Axel-Pierre Bois – November, 25 2014
LACQ - ROUSSECO2 storage demonstration pilot
Axel-Pierre Bois – November, 25 2014 2
Agenda
• Rousse pilot
• Cement-sheath chemical integrity
• Cement-sheath mechanical integrity
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Lacq-Rousse demonstration pilot
S.THIBEAU - EAGE-SES Conference - 8-10 Nov 2011 - Valencia
Lacq Profond gas reservoir
Oxygen
Production
Unit
Lacq gas production
1
Natural gas inlet
2
Lacq gas treatment plant
3
Commercial gas
4
UtilitiesBoiler oxycombustion
5
CO2
6
CO2 Transportation
7
Compression
8
CO2 injection
9
CO2 storage
10
4000 m
4500 mComm.gas
Steam
Purification / CO2 dehydration
Compression
Rousse reservoir
CO2 injection
CO2 transport
Captage
Gas production
01/2010 - 03/2013
51 000 t injected
Up to 120 t CO2/j
Axel-Pierre Bois – November, 25 2014 4
Lacq-Rousse demonstration pilot
Selection among gas fields produced by TOTAL
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Lacq-Rousse demonstration pilot
Reservoir comparison for site selectionMax flow
MSm3/j
Cumul flow
GSm3
Pressure - MPaInstallations Production
Initial Final
Lacq 30 250 62 2 Oui Oui
Meillon Saint Faust 10 58 48 10 Oui Oui
Ucha-Lacommande 0.3 1.9 47 7 Non Non
Rousse-Mano 0.3 0.9 48 3 Oui Non
Rousse-Meillon 1.2 3.7 49 15 Oui Oui
Pilot 0.06 0.06 10
• Rousse-Mano is an isolated low-pressure reservoir that is no longer produced and that is still completed
• It has been produced with on well : RSE-1
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Lacq-Rousse demonstration pilot
Mano
Jurassic
Dolomitic
Fractured
4200 m (NM)
Φ ~3%
Km < 1 mD
Kf ~ 5 mD
150°C
48 � 3 � 8 MPa
South NorthPau
Axel-Pierre Bois – November, 25 2014 7
Regional scale geological reviewRegional seismic interpretation of major horizonsRousse local seismic interpretationStatic reservoir modelingFluid, pressure and temperature reviewHistorical production and pressure dataDynamic reservoir modeling
Lacq-Rousse demonstration pilot
Geomechanical modeling
Axel-Pierre Bois – November, 25 2014 8
Lacq-Rousse demonstration pilot
• Under-pressurized reservoir• Capillary entry pressure
– Difficult to evaluate due to heterogeneity
• Geomechanics
– No plasticity during production
– Fault stability uncertainty at pressure larger than the initial pressure
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Lacq-Rousse demonstration pilot
• Geochemistry
– Limited impact of CO2 on the carbonated reservoir
– Minor variations of mineralogy and porosity
– Diffusion of CO2 through the overburden slowed by geochemistry
• Deshydration in near wellbore area due to gas expansion
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Lacq-Rousse demonstration pilot
• CO2 migrates downwards in the reservoir
– No accumulation of CO2 below the overburden
• Wellbore integrity
– Cement sheath initially good
– No risk due to mechanical damage
– No risk due to chemical degradation
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Lacq-Rousse demonstration pilot
• Injection monitoring– Flow, composition
• Surface seismicity monitoring
• Downhole reservoir monitoring– P, T @4335 m
– Seismicity
• Environnemental monitoring
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Lacq-Rousse demonstration pilot
Rousse
The Pyrénées
Spain
France
30km • Regional seismicity related to Pyrenees and Lacq reservoir depletion
• Close to the site– Only 3 events detected by the surface network near Rousse with magnitude between -1 and -0.3
– From March 2011, more than 2000 micro seisms detected by downhole sensors with magnitude between -2.4 and -0.8
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Cement / CO2 : Uncoupled tests
Cement is first in contact with C02then mechanically tested
Gas injectionGas exit
PCO2 = 8 MPa
T = 90°C
for neat class G
T = 140°C
for class G+35%
silica BWOC
80 bar
Axel-Pierre Bois – November, 25 2014 14
Cement/CO2 : Uncoupled testsX-Ray tomography: cement densification (carbonation) over time
Neat Class G
90°C
8 MPa
Class G + Silica
140°C
8 MPa
Reference
Reference
7 days
4 days
36 days
21 days
65 days
31 days
90 days
88 days
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Cement/CO2 : Uncoupled tests
Kinetics of the reaction:
Linear with respect to square root of time
9.6 mm/√yr
Porosity decreases from 30 to 22%
Kinetics of the reaction:Linear with respect to time73 mm/yr
Porosity is less affected (25-28%)
0
3
6
9
12
0 2 4 6 8 10
Degraded thickness (mm)
Time of experiment (v day)
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 20 40 60 80 100Degraded thickness (mm)
Time of experiment (day)
Re
act
ed
th
ick
ne
ss (
mm
)R
ea
cte
d t
hic
kn
ess
(m
m) 140°C – Class G + Silica
Neat Class G @ 90°C & 8 MPa
Class G + Silica @ 140°C & 8 MPa
90°C – Neat class G
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Cement / CO2: Coupled tests
Cement is in contact with CO2 under stress
Non reactive water
CO2 rich fluid
PCO2 = 2.5 MPa
Vertical stress
σ1 = 6 MPa
Piston
Cement plug
T = 90°C (194°F)
σ3
σ1
Confining pressure
σ3 = 3 MPa
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Cement / CO2: Coupled tests
Hydrostatic stress
3 MPa
Deviatoric stress
σ1 = 6 MPa - σ3 = 3 MPa
Time
Neutral water inj. CO2-rich water inj.
Stress
0
20
60
30
50
10
40
90°C
2.5 MPar
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Cement / CO2: Coupled tests
-180
-160
-140
-120
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Vo
lum
e (c
m3)
Time (day)
Perm :
1,9.10-18m²
Perm:
1,6.10-18m²
σ3 = 30 bar
σ1 = 60 bar
ε1
Pi = 25 bar
Injected
volume
Hydrostatic stress Deviatoric stress
Distilled water injection CO2-rich water
Clogging
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Cement-sheath mechanical integrity
Heating
Increase in mud pressure
Stiff formation
Tensile
failure
ττττ
σσσσ''''
σσσσrσσσσθθθθσσσσθθθθ σσσσr
Increase in
radial
stress
Decrease
in hoop
stress
Shear
failure
Axel-Pierre Bois – November, 25 2014 20
Cement-sheath mechanical integrity
Heating
Increase in mud pressure
Soft formation
σσσσrσσσσθθθθσσσσθθθθ σσσσr
Increase in
radial
stress
Decrease
in hoop
stress
Tensile
failure
ττττ Shear
failure
σσσσ''''
Axel-Pierre Bois – November, 25 2014 21
Cement-sheath mechanical integrity
+ 20 MPa
- 1 MPa0 MPa
+ 5 MPa
+ 15 MPa
σσσσCompressive damage
+ 10 MPa
Tensiledamage
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Cement-sheath mechanical integrity
+ 20 MPa
- 1 MPa0 MPa
+ 5 MPa
+ 15 MPa
σσσσCompressive damage
+ 10 MPa
Tensiledamage
Axel-Pierre Bois – November, 25 2014 23
Cement-sheath mechanical integrity
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0 50 100 150 200 250
Hydration degree
Time [h]
Measured
Computed
Axel-Pierre Bois – November, 25 2014 24
Cement-sheath mechanical integrity
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Modolus [MPa]
Time [h]
Ku
Kd measured
Kd
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
UCS [MPa]
Time [h]
at 40°C
at 20°C
Axel-Pierre Bois – November, 25 2014 25
Cement-sheath mechanical integrity
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0 50 100 150 200
Shrinkage [%]
Time [h]
3000 psi
2000 psi
1000 psi
500 psi
100 psi
0 psi
Computed
Axel-Pierre Bois – November, 25 2014 26
Cement-sheath mechanical integrity
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0 1 2 3 4
Pore pressure [MPa]
Time [h]
4632 ft 3636 ft
8754 ft 4787 ft
5488 ft 6909 ft
Computed
Pre
ssu
re
Axel-Pierre Bois – November, 25 2014 27
Cement-sheath mechanical integrity
AnalyticalAnalytical
NumericalNumerical
CURISINTEGRITY TM
Axel-Pierre Bois – November, 25 2014 28
Cement-sheath integrity
Loadings
– Cement hydration
– Mud pressure
– Temperature
– Pore-pressure
– Compaction
– Dynamic
Mechanisms
– Elasticity
– Shear failure
– Tensile failure
– Pore collapse
– Creep
– Fatigue
– Degradation
Thank you
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