![Page 1: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
1
• Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment
• Darwin: Populations change as individuals experience different reproductive success (based on environment) = Natural Selection
![Page 2: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
2
All living things have much in common, in their chemical composition, their germinal vesicles, their cellular structure, and their laws of growth and reproduction… Therefore I should infer… that probably all the organic beings which have ever lived on this earth have descended from some one primordial form, into which life was first breathed
Darwin, 1859, pg. 484, “On the Origin of Species”
![Page 3: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
3
![Page 4: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
![Page 5: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Charles Darwin
• What were his two great contributions to biology?
![Page 6: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
The Modern Synthesis (aka Neo-Darwinism)
• 1930’s• Math + genetics + natural selection
![Page 7: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
WrightFisher
![Page 8: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
J. B. S. Haldane
• Asked by theologians, what could be inferred about the mind of the Creator from the works of His Creation, he reportedly replied, "An inordinate fondness for beetles”.
• "My own suspicion is that the universe is not only queerer than we suppose, but queerer than we can suppose."
![Page 9: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Other Players in the Modern Synthesis
Ernst Mayr Allopatric speciation model
Animal speciation George Gaylord SimpsonFossils consistent with evolution
G. Ledyard StebbinsGenetics and plant speciation
![Page 10: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
From the Modern Evolutionary Synthesis
Facebook page
• Dobzhansky, 1990-1975
• “Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution”
![Page 11: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
“Modern Synthesis” coined by Julian Huxley
= grandson of Thomas Henry
Huxley (Darwin’s bulldog)=brother of Aldous Huxley
![Page 12: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Evolving Synthesis?
![Page 13: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
13
Modern Evolution
• What do we have now that Darwin didn’t?• Read Futuyma’s definition
![Page 14: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
14
"In the broadest sense, evolution is merely change, and so is all-pervasive; galaxies, languages, and political systems all evolve.
Futuyma’s definition, part 1
![Page 15: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
15
Biological evolution (or organic evolution) is change in the properties of populations of organisms that transcend the lifetime of a single individual. The ontogeny of an individual is not considered evolution; individual organisms do not evolve.
Futuyma’s definition, part 2
![Page 16: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
16
The changes in populations that are considered evolutionary are those that are inheritable via the genetic material from one generation to the next.
Futuyma’s definition, part 3
![Page 17: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
17
Biological evolution may be slight or substantial; it embraces everything from slight changes in the proportion of different alleles within a population (such as those determining blood types) to the successive alterations that led from the earliest protoorganism to snails, bees, giraffes, and dandelions.”--Futuyma, 1986
Futuyma’s definition, part 4
![Page 18: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
18
• Assignment: Break down and shorten Futuyma’s definition
![Page 19: Lamarck: Populations change as individuals change in response to environment](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022062814/5681671b550346895ddb9425/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
• At this point, we talked a bit about the evidence for common ancestry, but I have moved those slides to the Day 4 presentation...