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by Jeffrey Fong , NIST, May 15, 2009
Please send comments to:301-975-8217 or [email protected]
Slide # 01Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
( Ethics )
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~ 3 minutes per topic, total 30 slides
• What is NIST and what do I do at NIST ?
• What is engineering ?
• What is exciting about engineering ?
• What is the downside of engineering ?
• What is the trade-off ?
Please send comments to:301-975-8217 or [email protected]
Slide # 02Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
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What is NIST and what do I do at NIST ?
Please send comments to:301-975-8217 or [email protected]
Slide # 03Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
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Slide # 05Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
FEM Model of a Side Airbag
FEM Model of Airplane Impact
of a 6-story model building
FEM Model WTC North Tower
Resonance (Enlarged View)
FEM ModelWTC North
Tower Resonance
Uncertainty Plug-Ins for Engineering & Sciences
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Sensor tip vertical displacement
Sample surface during free vibration of Cantilever Beam
Micro- & Nano-MechanicsAn Interesting Phenomenon of
Resonance Frequency Discontinuity between Free and Forced Vibrations of a
Cantilever Beam with a Sensor Tip:
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Slide # 08Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
Credits: Donna Hurley, NIST, 2003
Free vibration: First mode frequency f1
equals 180.8 KHzForced vibration at 20 nm sensor tip deflection:
First mode frequency f1
equals 579.9 KHz
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What is engineering ?
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Slide # 09Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
What we have today
What we have today
What we like to have tomorrow
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Engineers are creative problem solvers.
Engineering is essential to our health,
happiness, and safety.
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Slide # 10Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
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Engineering Education for the 21st Century
Charles M. VestPresident, National Academy of Engineering
ASEE Annual ConferencePittsburgh, PAJune 23, 2008
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Slide # 11Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
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Today, in 2008, our concerns are:• How to make the first year exciting,
• How to communicate what engineers actually do,
• How to develop an understanding of business processes, and
• How to get students to think about ethics and social responsibility.
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Slide # 12Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
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And to this we must add:• Nano-Bio-Info• Large Complex Systems• An entire new life-science base• Astounding computation and storage capabilities• Globalization• Innovation• Leadership• Teamwork across disciplines, fields, nations and cultures• Experiential Learning: Conceive / Design / Implement / Operate.• Entrepreneurship• Product Development and Manufacturing• Sustainable Development
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Slide # 13Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
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Oh, And Our Graduates Must Be Global Engineers
• Technically Adept
• Broadly Knowledgeable
• Innovative and Entrepreneurial
• Commercially Savvy
• Multilingual
• Culturally Aware
• Able to Understand World Markets
• Professionally Flexible and Mobile
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Slide # 14Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
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Engineering is about Systems
• From nanobiological devices
• To large scale infrastructure
• To the earth itself
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Slide # 15Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
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And Engineering Systemsinclude, interact with, and serve:
• People• Economies• Business• Law• Politics• Culture …
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Slide # 16Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
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What is important in Engineering Education
Making universities and engineering schools exciting, creative, adventurous, rigorous, demanding, and empowering environments is more important than specifying curricular details.
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Slide # 17Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
End of Charles Vest’s 2008 Talk at ASEE Conf., Pittsburgh, PA.
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Please send comments to:301-975-8217 or [email protected]
Slide # 18Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
An Alternative Definition (Fong, 2007)* *Fong, J. T., Engineering and Uncertainty Analysis, Notes of a 10-lecture course (MEM800) at College of Engineering, Drexel Univ., Jan.-Mar. 2007.
Engineering is about making things in an “ optimal ” way,
engineering is about making things in a “ wise ” way, and
engineering is about making things in an “ ethical ” way.
( Ethics )
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What is exciting about engineering ?
Please send comments to:301-975-8217 or [email protected]
Slide # 19Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
In this New Century
Engineering is Dynamicwith Exciting Frontiersand Grand Challenges
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Engineering Grand ChallengesAnnounced Feb. 15, 2008 by NAS-NAE
• Make Solar Energy Economical• Provide Energy from Fusion• Develop Carbon Sequestration
Methods• Manage the Nitrogen Cycle• Provide Access to Clean Water
• Engineer Better Medicines• Advance Health Informatics
• Secure Cyberspace• Prevent Nuclear Terror• Restore and Improve Urban
Infrastructure
• Reverse Engineer the Brain• Enhance Virtual Reality• Advance Personalized
Learning• Engineer the Tools of Scientific
Discovery
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Slide # 20Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
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Engineering Grand Challenges
EnergyEnvironment
Global WarmingSustainability
Improve Medicine andHealthcare Delivery
Reducing Vulnerability toHuman and Natural Threats
Expand and EnhanceHuman Capability
And Joy
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Slide # 21Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
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Think about these Challenges
• Some are imperative for human survival.
• Some will make us more secure against natural and human threats.
• All will improve quality of life.
• Most are of global scale.
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Slide # 22Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
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What is the downside of engineering ?
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Slide # 23Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
On a global scale, the
competition is . . . FIERCE !
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0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
ChinaJapanS. KoreaUSUKGermany
Source: Science and Engineering Indicators 2006, National Science Foundation, Washington, DC
First Engineering Degrees
China
U.S.
Japan
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Slide # 24Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
S. Korea
Thousands
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With New Players - Where the Expertise is
Source: Competitiveness Index 2007, Council on Competitiveness, Washington, DC
Young Professional Workforce(college grads up to 7 yr.
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
China India U.S.
Engineers
Life Science
Finance/Acct.
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Slide # 25Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
China U.S.India
Engineers
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0102030405060708090
100
1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050
Services (Info)Services (Other)Industry (Goods)Agriculture
Source: Stuart Feldman, IBM Research, Presentation at Carnegie-Mellon University, 29 June, 2005
With New JobsU.S. % Employment by Sector
History and Projection
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Slide # 26Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
We must reverse this trend to stay competitive ! ! !
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What is the trade-off ?
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Slide # 27Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
1. The trade-off is a “personal” choice.
2. For me, I love “geometry” & “computing.”3. I love “science” & “asking questions.”
4. I love “statistics” & “optimization.”
5. I love “design” & “construction.”
6. I love “making decisions” & “ . . . People ”
7. So I chose to work in Engineering (1955 - ).
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Slide # 27aDate Prepared: May 08, 2009
8. I was the principal designer of an arch dam and a pump-storage hydroelectric power plant in Roanoke, Virginia (completed 1959).
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Slide # 28Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
Concluding Remarks
and a sense of satisfaction
( Ethics )
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Slide # 29Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
An answer* to 2 questions by T. S. Eliot*Fong, J. T., Lecture Notes, Drexel University Course MEM800, Jan. 2007.
Where is the wisdom we have lost in knowledge ? (Eliot, T. S., ibid., 1934)
(Fong, 2007)* : Knowledge with quantified
“ uncertainty ” is . . . wisdom.
Where is the knowledge we have lost in information ? (Eliot, T. S., After Strange Gods, 1934)
Answer : Information with rigorous
“ analysis ” is knowledge.
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Slide # 30Date Prepared: May 08, 2009
A song to sing and dance with( Cole Porter © 1933 Warner Bros. Inc.) ( also in “De-Lovely,” 2004 )
Experiment ! Make it your motto day and night.
Experiment , and it will lead you to the light.The apple on the top of the tree Is never too high to achieve,
So take an example from Eve … Experiment !Be curious, Though interfering friends may frown.
Get furious, At each attempt to hold you down.
If this advice you only employ
The future can offer you infinite joy … and
merriment … Experiment ! And you’ll see !