Lecture # 10
Knitting Elements and Basic Knitting Structures
Knitting Elements
Needle Sinker Cam Feeder Winder
Needles
Needle Parts
Stem – Used to hold the course of old loops Hook – The hook is used to catch a thread and form
loops. Rivet – Holds the latch in place and allows it to
pivot. Latch – The latch combines the task performed by
the presser bar and the beard of the bearded needle.
Butt – The butt enables the movement of the needle to be controlled by a cam mechanism. A track raises and lowers the needle.
Tail – Used to provide support to the needle.
Needle History
Matthew Townsend, a Leicester hosier, patented the latch needle in 1849.
Townsend spent much of his time developing new knitted fabrics and he investigated a simpler way of knitting purl fabrics.
Sinkers
CAMS
Knit Cams Tuck Cams Miss Cams
Yarn Feeder
Cylinder, Dial and Flat Bed
Parts of machine to hold needle Determines the gauge of the machine
Fabric Winder
To pull fabric downward To wrap it on a bar or to make laps of fabric Limited weight Traditionally it was up to 30 kg but today
more than 120 kgs is possible
Basic Four Knitting Structures
Plain Rib Interlock Purl
Technical Front
Technical Back
Plain Structure
Rib Structure
Purl Structure
Interlock Structure
Lecture # 11
Flat Knitting Machines
Flat Knitting
Flat knitting ---- Needle bed is flat
Single bed and double bed flat knitting machines
Production Collars, arm bands Sweaters Rib Gloves
For more information: http://www.shimaseiki.co.jp
Gauge
3 to 14 3 to 10 for sweaters 12 to 14 for collars and cuffs
Main characteristics
Strong grip in fine gauge Soft feel in course gauge Loose structure Easy designing Multi colors Slow production
Conti---
Easy to operate Width up to 70 inches
Significance of Flat Knitting Machines
Part of main body Garment in flat knitted fabric Sweaters
Production
400 collars per day Collar length is 3 to 4 inches In fabric form 40 to 50 meters Width 4 to 80 inches
Machines arrangements
Number of feeders 2 to 14 Jacquard Transfer Manual Automatic
Machine Specification
Quality Parameters
Gauge Width Length Number of stitches Knitting fault Oil problem Edges uneven
Carriage
Moving Taking all cams and feeding system Change of cam with in carriage Change of yarn with the help of change of
feeder Movement restriction
Costing
Per piece Per kg
Lecture 12Circular Knitting
Most Common Machines
Types of circular knitting machines
Single knit Double knit
Fleece Stripe Jacquard Plush Terry
Main Parts
Yarn feeding system Needle and sinker bed Fabric winder Power transmission Lubrication Control panels
Yarn Feeding
Creels
Combi Creel
Fan Creel
Filter Creel
Yarn Feeding
Elastic Yarn Feeder
Lubricants
Uniwave
Knitting Cylinders
For more details
http://www.memminger-iro.de/
http://www.peverada.it/english/peveprod.html