Download - Lecture 11 power and change the world
![Page 1: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Power
and change
worldin t
he
![Page 2: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The universe is change; our life is what our thoughts make it
![Page 3: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Do we change?1
![Page 4: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
change2
![Page 5: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
How we change: norms and norm shifting3
![Page 6: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What we change4
![Page 7: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What we might change5
![Page 8: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Do we change?1
![Page 9: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Is
possible
change?
![Page 10: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
ontological question
Realismconstructivism
![Page 11: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
If so, change what?
![Page 12: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Do we change the way we are doing what do?
IR paradigm of technical change of existing processes
![Page 13: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
or do we change our most fundamental assumptions of how to be in the world?
![Page 14: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
change2
![Page 15: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
normalevidence suggests change is
![Page 16: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Abolition of slavery
![Page 18: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Universal suffrage – Sylvia Pankhurst
![Page 19: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Nuclear disarmament
![Page 20: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Gender quotas in legislatures
![Page 21: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Landmines ban
![Page 22: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Whaling ban
![Page 23: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
How we change: norms and norm shifting3
![Page 24: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
what’s a
NORM?
![Page 25: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
A norm is a dominant accepted behaviour we take for granted
Roberts 2010
![Page 26: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
values, principles and procedures that are widespread and institutionalized
Krook and True 2010: 106
![Page 27: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
generalized standards of conduct that
delineate the scope of a state’s entitlements,
the extent of its obligations, and the range of
its jurisdiction
Raymond 1997: 128 “
![Page 28: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
global code of appropriate behaviour
Ingebritsen 2002: 11
![Page 29: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
prescribe, proscribe and order behaviour, operate like standards that specify the proper enactment of an already defined identity and establish rights and obligations
Bjorkdahl 2002: 15 “
![Page 30: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
norms are the rules that
restrict behaviour to
stasis
the means by which new rules and
behaviours develop
movement from one way
of being to another
(Roberts 2010)
![Page 31: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Every norm is simply the outcome of a particular power struggle
Evans 2011: 751
![Page 32: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Life cycle of norms (Finnemore and Sikkink 1998)
new norm is expressed and
listened to
minority of States support and create
tipping point
cascade effect after about 30%
non-state actors may support by applying
pressure to non-conforming States
norms internationalis
ed and internalized
adopted into general practice until
challenged again
![Page 33: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
starts with norms entrepreneurs who can make themselves heard
![Page 34: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
a person who notices a pattern, identifies it as such, and somehow foists it on the public as a normative, and not merely descriptive, model or standard. Senator Joseph McCarthy, The Beatles, Madonna, and Miss Manners... may all be seen as norm entrepreneurs
Gilman 2002: 2395
![Page 35: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
they provide political elevation for the transmission into the international debating arena of new proposals for change
Roberts 2010
![Page 36: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
What we change3
![Page 37: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Reforming the
World Bank Presidency
![Page 38: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
World Bank IS
NOT
AUTONOMOUS
![Page 39: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
National domination of
Board of Executives
![Page 40: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
2009 UK IDA
![Page 41: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
24Acquired support of
key states
2009
Europeans
eligible for Presidency
![Page 42: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Evidence of real change in major global financial organisation
![Page 43: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
but…
![Page 44: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
disbursement culture:
rewards and punishments
for meeting or missing lending targets
approval culture
lending for lending’s sake
to empty budgets if
they are to be replenished
internal intellectual ethos
‘an absence of ideological pluralism’
(Mehta 2001; Williams and Young 1994)
![Page 45: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Global Immunization
![Page 46: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
75 800,000
No. of children’s lives saved by 1995
25 million
No. of infants reached at first attempt
Ince
ptio
n
poin
t
Colombia
1984 Visionary UNICEF entrepreneur
JIM GRANT% of child popn.
![Page 47: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Happened despite major
obstacles
![Page 48: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
UNICEF would fail and destroy its reputation
Couldn’t be done because it had never been done
No money
No roads, clinics, electricity, fridges, cold
chains, demand
disturbed comfortable routines
relegated real struggle for poverty alleviation
![Page 49: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
why did it
WORK
![Page 50: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
brute force in ejecting those against the idea
![Page 51: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Faultless public health logic
![Page 52: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
genuine idealism,
respected for its purity
![Page 53: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
small interventions
cheaply d o n e
![Page 54: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
manipulated governments seekinginternational recognition
![Page 55: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
System
confirming System
modifying
![Page 56: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
What we might change4
![Page 57: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
System
transforming
![Page 58: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Recent thinking
![Page 59: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Limits to Growth1972
![Page 60: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
infinite demand
identified paradox of
finite resources
![Page 61: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Limits to Growth2002
![Page 62: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
fundamental conflict between rising demand and
shrinking resources... Sustainable development
is… yoking together two ideas that may be
irreconcilable: our established notions of
development and our emergent awareness of
sustainability
KC Bell, 2008 “
![Page 63: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
We need to develop sustainability, not sustainable development“
![Page 64: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Richard HeinbergThe End of Growth2011
![Page 65: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
the expansionary trajectory of industrial civilization is colliding with non-negotiable, natural limits
promote human and environmental well-being, rather than continuing to pursue ever-expanding Gross Domestic Product
![Page 66: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Tim JacksonProsperity without Growth
2011
![Page 67: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
prioritizes sources of well-being, creativity and lasting prosperity that lie outside the realm of the market
![Page 68: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Dietz and O’Neill
Enough Is Enough: Building a Sustainable Economy in a World of Finite Resources
2013
![Page 69: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
excessive consumption not improving our
lives
goal should be enough, not
more
![Page 70: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
McDonagh and Braungart
Cradle to Cradle2002
![Page 71: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Design to total recycle, not downcycle to waste
generates nourishing waste or no waste, rather than depleting resources
![Page 72: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
endless cycle of materials
![Page 73: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
EF SchumacherA Guide for the Perplexed1995
![Page 74: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
shift from materialism to more internal needs
![Page 75: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
identify the most important features of life in their proper prominence.
![Page 76: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
JR EhrenfeldSustainability by Design1995
![Page 77: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Sustainability is the possibility that humans and other life will flourish on Earth forever.
![Page 78: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
rather than
being
having and doing
![Page 79: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Our choices for change
![Page 80: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
valorizing or sanctioning consumption is
part of the problem
![Page 81: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
if consumption continues, non-renewable resources will end
![Page 82: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
we are denying this and mythologizing technological solutions (e.g. cold fusion)
![Page 83: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
we need to change the consumption ethos and find ourselves, the unconditioned, pre-consumption self
![Page 84: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
the ones who are CRAZY enough to think they can CHANGE the world, are the ones WHO DO
![Page 85: Lecture 11 power and change the world](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062406/55922b451a28ab3a338b4669/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)