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Life Cycle Assessments (LCA)&
Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs)
A Holistic Analysis Process of LEED
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Another valuable presentation from the world’s leading
green building network:
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What are EPDs?
• Life-cycle based eco-labels that disclose environmental performance and impact.
• Related to several ISO standards.• Third party verified by product manufacturers.
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Most importantly, EPDs allow for easy and fair comparison of products through an environmental impact lens.
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Also referred to as “cradle to cradle assessment”…
…but not to be confused with C2C Products Innovation Institute
Certification
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Steps to Building an EPD
Photo source: Elixir Environmental
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How does EPD relate to LCA?
• LCA is used to determine an EPD. • It effectively measures a product from it’s
inception to disposal, tracking the environmental impact of each activity and throughput.
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The term “life cycle” refers to the notion that a fair, holistic assessment of raw-
material production, manufacture, distribution, use and disposal including all intervening transportation steps necessary
or caused by the product’s existence. -LCA Wikipedia page
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What Does LCA Measure?
• Broadly:– Climate change– Ecosystem quality– Resources– Human health
• BREs (type of LCA) examine more deeply:– Acid deposition, human toxicity to air, fossil fuel
depletion & much more
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Photo source: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Measuring LCA
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Product Category Rules (PCR)
• NSF Definition: a set of specific rules, requirements & guidelines for developing Type III environmental product declarations (EPDs).
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Product Category Rules (PCR)• PCRs typically require data bout the consumption of
resources, including– energy – water – renewable resources
• PCRs also require data on emissions to – air – water – soil
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Example PCRs
• Flooring• Flat glass• Residential countertops
If a PCR does not already exist, you can create one by performing and reporting the LCA and
subsequent EPD to a third party reviewer.
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Resources for PCR Development
• Environdec.com• ULEnvironment.com• GEDnet.com• IBU.com• NSF.com
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LEED v4 brings changes to EPD & LCA as they relate to green building projects.
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Changes from LEED 2009
• Revised credits– Storage & Collection of
Recyclables– Construction & Demolition
Waste Management
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Changes from LEED 2009
• New credits– Construction Demolition &
Waste Planning– Building Product Disclosure &
Optimization• Environmental Product
Declarations• Raw Materials Extraction• Material Ingredient Reporting
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Interested in the full version of the LEED continuing education presentation?
In addition to an in-depth case study, you’ll learn insight into the v4 credit changes.
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Want to learn more about green building & connect with other environmental &
LEED professionals?
Become a free member of Poplar Network today!