3
May 196.6 188.7 206.4 129.3
June 195.1 187.0 205.2 128.8
July 186.5 181.6 200.8 110.4
August 191.2 186.9 207.4 110.4
September 186.9 183.0 202.5 110.7
October 181.7 177.9 198.6 97.0
November 185.3 179.6 201.1 91.2
December 187.8 178.4 203.4 92.4
Table 2.16 Rearing calf prices in England and Wales
Source: AHDB, LAA
Friesian/ Holstein Hereford X Continental X
(£/head) Bulls Bulls Heifers Bulls Heifers2016 41.6 187.3 138.3 238.0 193.3
2017 44.8 173.1 129.3 236.9 195.7
2018 39.0 140.5 95.3 207.8 158.1
3333
Section 2 – Cattle
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Penc
e pe
r kilo
gram
2015 2016 2017 2018
Figure 2.6 Seasonality of prime cattle liveweight prices, England and Wales, 2015-2018
Source: AHDB Beef and Lamb, LAA
Table 2.17 Store cattle prices in England and Wales
Source: AHDB, LAA
Yearlings 18 months 2 years(£/head) Steers Heifers Steers Heifers Steers HeifersFriesian/Holstein X
2016 362.6 322.4 519.4 447.5 648.1 587.6
2017 403.7 381.0 572.9 499.5 704.2 639.1
2018 380.0 341.6 555.9 482.0 697.1 602.8
Hereford X
2016 643.5 496.7 770.2 632.7 882.3 739.0
2017 668.5 522.8 792.3 648.5 919.1 779.7
2018 635.2 479.8 746.5 603.9 894.2 741.0
Continental X
2016 843.2 732.6 938.0 832.0 1,013.4 902.3
2017 885.3 769.7 975.3 866.5 1,059.2 950.0
2018 862.1 746.2 929.9 824.0 1,031.0 921.6
3434
Section 2 – Cattle
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
Figure 2.7 Seasonality of beef sales at GB retail by cut 2018
0
Beef minceBeef frying/grilling Beef roasting Beef stewing
10
20
30
40
50
60% market share (cuts)
28-Ja
n-18
25-F
eb-1
8
25-M
ar-18
20-M
ay-1
8
17-Ju
n-18
12-A
ug-1
8
09-S
ep-1
8
07-O
ct-18
02-D
ec-1
8
30-D
ec-1
8
22-A
pr-1
8
15-Ju
l-18
04-N
ov-1
8
5,000
tonnes (cumulative)
0
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
Beef other Beef (cumulative sales)
4 week period ending
3535
Section 2 – Cattle
Source: Cattle Tracing System
Figure 2.8 Age profile of male and female prime cattle at GB abattoirs, 2018
101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536
FemaleMale
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
Number
Age (months)
Figure 2.9 Retail beef cuts sold in GB by volume, 2018
Beef roastingBeef stewingBeef frying/grillingBeef minceBeef other
16.0%
3.0%
11.0%
18.2%
51.6%
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
3636
Section 2 – Cattle
Table 2.18 Retail prices for selected beef cuts in GB*
* Prices collected from a representative sample of multiple retailers, independent retailers and butchers.Source: AHDB
Topside Sirloin steak Fillet steak Standard mince
(pence per kilogram)
2016 1,052 2,144 3,508 553
2017 1,065 2,180 3,573 548
2018 1,095 2,207 3,694 516
2018 by month:
January 1,082 2,206 3,690 535
February 1,108 2,206 3,674 537
March 1,060 2,219 3,669 536
April 1,089 2,218 3,708 523
May 1,065 2,203 3,681 510
June 1,122 2,201 3,716 508
July 1,103 2,201 3,716 508
August 1,110 2,201 3,704 508
September 1,097 2,201 3,665 499
October 1,098 2,206 3,673 501
November 1,132 2,208 3,716 511
December 1,068 2,209 3,717 513
3737
Section 2 – CattleTable 2.19 GB farm to retail price spread – beef
* Retail prices have been converted to an untrimmed carcase equivalent. Adjustment has also been made for drip loss. The farm to retail price spread shows the percentage of the retail price obtained by the supply chain other than the producer, ie the retailer, the wholesaler, the transport company and the processor.Source: AHDB
Average farm price
Average retail price* Price spread
(pence per kilogram) (%)2016 334.5 688.3 51.4
2017 359.4 698.6 48.6
2018 355.4 711.9 50.1
2018 by month:
Jan 359.1 710.9 49.5
Feb 355.0 717.5 50.5
Mar 357.6 708.9 49.6
Apr 362.4 711.6 49.1
May 366.5 706.9 48.2
Jun 369.9 718.2 48.5
Jul 362.1 714.2 49.3
Aug 359.3 711.6 49.5
Sep 369.0 705.6 47.7
Oct 364.5 710.9 48.7
Nov 349.2 718.2 51.4
Dec 342.7 708.9 51.7
3838
Section 2 – Cattle
Table 2.20 UK beef and veal balance sheet*
* Total supplies of meat available for consumption. All weights are carcase weight equivalent. Source: AHDB, Defra, IHS Maritime & Trade – Global Trade Atlas®/HMRC, ONS.
2016 2017 2018(000 tonnes)
Production 911.9 904.7 922.5Imports 422.8 442.7 452.8Exports 143.6 139.9 147.1Total consumption 1,191.1 1,207.6 1,228.2
Per capita consumption (kg/person/year) 18.3 18.3 18.4
Self sufficiency (%) 76.6 74.9 75.2
Figure 2.10 Changes in beef retail price spread*
* The farm to retail price spread shows the percentage of the retail price obtained by the supply chain other than the producer, ie the retailer, the wholesaler, the transport company and the processor.Source: AHDB
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 20144042444648
5250
54565860
%
20152016 2017 2018
Cartography By TSD GI Policy Unit
Density of Total Sheep per hectare of grassland by Agricultural Small Area
Reproduced by permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of HMSO.
© Crown copyright and database right 2019. All rights reserved. Welsh Government. Licence number 100017916.
Cartography by LNFDLNFD Ref: HCC_2019
Total Sheep - All Sheep and lambsGrassland - Permanent pasture, rough grazing, new grass and common land
Data source - Agricultural small area statistics, 2002 to 2018
Sheep Densityunder 22 - 44 - 8at least 8
39
Section 3 – Sheep
Source: GI Services Branch, DEPC, Aberystwyth © Crown copyright
Figure 3.1 Sheep and lamb density in Wales, June 2018
KeyDensity of total sheep per hectare of grassland
under 2 2 - 4 4 - 8 at least 8
40
Section 3 – SheepTable 3.1 Sheep numbers in Wales by category
Table 3.2 Changes in number of holdings in Wales with sheep
Source: Welsh Government
Source: Welsh Government
(000 head) June 2016 June 2017 June 2018
Breeding ewes 4,600 4,700 4,400
Other sheep, over one year 81 78 90
Lambs under one year 4,705 4,890 4,585
Total sheep and lambs 9,810 10,037 9,531
June 2008 June 2018Number of sheep and lamb holdings 15,160 13,755 Average flock size (head) 562 693
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
000 head20
1520
16
2018
2017
Source: Welsh Government
Figure 3.2 Changes in breeding ewe numbers in Wales
41
Section 3 – SheepTable 3.3 Lamb production costs in Wales, 2017/18*
* Data relates to financial year ended March 2018. Based on 127 farms. Top third and bottom third rankings are determined by net margin. Total costs comprise variable, fixed and flock replacement costs.Source: Farm Business Survey in Wales
All farms (average)
Bottom third (high cost)
Top third (low cost)
(pence per kg liveweight)
Feed & forage 62 75 46
Veterinary & medicines 12 13 10
Other 20 21 18
Total variable costs 94 109 74
Flock replacement 22 27 21
Labour 4 6 3
Power & machinery 41 52 31
Finance & general farm costs 36 47 26
Rent 7 10 5
Total fixed costs 88 115 65
Total costs 204 251 160
42
Section 3 – SheepTable 3.4 Throughput of total sheep in Welsh abattoirs
Source: Defra
Slaughterings(000 head)
Production(000 tonnes)
2016 3,480.3 64.2
2017 3,369.5 62.9
2018 3,282.7 60.8
2018 by month:
Jan 295.4 5.4
Feb 237.7 4.4
Mar 239.5 4.5
Apr 157.0 3.0
May 185.8 3.5
Jun 184.3 3.4
Jul 265.9 4.9
Aug 328.4 6.0
Sep 317.2 5.9
Oct 381.7 7.1
Nov 362.4 6.7
Dec 327.5 5.9
Wales England Scotland Great Britain Northern Ireland
(000 head)
3,280 9,599 1,120 14,000 419
Table 3.5 Total sheep slaughterings by UK country, 2018
Source: Defra
43
Section 3 – SheepTable 3.6 Percentage distribution of lamb carcases in Wales by
conformation and fat class, 2018
Source: AHDB
* Figures from Welsh Red Meat Levy returnsSource: HCC
Table 3.7 Number and throughputs of abattoirs in Wales slaughtering sheep*
Abattoirs (number) Throughputs (000 head)
Annual throughput: 2017 2018 2017 2018
0-5,000 6 7 10.0 14.8
5,001-20,000 8 7 88.1 82.8
20,001-50,000 2 1 58.0 28.4
50,001 and over 4 4 3,209.3 3,170.3
Total 20 19 3,365.5 3,296.3
1 2 3L 3H 4L 4H 5 OverallE 0.0 1.7 5.7 2.6 0.7 0.1 0.0 10.8U 0.1 4.0 15.2 7.8 2.0 0.2 0.0 29.4R 0.6 10.8 22.2 11.5 3.0 0.5 0.1 48.7O 0.8 4.2 4.1 1.7 0.2 0.0 0.0 11.1P 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Overall 1.6 20.7 47.2 23.6 6.0 0.9 0.2
Fat class Increasing fatness
Conf
orm
atio
n cl
ass
Impr
ovin
g co
nfor
mat
ion
44
Section 3 – Sheep
Tesco
2016 2017 2018
Sains
bury'
sAsd
a
Morriso
ns Aldi Lidl
Icelan
d
Waitros
e
Butch
ers
All Oth
ers0
5
10
15
20
25%
Table 3.8 Changes in lamb purchases, expenditure and average price in Wales and GB, 2017/18
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
Figure 3.3 Retailer volume shares of lamb sales in GB, 2016-2018
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
Lamb purchases (tonnes)
Lamb purchases (% change)
Lamb expenditure (£ million)
Lamb expenditure (% change)
Lamb average
price (£/kg)
Lamb average price (% change)
Wales 3,248 -11.1 29.7 0.5 9.1 8.2
GB 62,291 -9.1 580.4 -1.0 9.3 6.3
45
Section 3 – SheepTable 3.9 Volume and value of UK sheep meat imports
Table 3.10 Volume and value of UK sheep meat exports
Note: Volumes are shipped product weight.Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
Note: Volumes are shipped product weight.Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
Fresh/frozen sheep meat Offal(000 tonnes) (£ million) (000 tonnes) (£ million)
2010 100.7 382.5 14.0 18.8
2011 88.3 411.9 10.9 17.5
2012 86.2 368.9 8.8 12.9
2013 98.3 382.9 10.0 13.6
2014 92.5 407.4 9.8 14.1
2015 92.8 392.0 7.7 13.3
2016 89.6 345.1 8.5 16.0
2017 80.2 370.0 7.6 11.0
2018 77.5 373.5 8.7 14.2
Fresh/frozen sheep meat Offal(000 tonnes) (£ million) (000 tonnes) (£ million)
2010 89.1 320.1 4.0 3.9
2011 96.4 373.9 3.4 3.9
2012 94.7 352.4 3.8 4.7
2013 103.7 383.7 3.0 4.1
2014 102.0 380.0 3.0 4.4
2015 79.4 302.1 4.1 6.4
2016 78.1 327.1 6.5 9.1
2017 89.8 385.1 5.7 9.4
2018 83.2 367.6 5.2 8.9
46
Section 3 – Sheep
2016 2017 2018
(000 tonnes, product weight)
Total sheep meat 89.6 80.2 77.5
Of which from: New Zealand 66.9 52.0 50.9
Australia 11.4 11.2 9.7
Irish Republic 6.1 9.5 7.4
Spain 1.2 1.3 1.4
Shares by type:
Carcases 2.4 3.0 3.4
Bone-in cuts 52.5 50.0 48.0
Boneless cuts 34.7 27.2 26.1
Frozen 54.9 46.1 46.1
Fresh/chilled 34.7 34.1 31.3
Table 3.11 UK sheep meat imports
Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
47
Section 3 – Sheep
Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
Table 3.13 UK monthly sheep meat trade, 2018
UK sheep meat imports UK sheep meat exports
(000 tonnes, product weight)
January 6.6 7.3
February 5.5 6.5
March 10.4 7.3
April 7.9 5.1
May 6.4 4.7
June 8.2 5.1
July 8.0 5.7
August 4.6 7.5
September 4.4 7.7
October 3.7 8.5
November 4.8 8.5
December 7.0 9.2
Table 3.12 UK sheep meat exports
Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
2016 2017 2018(000 tonnes, product weight)
Total sheep meat 78.1 89.8 83.2
Of which to: France 40.3 40.8 35.6
Germany 10.9 14.1 15.2
Irish Republic 7.7 9.2 9.3
Belgium 6.6 7.7 7.7
Netherlands 3.4 5.3 5.1
Italy 3.3 3.7 3.4
Hong Kong 2.1 3.7 2.7
Shares by type:
Carcases 51.4 56.0 52.5
Bone-in/boneless cuts 26.7 33.8 30.6
48
Section 3 – SheepTable 3.14 Deadweight sheep prices in GB*
* Prices collected from a sample of GB abattoirs. Standard Quality Quotation includes animals weighing 12-21.5kg dw. Methodology for reporting deadweight sheep prices has been revised. Old season prices are recorded until the third monday in May, and new season prices for the remainder of the year. The annual series has also been chaged to tally. Source: AHDB
Standard Quality Quotation (SQQ)R3L All grades
(pence per kilogram deadweight)
2016 407.1 405.5
2017 417.4 415.8
2018 445.1 444.1
2018 by month:
January 418.1 415.2
February 475.6 470.1
March 525.0 520.5
April 576.5 570.4
May 574.4 570.9
June 521.3 524.4
July 433.3 434.8
August 428.1 427.4
September 410.5 410.3
October 390.0 388.9
November 394.6 393.1
December 412.9 410.7
49
Section 3 – SheepTable 3.15 Liveweight sheep prices in Wales*
* Prices collected from Welsh auction markets. Standard Quality Quotation includes animals weighing 25.5-45.5kg lw. Combined prices were reported until third Monday in May. New season prices reported for the remainder of the year. Source: AHDB, LAA
SQQ Sheep (pence per kilogram
liveweight)
Ewes (£ per head)
2016 176.7 54.4
2017 184.8 50.3
2018 193.0 51.8
2018 by month:
January 179.4 47.6
February 202.0 51.4
March 223.6 62.1
April 243.3 64.0
May 246.0 67.5
June 235.5 63.3
July 185.0 50.2
August 180.5 45.9
September 167.7 39.6
October 165.0 39.5
November 169.4 40.4
December 180.6 47.0
50
Section 3 – Sheep
Table 3.16 Store sheep prices in England and Wales
Source AHDB, LAA
(£/head) Old season lambs New season lambs
2016 57.2 54.1
2017 54.2 53.4
2018 63.1 54.7
Figure 3.4 Seasonality of lamb liveweight prices, Wales, 2015-2018
Source AHDB, LAA
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
MayJan Feb Mar Apr OctJun Jul Aug Sep DecNov
Penc
e pe
r kilo
gram
2015 2017 20182016
51
Section 3 – SheepFigure 3.5 Seasonality of lamb sales at GB retail by cut 2018
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
Lamb minceLamb chops/steaks Lamb leg roasting joint
Lamb stewing
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
% market share (cuts)
28-Ja
n-18
25-F
eb-1
8
24-M
ar-18
20-M
ay-1
8
17-Ju
n-18
12-A
ug-1
8
09-S
ep-1
8
07-O
ct-18
02-D
ec-1
8
30-D
ec-1
8
22-A
pr-1
8
15-Ju
l-18
04-N
ov-1
8
2,000
tonnes (cumulative)
0
4,000
6,000
8,000
12,000
Lamb other Lamb (cumulative sales)
4 week period ending
Lamb shoulder roasting joint
10,00070
80
52
Section 3 – SheepTable 3.17 Retail prices for selected sheep meat cuts in GB*
* Prices collected from a representative sample of multiple retailers, independent retailers and butchers. Source: AHDB
Whole leg Loin chop Shoulder (bone-in) Diced lamb
(pence per kilogram)
2016 1,028 1,453 762 1,193
2017 1,055 1,478 775 1,238
2018 1,097 1,509 818 1,300
2018 by month:
January 1,080 1,490 787 1,263
February 1,081 1,488 771 1,259
March 1,043 1,491 783 1,259
April 1,074 1,518 824 1,297
May 1,121 1,491 846 1,296
June 1,139 1,547 848 1,324
July 1,137 1,542 846 1,319
August 1,131 1,527 841 1,318
September 1,109 1,504 818 1,320
October 1,074 1,503 788 1,299
November 1,118 1,503 834 1,324
December 1,059 1,503 824 1,324
11.4 1.6<12kg
16.2 2.588.0 80.2
40.5 5.212-15.9kg
48.4 12.354.6 40.3
64.0 18.416-19.9kg
69.7 23.517.5 6.3
55.2 41.620+kg
56.7 42.64.2 0.9
53
Section 3 – Sheep
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
Figure 3.6 Retail lamb cuts sold in GB by volume, 2018
Lamb chop/steaksLamb leg roastingLamb shoulder roastingLamb minceLamb stewingLamb other
25.2%3.8%
9.1%
41.7%
9.6%
10.7%
Source: AHDB
Figure 3.7 Percentage of lambs meeting target specification by weight range in Wales, 2018
11.4 1.6<12kg
16.2 2.588.0 80.2
Old season lambs New season lambs
40.5 5.212-15.9kg
48.4 12.354.6 40.3
64.0 18.416-19.9kg
69.7 23.517.5 6.3
55.2 41.620+kg
56.7 42.64.2 0.9
60.7 28.611.1
Overall
Target sector – E, U, or R conformation. 1, 2 or 3L fatnessToo fat – 3H or fatter but of adequate conformationPoor conformation – O conformation or worse
54
Section 3 – SheepTable 3.18 GB farm to retail price spread – lamb
* Retail prices have been converted to an untrimmed carcase equivalent. Adjustment has also been made for drip loss. The farm to retail price spread shows the percentage of the retail price obtained by the supply chain other than the producer, ie the retailer, the wholesaler, the transport company and the processor.Source: AHDB
Average farm price
Average retail price* Price spread
(pence per kilogram) (%)
2016 409.3 804.9 49.1
2017 418.2 824.9 49.3
2018 444.1 856.2 48.1
2018 by month:
January 415.2 837.2 50.4
February 470.1 833.5 43.6
March 520.5 829.8 37.3
April 570.4 854.8 33.3
May 570.9 867.2 34.2
June 524.4 881.9 40.5
July 434.8 879.7 50.6
August 427.4 873.1 51.0
September 410.3 859.9 52.3
October 388.9 843.0 53.9
November 393.1 864.3 54.5
December 410.7 850.4 51.7
Section 3 – Sheep
55
Section 3 – SheepSection 3 – Sheep
Table 3.19 UK sheep meat balance sheet*
* Total supplies of meat available for consumption. All weights are carcase weight equivalent. Source: AHDB, Defra, IHS Maritime & Trade – Global Trade Atlas®/HMRC, ONS.
2016 2017 2018
(000 tonnes)
Production 287.1 299.3 288.6
Imports 109.0 95.0 91.9
Exports 98.3 94.2 87.3
Total consumption 297.8 300.1 293.2
Per capita consumption (kg/person/year) 4.8 4.5 4.4
Self sufficiency (%) 96.4 99.7 98.5
* The farm to retail price spread shows the percentage of the retail price obtained by the supply chain other than the producer, ie the retailer, wholesaler, transport company and processor.Source: AHDB
Figure 3.8 Changes in lamb retail price spread*
4244
4846
5250
54
5856
60%
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 20172018
56
Section 4 – PigsTable 4.1 Pig numbers in Wales by category
Source: Welsh Government
(000 head) 2016 2017 2018
Breeding pigs 3.8 3.5 3.0
Fattening pigs 19.0 21.0 20.0
Total pigs 23.0 24.5 23.0
Table 4.2 Changes in number of holdings in Wales with pigs
Source: Welsh Government
June 2008 June 2018Number of pig holdings 983 1,357Average herd size (head) 21 17
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
000 head
2017
2018
Source: Welsh Government
Figure 4.1 Changes in breeding pig numbers in Wales
57
Section 4 – PigsTable 4.3 Throughput of pigs in Welsh abattoirs
Source: Defra
Slaughterings(000 head)
Production(000 tonnes)
2016 31.4 2.6
2017 29.2 2.4
2018 28.5 2.3
2018 by month:
January 1.9 0.2
February 2.1 0.2
March 2.2 0.2
April 2.2 0.2
May 2.4 0.2
June 2.3 0.2
July 2.5 0.2
August 2.5 0.2
September 2.5 0.2
October 2.5 0.2
November 2.6 0.2
December 2.9 0.2
Wales England Scotland Great Britain Northern Ireland
(000 head)
29 8,852 345 9,226 1,712
Table 4.4 Total pig slaughterings by UK country, 2018
Source: Defra
58
Section 4 – Pigs
* Figures from Welsh Red Meat Levy returnsSource: HCC
Table 4.5 Numbers and throughputs of abattoirs in Wales slaughtering pigs*
Abattoirs (number) Throughputs (000 head)
Annual throughput: 2017 2018 2017 2018
0-1,000 5 5 1.6 1.5
1,001 and over 7 7 27.6 27.5
Total 12 12 29.1 29.0
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
Figure 4.2 Retailer volume shares of pork sales in GB, 2016-2018
Tesco
2016 2017 2018
Asda
Sains
bury'
s
Morriso
ns Aldi Lidl
Icelan
d
Waitros
e
Butch
ers
All Oth
ers0
5
10
15
20
25%
59
Section 4 – Pigs
Pork purchases (tonnes)
Pork purchases (% change)
Pork expenditure (£ million)
Pork expenditure (% change)
Pork average
price (£/kg)
Pork average
price (% change)
Wales 8,832 1.9 41.0 3.2 4.6 1.3
GB 160,033 -0.4 750.6 0.1 4.7 0.5
Table 4.6 Changes in pork purchases, expenditure and average price in Wales and GB, 2017/18
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
Table 4.7 Volume and value of UK pig meat imports
* Includes bacon, sausage, hams and canned pig meat.Note: Volumes are shipped product weight.Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
Fresh/frozen Processed* Offal(000
tonnes) (£ million) (000 tonnes) (£ million) (000
tonnes) (£ million)
2010 363.2 656.2 485.9 1,242.2 11.2 8.9
2011 372.8 723.8 500.7 1,350.0 12.5 9.3
2012 349.2 690.2 506.6 1,397.9 15.8 13.0
2013 351.8 739.8 490.2 1,454.4 14.6 13.7
2014 358.1 699.4 504.4 1,443.8 11.0 11.2
2015 371.8 613.4 514.0 1,343.2 12.4 11.3
2016 439.9 778.2 515.1 1,444.0 16.0 14.3
2017 467.0 943.9 512.6 n/a 18.1 17.8
2018 457.8 854.4 516.5 n/a 15.5 15.6
60
Section 4 – PigsTable 4.8 Volume and value of UK pig meat exports
* Includes bacon, sausage, hams and canned pig meat. Note: Volumes are shipped product weight.Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
Fresh/frozen Processed* Offal(000
tonnes) (£ million) (000 tonnes) (£ million) (000
tonnes) (£ million)
2010 131.1 148.9 46.0 95.0 27.7 16.5
2011 144.4 171.3 50.4 100.7 34.9 25.0
2012 154.3 189.3 37.5 87.1 48.5 30.2
2013 180.7 218.1 36.4 85.3 41.6 26.1
2014 181.7 209.2 38.3 90.8 45.1 35.0
2015 187.1 197.4 38.3 85.3 58.9 38.5
2016 206.1 252.3 35.4 82.0 77.0 64.4
2017 216.0 293.6 37.2 n/a 81.5 79.7
2018 217.8 291.8 40.4 n/a 88.4 79.1
Table 4.9 UK pig meat imports
Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
2016 2017 2018
(000 tonnes, product weight)
Total pork 439.9 467.0 457.8
Of which from: Denmark 169.7 163.6 152.5
Germany 68.5 88.5 95.3
Netherlands 49.5 55.4 47.3
Spain 32.5 40.3 43.6
Belgium 37.7 40.9 38.9
Irish Republic 33.8 32.2 35.7
Bacon and ham 242.7 220.1 215.0
Of which from: Netherlands 92.4 103.2 102.4
Denmark 92.5 58.2 55.2
61
Section 4 – PigsTable 4.10 UK pig meat exports
Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
2016 2017 2018
(000 tonnes, product weight)
Total pork 206.1 216.0 217.8
Of which to: China 40.0 40.4 40.7
Germany 33.6 31.1 34.1
Irish Republic 32.6 32.7 33.6
Denmark 22.1 30.0 25.0
Netherlands 17.5 16.4 17.5
Hong Kong 8.2 7.7 11.0
Bacon and ham 16.4 19.3 21.4
Of which to: Irish Republic 12.0 14.0 16.1
62
Section 4 – Pigs
Source: HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)
Table 4.11 UK monthly pork trade, 2018
UK pork imports UK pork exports
(000 tonnes, product weight)
January 33.7 17.0
February 31.7 17.6
March 37.8 21.6
April 37.6 17.0
May 38.6 16.3
June 41.1 16.8
July 39.0 16.4
August 36.4 18.2
September 36.5 19.9
October 43.4 21.0
November 45.8 19.8
December 36.3 16.2
63
Section 4 – PigsTable 4.12 Deadweight pig prices in GB
EU specification excludes flare fat, kidney and diaphragm, the UK specification includes these parts.Source: AHDB
SPP (EU Spec) APP (EU Spec)(pence per kilogram deadweight)
2016 129.1 132.1
2017 156.7 160.1
2018 146.8 150.0
2018 by month:
January 147.9 151.0
February 145.8 148.9
March 145.6 148.5
April 145.6 148.6
May 148.2 151.0
June 149.9 152.8
July 150.3 153.0
August 148.8 152.2
September 147.7 151.2
October 145.6 149.1
November 143.6 147.9
December 141.9 146.5
64
Section 4 – PigsFigure 4.3 Seasonality of pork sales at GB retail by cut 2018
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
Pork bellyPork chops/steaks Pork leg roasting jointPork loin roasting
0
5
10
15
20
30
35
% market share (cuts)
2,000
tonnes (cumulative)
0
4,000
8,000
10,000
14,000
Pork other Pork (cumulative sales)
4 week period ending
Pork shoulder roasting joint
12,000
40
45 16,000
25
6,000
25-F
eb-1
8
25-M
ar-18
20-M
ay-1
8
17-Ju
n-18
12-A
ug-1
8
09-S
ep-1
8
07-O
ct-18
02-D
ec-1
8
30-D
ec-1
8
22-A
pr-1
8
15-Ju
l-18
04-N
ov-1
8
28-Ja
n-18
65
Section 4 – PigsTable 4.13 Retail prices for selected pork cuts in GB*
* Prices collected from a representative sample of multiple retailers, independent retailers and butchers.Source: AHDB
Leg (boneless) Loin steaks Mince
Traditional premium sausages
(pence per kilogram)
2016 629 775 566 537
2017 631 751 562 535
2018 637 736 573 578
2018 by month:
January 632 738 572 580
February 628 721 574 588
March 623 739 574 586
April 643 734 577 583
May 650 732 580 584
June 624 744 582 584
July 643 746 575 589
August 636 727 574 591
September 641 727 569 573
October 643 727 568 556
November 633 746 568 556
December 644 747 568 563
66
Section 4 – Pigs
Pork chops/steaksPork leg roasting jointPork shoulder roast jointPork loin roastingPork bellyPork other
38.9%9.2%
16.8%
14.7%14.7%
5.8%
Source: Kantar Worldpanel
Figure 4.4 Retail pork cuts sold in GB by volume, 2018
67
Section 4 – PigsTable 4.14 GB farm to retail price spread – pork
* Retail prices have been converted to an untrimmed carcase equivalent. Adjustment has also been made for drip loss.Source: AHDB
Average farm price
Average retail price* Price spread
(pence per kilogram) (%)
2016 132.1 380.9 65.3
2017 160.1 381.0 58.0
2018 150.0 384.9 61.0
2018 by month:
January 151.0 381.6 60.4
February 148.9 375.5 60.3
March 148.5 379.8 60.9
April 148.6 384.6 61.4
May 151.0 388.9 61.2
June 152.8 385.8 60.4
July 153.0 388.9 60.7
August 152.2 385.8 60.6
September 151.2 387.0 60.9
October 149.1 386.4 61.4
November 147.9 386.4 61.7
December 146.5 388.3 62.3
68
Section 4 – Pigs
Table 4.15 UK pork balance sheet*
* Total supplies of meat available for consumption. All weights are carcase weight equivalent. Source: AHDB, Defra, IHS Maritime & Trade – Global Trade Atlas®/HMRC, Statistics Germany, Agentia Tributaria, CSO Ireland, ONS.
2016 2017 2018
(000 tonnes)
Production 902.8 902.6 926.6
Imports 1,075.2 1,082.7 1,062.1
Exports 251.3 263.5 266.5
Total consumption 1,726.8 1,721.8 1,722.2
Per capita consumption (kg/person/year) 26.1 26.0 26.0
Self sufficiency (%) 52.3 52.4 53.8
* The farm to retail price spread shows the percentage of the retail price obtained by the supply chain other than the producer, ie the retailer, the wholesaler, the transport company and the processor.Source: AHDB
Figure 4.5 Changes in pork retail price spread*
56
58
60
62
64
66
68
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
%
2015 2016 2017 2018
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Email: [email protected]
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