NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS: OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY
Kamal Banjara
Rodrigo Benedetti
Bob DeBorde
John DeLeonardis
Overview
• Oil and Gas Industry
•Nanotechnology in the Industry
• Applications http://kiaostherealitytraveler.blogspot.com/2008/08/how-do-you-like-this-reailty.html
Applications
•Geothermal Energy
•Fuel Energy
•Better Equipment
•Smart fluids
•Sensors
webdocs.cs.ualberta.ca
stockwatch.in
Superwetting nanomenbranes for selective absorption.JIKANG YUAN, XIAOGANG LIU, OZGE AKBULUT, JUNQING HU, STEVEN L. SUIB, JING KONG AND FRANCESCO STELLACCI.
Introduction
Julio Cortez / Houston Chronicle
•Oil spills and wastewater
•Conventional Techniques
Oil Spills Clean UpBooms -- Floating barriers placed around the oil or around whatever is leaking the oil. Booms contain the oil so skimmers can collect it.
Skimmers -- Boats, vacuum machines, and oil-absorbent plastic ropes that skim spilled oil from the water's surface after booms have corralled it. The skimmer collects oil into a container so it can be removed.
In-situ burning -- Igniting freshly spilled oil while it's still floating on the water.
Chemical dispersants
Bioremediation industrysearch.com.au
erez-therm.com
NEW APPROACH:Nanowire membranes
WHAT ARE NANOMEMBRANES
?
Chemical composition Potassium sulphate Potassium persulphate Manganese sulphate monohydrate Solution ratio 1:2:1 in deionized water
K2SO4K2S2O8 MnSO4 . H2O
Transferred
Teflon-vessel
@ 2500C for 4 days in OVEN
Final product: Superhydrophilic Manganese oxide nanowire membranes
Use of Polydimethysiloxane (PDMS)
Provides silicon Silicon is hydrophobic
PDMS
@ 2340 C and for 30 mins
nanomembrane
Final product; Silicon coated superhydrophobic membranes
What they have accomplished MIT engineers have developed self-assembled
nanowire membranes with superwetting properties (0.05 s).
By coating the membrane with hydrophobic molecules, the wetting characteristics are reversed
http://www.newscientist.com/articleimages/dn16340/0-nanotechnologys-biggest-stories-of-2008.html
The nanomembrane was assembled underwater and dried.
SEM high magnification few of nanowire bundle under various magnification
Optical image of the cryptomelane membrane
Scanning electron microscope image of cross section area of the
membrane
Later the wool-like bundle was stretched out and pressed in a similar way that paper is made.
What they found:
Very robust
Reusable
Hydrophobicity doesn’t decrease with use
HOW DO NANOWIRE
MEMBRANES WORK?
Nanowire membranes act as nano-capillary sponges
the pore size distribution centered about 10nm Surface area of 44 m2g-1
Membrane absorbs on average of 14 t m-3 of motor oil making it an ideal oil absorbent
Experimental results shows the membrane can soak up organic substance 20 times of its weight
Oil uptake studies of the silicone-coated nanowire membrane ; absorption capabilities of the membrane for a selection of organic solvents and oil in terms of its weight gain
SELECTIVE ABSORPTION BETWEEN DIFFERENT ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
NOTE: THE SEPARATION PROCEDURE IS SIMILAR THAT WE DO USING TLC PLATES IN OUR
LABROTORIES
Comparison to porous Polypropylene and silicon-coated
glass fabric membranes
Manganese oxide NanowiresPolypropylene and silicon coated
glass fibers
Water contact angle ( Ѳ>170 ) Water contact angle 142 and 128 resp.
In mixture of toluene and water, these nanowires absorb only toluene
Absorbs both water and toluene
selective absorption of different sizes toluene
Doesn’t show any notable selectivity
Thermal stability up to 380 0 C Not so stable
Conclusions
Nanowire membranes can be controlled to be either hydrophilic or hydrophobicAddition/subtraction of coatingThermodynamically stable
Selective solubilityPolar v. non-polarNon-polar v. non-polar
Applications
Oil SpillsAbsorbs only organicsRegeneration
Separation Process
sanfrancisco.ismyhome.com
Assessment
Useful technology Wide variety of applications Manganese Oxide is Toxic
ouhsc.eduManganese OxideOptionoxides.tradeindia.com
Further Research Possibilities Membranes that are specific to one
species Techniques for large-scale production Use compounds that are non-toxic Full properties of material
filebox.vt.edu
Questions?
Rebuttal from U1We agree that we all need to work on our speaking
skills, such as eye contact and overall verbal delivery. We should also avoid filler words.
Some people thought our introduction was either too long or too short, and many people felt that it was
vague and off-topic.
Our intention with the introduction was to familiarize the audience with the problems of current oil spill
cleanup and how nanotechnology can help out. We should have made it a little more clear and possibly
improved our organization.
More in-depth research could have been done by us on the hazards of such materials and similar research
being done by other groups. http://www.freewebs.com/matthewstolte/Oil_Spill!_by_Berger.jpg
http://www.ivan-ong.com/wp-admin/images/public.jpg
Review of Group U1’s Presentation-
By Group U2: -Kyle Demel
-Keaton Hamm
-Bryan Holekamp
-Rachael Houk
industrysearch.com.au
The presenters could have discussed the following more in depth:
• Further applications of oil- soaking nanomembranes:– Small-scale water clean-ups– Self-cleaning fabrics/carpets– Super absorbent rags– Hydrocarbon storage– Filter membranes
• Introduction – Needed to be longer
Group 3: Krista Melish James
KancewickPhillip Keller Mike Jones
Super wetting Nanomembranes
for Selective Absorption
Review from Group U3
Presentation Review: Ugrad #1Presentation Review Material Review Good Volume and Tone Need to reduce use of verbal
distractors (umm, like, etc.) and pauses
Slight tendency to present to the slide versus the audience
Good slide design Consistent format Use of graphics enhanced
presentation Well thought out and easy to
follow
Overall Grade: 90
Article chosen appropriate and Interesting
Selective absorbance characteristics of non-polar liquids holds future value
Speed and selectivity of absorbtion are astounding Holds promise for oil spill clean up Laboratory separations Industrial absorption bed material
Questions for further research: What are the hazards of
regeneration? Can the technology be applied to
other areas such as solute adsorption (seawater) or gas adsorption (fuel storage)?
Super wetting Nanomembranesfor Selective Absorption
Review from Group 4
Group U4
Main PointsPossible uses rely on the
hydrophobicity of the membrane.Tested on a laboratory scaled
and proved to absorb oil and not water.
Reusable.When scaled up, could be used to
clean up oil spills.Chemical properties could be
modified to absorb other substances, thus broadening the range of applications.
Debate over its hazardousness.
Group U4
Nanotechnology Applications: Oil and gas industry
Review of Team U1 by Team U5 – Jaynesh Shah, Greg Pudewell, Edwin L. Youmsi Pete and John Pack.
Oral and Quality of Slides Review The speakers did a
great job of speaking in a clear manner.
They were confident and sounded knowledgeable on the subject.
The slides were visually appealing and consistent
Graphics helped gave visuals about and helped understand the subject
Technical Review
The presentation was technically sound
Good use of technical jargon
Paper selection was relevant and recent
Perhaps research other new methods of cleaning up oil spills
The presentation was well laid out and there were illustrations to support their points.
The paper presented was very innovative and possessed many potential future uses.
Further research needs to be performed to determine the feasibility of large scale production.
They could have spoken more clearly and made more eye contact with audience.
Nanotechnology Applications: Oil and Gas Industry
Presented by Undergraduates 1 (U1)Critiqued by Undergraduates 6 (U6) – Pavitra Timbalia, Michael Trevathan, & Jared Walker
Group U6
Review from U6 to U1
What We LearnedNanowire/nanomesh is:• Highly hydrophobic• Extremely durable• Has a strong affinity toward hydrocarbons• Capable of significant hydrocarbon separation – based on polarity• Only been produced on small scale• The cost of production is unknown• Potential toxicity issues while manufacturing• In the future it will be capable of efficiently cleaning up spilled oil in the field.
Group U6
Review from U6 to U1
Mass Production
• It seems that the nano-capiliary sponges can be used to selectively absorb or set boundaries for and contain leaked oil. In order to make this possible, a large amount of sponges are needed.
• What efforts have researchers made to improve the techniques to mass-produce this nano-material?
• Have they been successful?• How far has the research been done to
commercially produce the material for use?
Jung Hwan Woo
Review from G6 to U1c
Socioeconomic Issues
• Is the production toxin-free? (especially for large-production)
• Is this material more cost-effective than the current methods discussed in the introduction?
Jung Hwan Woo
Review from G6 to U1c